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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vguit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-910X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VSUET</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20914/2310-1202-2018-2-68-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vguit-1873</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Процессы и аппараты пищевых производств</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Processes and equipment for food industry</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ и обоснование основных параметров теплоносителя для конвективного аппарата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of trends in shifts in the distribution of livestock sectors in the regions of the Central black earth in the post-Soviet period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент, кафедра ресторанного бизнеса, Стремянный переулок, 36, Москва, 117997, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engin.), associate professor, department for Restaurant Business of the PRUE, Stremyanny Lane, 36, Moscow, 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Amdavydov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н, декан факультета гостинично-ресторанной, туристической и спортивной индустрии, Стремянный переулок, 36, Москва, 117997, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engin.), dean of the faculty of Hotel, Restaurant, Tourism and Sport industry, Stremyanny lane, 36, Moscow, 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davydov.dm@rea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирпичников</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirpichnikov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор, главный специалист научной школы «Химия и технология полимерных материалов», Стремянный переулок, 36, Москва, 117997, Россия, vpkirpichnikov@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">noreplay@elpub.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кадастровый инженер</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>cadastral engineer</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katjushka-strish@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пушкинский отдел Королевского филиала Московского областного БТИ</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pushkin department of the Royal branch of Moscow regional BTI</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Давыдов А.М., Давыдов Д.М., Кирпичников В.П., Давыдова Е.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Давыдов А.М., Давыдов Д.М., Кирпичников В.П., Давыдова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Davydov A.M., Davydov D.M., Kirpichnikov V.P., Davydova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/1873">https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/1873</self-uri><abstract><p>Основным звеном в технологическом процессе производства кулинарных изделий является тепловая обработка пищевых продуктов. Научная и инновационная деятельность по созданию энергоэффективных процессов при тепловой кулинарной обработке продуктов,обеспечению высокого качества и органолептических показателей готовых изделий, является актуальной задачей. В работе, на основании критериальных уравнений подобия, представлено теоретическое обоснование влияния величины скорости движения теплоносителя (греющей среды) в рабочей камере конвективного аппарата на интенсификацию процесса теплоотдачи от теплоносителя к нагреваемому изделию, что приводит к снижению температуры теплоносителя в процессе тепловой кулинарной обработки и сокращению ее продолжительности, в следствие чего увеличивается выход готовых изделий и снижается расход электрической энергии на единицу производимой продукции. Наглядно показано, что оптимальная скорость движения теплоносителя в рабочей камере конвективного аппарата должна быть не ниже 0,5 м/с при высоте яруса 0,06 м и 0,72 м/с для яруса высотой 0,04 м. В случае тепловой кулинарной обработки крупнокусковых полуфабрикатов минимальная скорость составляет 1–1,5 м/с. Для обеспечения равномерного нагрева изделий по ярусам конвективного аппарата при равной площади каналов притока и вытяжки максимальные расходы происходят в верхних и нижних ярусах. Соответственно равномерное распределение воздушного потока в рабочей камере может быть достигнуто при распределении площадей отверстий сверху вниз по ярусам обратно пропорционально эпюрам распределения теплоносителя по высоте рабочей камеры.Полученные результаты исследования могут быть применимы при конструировании и производстве конвективных и пароконвективных аппаратов, а также в учебном процессе при подготовке инженеров-механиков и технологов при изучении ими дисциплин «Оборудование предприятий общественного питания» и «Процессы и аппараты пищевых производств».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers the state of the modern location of livestock sectors in the Central Chernozem region. Revealed changes in the distribution of livestock animals, production of major livestock products in the region for the period from 1990 to 2015. The factors and conditions that determined these changes and prospects for the industry development are determined. For the post-reform years, there has been an unprecedented decline in the number of livestock and poultry. Thus, a herd of cattle as a whole in the central-chernozem area in 2015, in comparison with 1990, decreased by 4.4 times. The state of the pig industry in the region was also characterized by a negative dynamics of the number of pigs until 2005, when it declined by 3.4 times. The greatest damage in the years of reforms was borne by sheep, where the number of sheep in 2015 to the level of 1990 decreased by 5, 5 times. The decisive factors in the sharp drop in the levels of livestock and poultry, in the production of livestock products and the deep crisis of the industry were the ill-considered until the end of the reform of the collective-farm and state farming system, the loss-making of most types of products because of low sales prices that did not reimburse the costs of agricultural producers for its production. Evaluation of structural shifts in the distribution of livestock production showed that the volume of meat production in the Central Black Earth region has significantly increased the share of poultry meat from 14, 1 in 1990 to 46.6% in 2015, pork from 38.8 to 46.4%. At the same time, the specific weight of beef decreased significantly from 46.3 to 6.4% and lamb from 2.5 to 0.5%. Analyzing the efficiency of the location of livestock production in the central black earth region, it should be noted that it was determined not only by territorial and sectoral peculiarities, but primarily by organizational and economic factors, among which one of the priority is the effective management of an agricultural area in a given region of the central black earth region.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конвектоматы</kwd><kwd>пароконвектоматы</kwd><kwd>распределение теплоносителя</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>livestock sectors</kwd><kwd>distribution</kwd><kwd>production</kwd><kwd>structural shifts</kwd><kwd>factors</kwd><kwd>valuation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Батурин В.В. Основы промышленной вентиляции. М.: «Профиздат», 1965.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mindrin A. 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