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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vguit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-910X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VSUET</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20914/2310-1202-2021-4-70-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vguit-2862</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Пищевая  биотехнология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Food biotechnology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цианобактерии – перспективные объекты биотехнологии и медицины</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cyanobacteria - promising objects of biotechnology and medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6247-5288</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Искусных</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskusnykh</surname><given-names>O. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., соискатель , кафедра биохимии и биотехнологии, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Сand Sci. (Biol.), applicant, biochemistry and biotechnology department, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleisk@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-7749</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Искусных</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskusnykh</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., ассистент, кафедра биохимии, Студенческая, 10, Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Сand Sci. (Biol.), assistent, biochemistry department, 10 Studencheskaya, Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annaiskus@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-2652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Искусных</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iskusnykh</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра технологии хлебопекарного, кондитерского, макаронного и зерноперера-батывающего производств, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student, technology of bakery, confectionery, pasta and grain processing industries department, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iskusnuhd@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н.Бурденко</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>83</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Искусных О.Ю., Искусных А.Ю., Искусных Д.О., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Искусных О.Ю., Искусных А.Ю., Искусных Д.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Iskusnykh O.Y., Iskusnykh A.Y., Iskusnykh D.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2862">https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/2862</self-uri><abstract><p>Цианобактерии – древнейшие микроорганизмы, способные к фотосинтезу и азотфиксации. Широкая распространенность и высокая приспособляемость цианобактерий обеспечивается вторичными метаболитами различной химической природы. Среди них поликетиды, нерибосомные пептиды, небелковые аминокислоты, липополисахариды, алкалоиды, терпеноиды и другие с широким спектром биологической активности. В цианобактериях заключен огромный потенциал для открытия новых природных молекул, изучения путей их биосинтеза, разработки новых фармацевтических препаратов, их клинического применения. Преимущество цианобактерий как микробного источника для открытия лекарств заключается в экономии их культивирования с использованием простых неорганических питательных веществ по сравнению с другими микроорганизмами. Раскрытие потенциала цианобактерий требует применения передовых методов биотехнологии и синтетической биологии, что связано с необходимостью модификации вторичных метаболитов цианобактерий для получения широкого спектра ценных соединений. Биологическая очистка с применением микроводорослей – одно из наиболее перспективных направлений биотехнологии очистки сточных вод, характеризующееся высокой эффективностью, простотой, экологичностью. Проблемой остается получение штаммов, толерантных к высоким концентрациям углекислого газа и эвтофным условиям культивирования на животноводческих стоках. Сложность представляет также интеграция биотехнологий на основе цианобактерий в цикл очистки и переработки отходов животноводства. Работа в этом направлении в настоящее время продолжается. Использование методов современной биотехнологии позволит использовать цианобактерии для биодеградации загрязнений, в том числе отходов животноводства, производства эффективных нетоксичных и относительно недорогих лекарственных средств, способных преодолеть лекарственную резистентность и повысить эффективность лечения, а также наночастиц, молекулярного водорода, и решения других практических задач экологии, биотехнологии, медицины.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cyanobacteria are the oldest microorganisms capable of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. The wide prevalence and high adaptability of cyanobacteria is provided by secondary metabolites of various chemical nature. Among them are polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides, non-protein amino acids, lipopolysaccharides, alkaloids, terpenoids and others with a wide range of biological activity. Cyanobacteria have a huge potential for discovering new natural molecules, studying the ways of their biosynthesis, developing new pharmaceuticals, and their clinical application. The advantage of cyanobacteria as a microbial source for drug discovery is the economy of their cultivation using simple inorganic nutrients compared to other microorganisms. Unlocking the potential of cyanobacteria requires the use of advanced methods of biotechnology and synthetic biology, which is associated with the need to modify the secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria to obtain a wide range of valuable compounds. Biological treatment using microalgae is one of the most promising areas of biotechnology for wastewater treatment, characterized by high efficiency, simplicity, and environmental friendliness. The problem remains to obtain strains that are tolerant to high concentrations of carbon dioxide and eutopic cultivation conditions in cattle-breeding effluents. Integration of cyanobacterial-based biotechnologies into the cycle of purification and processing of animal waste is also a challenge. Work in this direction is currently ongoing. The use of modern biotechnology methods will allow the use of cyanobacteria for the biodegradation of pollutants, including animal waste, the production of effective non-toxic and relatively inexpensive medicines capable of overcoming drug resistance and improving the effectiveness of treatment, as well as nanoparticles, molecular hydrogen, and solving other practical problems of ecology, biotechnology, medicine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цианобактерии</kwd><kwd>метаболиты</kwd><kwd>цианотоксины</kwd><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>спирулина</kwd><kwd>лекарства</kwd><kwd>отходы</kwd><kwd>биотехнология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cyanobacteria</kwd><kwd>metabolites</kwd><kwd>cyanotoxins</kwd><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>spirulina</kwd><kwd>drugs</kwd><kwd>waste</kwd><kwd>biotechnology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чащин В.П., Гудков А.Б., Попова О.Н., Одланд И.О., Ковшов А.А. 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