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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vguit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-910X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VSUET</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20914/2310-1202-2018-4-441-451</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vguit-2042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономика и управление</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Economics and Management</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Теоретические и практические подходы к формированию собственного капитала для развития предпринимательской деятельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Theoretical and practical approaches to the formation of equity for the development of entrepreneurial activity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аврашков</surname><given-names>Л. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avrashkov</surname><given-names>L. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.э.н., профессор, кафедра экономики и финансов, ул. Интернациональная, 3, г. Липецк, 398001, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, economics and Finance department, International St., 3 Lipetsk, 398001, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekonomika310@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Графова</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grafova</surname><given-names>G. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.э.н., профессор, кафедра экономики и финансов, ул. Интернациональная, 3, г. Липецк, 398001, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, economics and Finance department, International St., 3 Lipetsk, 398001, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grafova_gf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Графов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gtafov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.э.н., профессор, кафедра экономики и финансов, ул. Интернациональная, 3, г. Липецк, 398001, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Econ.), professor, economics and Finance department, International St., 3 Lipetsk, 398001, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grafav@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахватова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhvatova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.э.н., доцент, кафедра экономики и финансов, ул. Интернациональная, 3, г. Липецк, 398001, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Econ.), associate professor, economics and Finance department, International St., 3 Lipetsk, 398001, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssha76@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>441</fpage><lpage>451</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аврашков Л.Я., Графова Г.Ф., Графов А.В., Шахватова С.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аврашков Л.Я., Графова Г.Ф., Графов А.В., Шахватова С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avrashkov L.Y., Grafova G.F., Gtafov A.V., Shakhvatova S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2042">https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2042</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена вопросам методологии формирования и оптимизации собственного капитала фирмы. В рыночной экономике финансовая стабильность фирмы, зависящая от финансового состояния, является одним из важнейших факторов жизнедеятельности фирмы и развития предпринимательской деятельности. Положительное финансовое состояние определяет конкурентоспособность фирмы на рынке. Также оно помогает в сотрудничестве с кредиторами в финансовом аспекте. Финансовое состояние демонстрирует возможность организации финансировать деятельность собственными средствами, а также рационально распоряжаться ими во взаимоотношениях с другими лицами. Поэтому цель любой фирмы – сохранять стабильное, устойчивое финансовое состояние и достижение прибыли. Наиболее важным для развития фирмы является формирование и наращивание собственного капитала. Авторы рассматривают различные методические подходы к формированию собственного капитала фирмы. Традиционная позиция формирования собственного капитала и его оптимизации находит место в бухгалтерском учете, также в специальной экономической литературе. Однако, при изучении различных подходов к определению конечного результата финансово-хозяйственной деятельности фирмы, подобная трактовка вызывает серьезные возражения. Начальным этапом управления формированием капитала фирмы является определение потребности в необходимом его объеме. Оптимизация общей потребности в капитале фирмы достигается различными методами, позволяющими в итоге достичь положительного результата деятельности фирмы. В статье уделено внимание направлениям в сфере обеспечения принятия оперативных управленческих решений по выбору источников финансирования хозяйственной деятельности фирм с позиции обеспечения достаточного уровня платежеспособности и повышению эффективности использования капитала. Сформулированы основные этапы процесса оптимизации капитала фирмы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the methodology of formation and optimization of the company's equity. In a market economy, the financial stability of the firm, depending on the financial condition, is one of the most important factors in the life of the firm and the development of entrepreneurial activity. A positive financial condition determines the competitiveness of the company in the market. It also helps in cooperation with creditors in the financial aspect. The financial condition demonstrates the ability of the organization to Finance activities with its own funds, as well as to manage them rationally in relations with other persons. Therefore, the goal of any company – to maintain a stable, stable financial condition and profit. The most important for the development of the company is the formation and increase of equity capital. The article deals with various methodological approaches to the formation of the company's equity. The traditional position of equity formation and its optimization is found in accounting, as well as in the special economic literature. However, in the study of different approaches to determining the final result of financial and economic activities of the company, such interpretation raises serious objections. The initial stage of capital formation management of the company is to determine the need for the required amount. Optimization of the total capital requirement of the company is achieved by various methods, which eventually allow to achieve a positive result of the company. The article focuses on the areas in the field of ensuring the adoption of operational management decisions on the choice of sources of financing of economic activities of firms from the position of ensuring a sufficient level of solvency and improving the efficiency of capital use. The main stages of the optimization process of the capital of the company)</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>прибыль</kwd><kwd>собственный капитал</kwd><kwd>внеоборотные активы</kwd><kwd>оборотные активы</kwd><kwd>амортизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>profit</kwd><kwd>equity</kwd><kwd>non-current assets</kwd><kwd>current assets</kwd><kwd>depreciation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аврашков Л.Я., Графова Г.Ф., Графов А.В., Шахватова С.А. Инновационно-инвестиционная деятельность предприятий. Москва, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avrashkov L., Grafova G., Grafov A., Shakhvatova S. Innovacionno-investicionnaya deyatel'nost' predpriyatij [Innovative investment activity of enterprises]. Moscow, 2015. 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