vguitВестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологийProceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies2226-910X2310-1202VSUET10.20914/2310-1202-2021-1-323-329vguit-2727Research ArticleХимическая технологияFundamental and Applied chemistry, chemical technologyИсследование качества воды в процессе ее очистки с использованием ультрафильтрации методом дифференциально-сканирующей калориметрииInvestigation of the quality of water in the process of its purification using ultrafiltration by the method of differential scanning calorimetryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9510-5168СарановИ. А.SaranovI. A.

к.т.н., доцент, кафедра информационной безопасности, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия

Cand. Sci. (Engin.), associate professor, information security department, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia

mr.saranov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-3061НифталиевС. И.NiftalievS. I.

д.х.н., профессор, кафедра неорганической химии и химической технологии, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия)

Dr. Sci. (Chem.), professor, inorganic chemistry and chemical technology department, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh

niftaliev@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6448-5586ТоропцевВ. В.ToroptsevV. V.

к.т.н., доцент, кафедра машин и аппаратов пищевых производств, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия)

Cand. Sci. (Engin.), associate professor, machines and apparatuses of food production department , Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh

vsworkmail@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1780-960XКузнецовИ. А.KuznetsovI. A.

магистрант, кафедра неорганической химии и химической технологии, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия

master student, inorganic chemistry and chemical technology department, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh

kuza7771995@gmail.comВоронежский государственный университет инженерных технологийРоссияVoronezh State University of Engineering TechnologiesRussian Federation202119042021831323329Copyright © Саранов И.А., Нифталиев С.И., Торопцев В.В., Кузнецов И.А., 20212021Саранов И.А., Нифталиев С.И., Торопцев В.В., Кузнецов И.А.Saranov I.A., Niftaliev S.I., Toroptsev V.V., Kuznetsov I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2727

Возросший интерес к технологии ультрафильтрации в последнее десятилетие вызван поиском новых методов очистки, позволяющих получать питьевую воду высокого качества, отвечающую современным нормативным требованиям. Современные схемы очистки воды используют установку ультрафильтрации перед обратным осмосом в схемах умягчения, опреснения и обессоливания воды для пищевого производства. Размер пор ультрафильтрационных мембран лежит в пределах от 5 нм до 0,05–0,1 мкм. Используя ультрафильтрацию вместо традиционной схемы водоподготовки, можно получить воду с низким содержанием взвешенных и коллоидных веществ, повысить производительность и продолжительность службы обратноосмотических мембран. Схема водоподготовки может содержать следующие модули: фильтр грубой очистки; ультрафильтрационную установку, емкость буферную; смеситель; сборник воды; установку обратного осмоса; насосы. Метод дифференциально-сканирующей микроскопии использован для оценки качества воды в процессе ее очистки. Пробы воды охлаждали жидким азотом до -30 ?, а затем нагревали до 30 ?. На кривых ДСК фиксировали пики плавления кристаллов, рассчитывали тепловой эффект. В процессе очистки воды снижается значение теплового эффекта плавления замороженных образцов воды (от 515,1 до 261,2 Дж/г), значение температур начала (от 0,7 до -0,13 ?) и пика плавления кристаллов (от 7,45 до 4,27 ?). Небольшая разница между данными тепловых эффектов плавления образцов воды после грубой фильтрации и ультрафильтрации свидетельствует о том, что установка ультрафильтрации пропускает катионы и анионы, это сохраняет солевой баланс воды.

The increased interest in ultrafiltration technology in the last decade is caused by the search for new purification methods that allow obtaining high-quality drinking water that meets modern regulatory requirements. Modern water purification schemes use an ultrafiltration unit before reverse osmosis in softening, desalination and demineralization of water for food production. The pore size of ultrafiltration membranes ranges from 5 nm to 0.05-0.1 microns. Using ultrafiltration instead of the traditional water treatment scheme, makes it possible to obtain water with a low content of suspended and colloidal substances, increase the productivity and serviceability of reverse osmosis membranes. The water treatment scheme may contain the following modules: coarse filter; ultrafiltration unit, buffer tank; mixer; water container; reverse osmosis installation; pumps. The method of differential scanning microscopy is used to assess the quality of water during its purification. Water samples were cooled with liquid nitrogen to -30 ? and then heated to 30 ?. Crystals melting peaks were recorded on the DSC curves, and the thermal effect was calculated. During the water purification process, the value of the thermal effect of frozen water samples melting declines (from 515.1 to 261.2 J / g), the value of the temperatures at the onset (from 0.7 to -0.13 ?) and at the peak of crystal melting (from 7.45 up to 4.27 ?). The difference between the heat effect data for water samples after coarse filtration and ultrafiltration is small, which indicates that the ultrafiltration unit allows cations and anions to pass through, which preserves the salt balance of water.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.