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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vguit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-910X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VSUET</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20914/2310-1202-2024-4-178-184</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vguit-3560</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Пищевая  биотехнология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Food biotechnology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние низкогидролизованного поливинилового спирта на неадаптированный биоценоз активного ила</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of low hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol on the unadapted biocenosis of activated sludge</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-4974</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Студеникина</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Studenikina</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент, кафедра промышленной экологии и техносферной безопасности, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engin.), assistant professor, Department of Industrial Ecology and Technosphere Safety, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lubov-churkina@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7212-1627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корчагин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korchagin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра промышленной экологии и техносферной безопасности, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>professor, Department of Industrial Ecology and Technosphere Safety, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvi-vgta@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра промышленной экологии и техносферной безопасности, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">angelikasavina05@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поваляева</surname><given-names>Т. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Povaljatva</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра промышленной экологии и техносферной безопасности, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student, Department of Industrial Ecology and Technosphere Safety, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tanuapovaluaeva_2003@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра промышленной экологии и техносферной безопасности, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr A. Melnikov, student Department of Industrial Ecology and Technosphere Safety, Revolution Av., 19, Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melnikov.shura@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Industrial Ecology and Technosphere Safety</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Студеникина Л.Н., Корчагин В.И., Савина А.А., Поваляева Т.Р., Мельников А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Студеникина Л.Н., Корчагин В.И., Савина А.А., Поваляева Т.Р., Мельников А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Studenikina L.N., Korchagin V.I., Savina A.A., Povaljatva T.R., Melnikov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/3560">https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/3560</self-uri><abstract><p>Область применения водорастворимых пленок в пищевой промышленности включает защитные оболочки пищевых продуктов, в т.ч. индикаторную упаковку, водорастворимые этикетки, эко-пакеты и проч. Основное сырье для производства водорастворимых пленок – это поливиниловый спирт (ПВС), который используется в пищевой промышленности как добавка Е1203 – эмульгатор, влагоудерживатель, глазирующий агент. В настоящее время недостаточно изучен вопрос влияния ПВС на биоценоз активного ила (АИ) очистных сооружений, в которых водорастворимая упаковка обычно заканчивает свой жизненный цикл. Цель работы – оценка влияния низкогидролизованного поливинилового спирта на показатели неадаптированного активного ила очистных сооружений. Объектом исследования был выбран ПВС марки 17-88 в виде 5%-го раствора, который вносили в определенном количестве (0,1 и 0,05 мас.%) в водно-иловую смесь (ВИС) в условиях лабораторных аэротенков. АИ брали с колодца вторичного отстойника городских очистных сооружений. Для оценки влияния ПВС на биоценоз АИ определяли в динамике гидрохимические (ГХ) и гидробиологические (ГБ) показатели ила, а также показатель химического потребления кислорода (ХПК) ВИС. Установлено, что введение ПВС в водно-иловую смесь в концентрациях 0,1 – 0,05 мас.% положительно влияет на ГХ и ГБ показатели неадаптированного активного ила, по сравнению с голодающей ВИС, в которую не вносили ПВС, оказывая флокулирующий эффект и способствуя улучшению седиментационных свойств АИ, а также сохранению видового разнообразия за счет содержания питательных веществ. Установлено, что пороговая концентрация содержания ПВС в водно-иловой смеси составляет 0,15 мас.% (что соответствует значениям ХПК около 2500 мгО2/л)), более концентрированные растворы за счет высокого пенообразования и высокого значения ХПК способствуют выносу биомассы и ухудшению ГХ и ГБ показателей АИ. Установлено, что в первые  сутки взаимодействия ПВС и АИ происходит изъятие из ВИС около 20-30 % массы полимера (предположительно, за счет сорбции на внеклеточном матриксе АИ), что подтверждается снижением значения ХПК, и далее наблюдается стабилизация значения ХПК исследуемых систем до 7 суток проведения эксперимента.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The field of application of water-soluble films in the food industry includes protective shells of food products, including indicator packaging, water-soluble labels, eco-bags for storing dry and frozen products, etc. The main raw material for the production of water–soluble films is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which is used in the food industry as an additive E1203 – emulsifier, moisture retention, glazing agent. Currently, the issue of the effect of PVA on the biocenosis of activated sludge (AS) of wastewater treatment plants, in which water-soluble packaging usually ends its life cycle, has not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the work is to assess the effect of low-hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol on the indicators of unadapted activated sludge of wastewater treatment plants. The object of the study was selected PVA grade 17-88 in the form of a 5% solution, which was introduced in a certain amount into an aqueous-silt mixture (ASM) under laboratory conditions of aerotanks (0.1 and 0.05 wt.%). AS was taken from the well of the secondary settling tank of urban wastewater treatment plants. To assess the effect of PVA on the biocenosis of AS, hydrochemical (GC) and hydrobiological (GB) indicators of sludge, as well as the indicator of chemical oxygen consumption of ASM, were determined in dynamics. It was found that the introduction of PVA into an aqueous-silt mixture at concentrations of 0.1 – 0.05 wt.% has a positive effect on GC and GB indicators of unadapted activated sludge, compared with starving ASM, which was not injected with PVA, having a flocculating effect and contributing to the improvement of sedimentation properties of AS, as well as the preservation of species diversity due to the content of nutrients. It was found that the threshold concentration of PVA content in the aqueous-silt mixture is 0.15 wt.% (which corresponds to chemical oxygen consumption values of about 2500 mgO2/l)), more concentrated solutions due to high foaming and high chemical oxygen consumption values contribute to the removal of biomass and deterioration of GC and GB AS indicators. It was found that on the first day of interaction of PVA and AS, about 20-30% of the polymer mass is withdrawn from the ASM (presumably due to sorption on the extracellular matrix of AS), which is confirmed by a decrease in the value of chemical oxygen consumption, and further stabilization of the chemical oxygen consumption value of the studied systems is observed up to 7 days of the experiment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поливиниловый спирт</kwd><kwd>биоценоз активного ила</kwd><kwd>водорастворимая упаковка</kwd><kwd>водорастворимые пленки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyvinyl alcohol</kwd><kwd>biocenosis of activated sludge</kwd><kwd>water-soluble packaging</kwd><kwd>water-soluble films</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Губанова М.И., Баженов Н.С., Кирш И.А., Банникова О.А. и др. 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