vguitВестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологийProceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies2226-910X2310-1202VSUET10.20914/2310-1202-2023-2-216-225vguit-3302Research ArticleХимическая технологияFundamental and Applied chemistry, chemical technologyОбзор: биодеградируемые упаковочные пленочные материалыOverview: Biodegradable Packaging Film Materialshttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-9586-0607АлександроваЛ. В.AlexandrovaL. V.

аспирант, , Кронверкский пр., д. 49, г. Санкт-Петербург, 197101, Россия

graduate student, chemical engineering center, Kronverksky Av., 49, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia

lidia.aleksandrova97@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2510-2639УспенскаяМ. В.UspenskayaM. V.

д.т.н., профессор, центр химической инженерии, Кронверкский пр., д. 49, г. Санкт-Петербург, 197101, Россия

Dr. Sci. (Engin.), professor, chemical engineering center, Kronverksky Av., 49, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia

mv_uspenskaya@itmo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9688-2578ИшевскийА. Л.IshevskyA. L.

к.э.н., инженер, центр химической инженерии, Кронверкский пр., д. 49, г. Санкт-Петербург, 197101, Россия

Cand. Sci. (Econ.), professor, chemical engineering center, Kronverksky Av., 49, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia

ishev.53@mail.ruНациональный исследовательский университет ИТМОРоссияNational Research University ITMORussian Federation202302092023852216225Copyright © Александрова Л.В., Успенская М.В., Ишевский А.Л., 20232023Александрова Л.В., Успенская М.В., Ишевский А.Л.Alexandrova L.V., Uspenskaya M.V., Ishevsky A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/3302

В настоящее время биопластики, представляющие собой пластмассы на биологической основе (биодеградируемые/небиодеградируемые), составляют около 1% от примерно 390 миллионов тонн пластика, производимого ежегодно. Однако по мере роста спроса и появления более сложных материалов, продуктов рынок биопластика уже растет очень динамично. Технологии получения биодеградируемых гибких полимерных упаковочных материалов стремительно развиваются в США, Европе. В России разработка технологий по созданию такого рода упаковочных материалов находится в стадии становления. Биодеградируемые упаковочные материалы производятся промышленными предприятиями из изначально биодеградируемых крахмала, полимолочной кислоты, целлюлозы. Также существуют биокомпозитные материалы, создаваемые путем смешения полимера с наполнителем, вводимым для улучшения физико-механических свойств и удешевления конечного продукта. Получение биодеградируемых полимерных материалов биотехнологическим путем является не выгодным дорогостоящим процессом. Традиционные синтетические пластики, получаемые из продуктов переработки нефти, даже с добавлением специальных добавок/присадок (в том числе с использованием оксобиоразлагаемых добавок) нуждаются в дополнительных условиях компостирования. В данной статье проведен анализ рынка упаковочной биодеградируемой продукции и рассмотрены основные пути получения биодеградируемых полимерных гибких упаковочных материалов на основе полимеров, получаемых непосредственно из природного материала. Большое количество исследований посвящено химической модификации таких полимеров, что позволяет получить гибкие упаковочные материалы с улучшенными физико-механическими характеристиками по сравнению с исходными и не уступающими традиционным синтетическим пластикам.

Currently, bioplastics, which are bio-based (biodegradable/non-biodegradable) plastics, account for about 1% of the approximately 390 million tons of plastic produced annually. But as demand is rising, and with more new materials demerging, the market is already growing very dynamically. Europe ranks the 1st place in the field of research and development of bioplastics. About a fifth part of the world’s volume of such materials, produce here. The development of such technologies in Russia goes slowly. Biodegradable plastics are mainly produced from starch, polylactic acid and cellulose. Moreover, all of components are biodegradable. So-called biocomposites are also available, which are a mixture of a polymer with a filler introduced in order to reduce the cost of materials and/or to improve the chemical-mechanical properties of the product. The obtaining of biodegradable packaging materials by fermentation process is very expensive. Traditional synthetic plastics with biodegradable additives introduced into them need special composting conditions. In this article, there is the market’s analysis of the packaging biodegradable products. It also contains the ways to obtain such products from natural raw materials. A large number of studies are devoted to the chemical modification of such polymers, which makes it possible to obtain flexible packaging materials with improved physical and mechanical characteristics compared to the original and not inferior to traditional synthetic plastics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.