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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vguit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-910X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VSUET</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20914/2310-1202-2020-2-101-106</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vguit-2519</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Пищевая  биотехнология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Food biotechnology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антиоксидантная система молока</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dairy antioxidant system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добриян</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobriyan</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория ресурсосберегающих процессов и функциональных продуктов, ул. Люсиновская, 35/7, Москва 115093, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engin.), leading researcher, laboratory of resource-saving technologies functional products, Lusinovskaya str., 35/7, Moscow, 155093, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e_dobriyan@vnimi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Dairy Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>82</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Добриян Е.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Добриян Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dobriyan E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2519">https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2519</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен обзор отечественных и зарубежных источников литературы по антиоксидантам молока. Окислительные процессы жира являются одной из основных причин химической порчи молока и молочных продуктов с длительным сроком годности. Окисление липидов связано преимущественно с количеством ненасыщенных жирных кислот в оболочках жировых шариков и фосфолипидах плазмы, а также с количеством свободного жира. Продуктами окислительных реакций на разных этапах окисления липидов кислородом воздуха являются гидроперекиси жирных кислот, перексиды, альдегиды, кетоны, оксикокислоты, которые не только ухудшают органолептические показатели молока, но, некоторые из них являются токсичными веществами. Антиоксидантная способность молока обусловлена витаминами А, С, Е, каротиноидами, ферментами, лактоферрином, серосодержащими аминокислотами. Одним из самых сильных природных антиоксидантов является аскорбиновая кислота, которая способна поглощать супероксидные анионные радикалы, алкильные радикалы, супероксид, оксид железа, оксид азота. Описаны витамины групп Е, являющиеся первичными жирорастворимыми антиоксидантами. Среди этой группы веществ, наиболее биологически активной формой является ?-токоферол. Определен вклад каротиноидов в антиоксидантную защиту. Бета каротин рассматривается как профилактический антиоксидант, так как он может гасить высокотоксичный синглетный кислород. Раскрыты механизмы антиокислительного действия различных ферментов. Показано, что ксантиоксидаза окисляет различные альдегиды и пуриновые основания до соответствующих кислот. Лактопероксидаза катализирует окисление тиоцианата с помощью перекиси водорода с образованием тиоциагена. Каталаза окисляет пероксид водорода с образованием воды и молекулярного кислорода. Глутатионпероксидаза способна с высокой скоростью удалять перекись водорода и другие пероксиды. Описан механизм антиоксидантного действия лактоферрина, заключающийся в хелатировании им железа. Раскрыты функции серосодержащих аминокислот, обусловленные связыванием свободных радикалов. Определение общей антиоксидантной активности может быть биомаркером его биологической ценности, что позволит выбирать перспективные направления переработки молока.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A review of dairy antioxidants was done based on local and international sources. Oxidative processes of fat are the main cause of chemical spoilage of milk and dairy products. Lipid oxidation is associated mainly with the amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the shells of fat globules and plasma phospholipids, as well as with the amount of free fat. The products of oxidative reactions at different stages of lipid oxidation with atmospheric oxygen are fatty acid hydroperoxides, peroxides, aldehydes, ketones, hydroxy acidswhich not only worsen the organoleptic characteristics of milk, but some of them are toxic substances. The antioxidant ability of milk is due to vitamins A, C, E, carotenoids, enzymes, lactoferin, sulfur-containing amino acids. One of the most powerful natural antioxidants is ascorbic acid, which is able to absorb superoxide anion radicals, alkoxyl radicals, superoxide, iron oxide, nitric oxide. Group E vitaminsare described, being the primary fat-soluble antioxidants. Among this group of substances, the most biologically active form is ?-tocopherol. The contribution of carotenoids to antioxidant protection has been determined. Beta carotene is considered as a preventive antioxidant, as it can block singlet oxygen which ishighly toxic. The mechanisms of antioxidant action of various enzymes are disclosed. Xanthioxidase has been shown to oxidize various aldigides and purine bases to the corresponding acids. Lactoperoxidase catalyzes the oxidation of thiocyanate with hydrogen peroxide to form thiociagen. Catalase oxidizes hydrogen peroxide to form water and molecular oxygen. Glutathione peroxidase is capable of rapidly removing hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides. The mechanism of the antioxidant action of lactoferrin is described which is based on iron the chelation by it. The functions of sulfur-containing amino acids due to the binding of free radicals are disclosed. Determining the total antioxidant activity can be a biomarker of its biological value, which will allow to choose the most perspective areas of milk processing..</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молоко</kwd><kwd>антиоксидантные свойства</kwd><kwd>витамин С</kwd><kwd>токоферолы</kwd><kwd>каротиноиды</kwd><kwd>лактоферрин</kwd><kwd>ферменты</kwd><kwd>ксантиноксидаза</kwd><kwd>лактопероксидаза</kwd><kwd>каталаза</kwd><kwd>глутатионпероксидаза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>antioxidant properties</kwd><kwd>vitamin C</kwd><kwd>tocopherols</kwd><kwd>carotenoids</kwd><kwd>lactoferrin</kwd><kwd>enzymes</kwd><kwd>xanthine oxidase</kwd><kwd>lactoperoxidase</kwd><kwd>catalase</kwd><kwd>glutathione peroxidase</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Донская Г.А., Асафов В.А., Андреева Е.А. 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