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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vguit</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Воронежского государственного университета инженерных технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-910X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1202</issn><publisher><publisher-name>VSUET</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20914/2310-1202-2025-1-157-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vguit-3630</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Пищевые системы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Food systems</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование защищенных белковых добавок в кормлении коров: цели применения, влияние на физиологические показатели животных и экономическую эффективность производства молока (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Use of protected protein supplements in cow feeding: purposes of application, impact on physiological parameters of animals and economic efficiency of milk production (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perova</surname><given-names>N. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, кафедра генетики, цитологии и биоинженерии, Университетская пл., 1, г. Воронеж, 394018, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Universiteskaya Sq., 1 Voronezh, 394018, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nataliy3103@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-4509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калаев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalaev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор, кафедра генетики, цитологии и биоинженерии, Университетская пл., 1, г. Воронеж, 394018, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Bio.), professor, Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Universiteskaya Sq., 1 Voronezh, 394018, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_huixs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальцева</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maltseva</surname><given-names>O. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент, кафедра биохимии и биотехнологии, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engin.), assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksenia2002@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2360-5892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор, кафедра бродильных и сахаристых производств, пр-т Революции, 19, г. Воронеж, 394036, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Engin.), professor, Department of Fermentation and Sugar Production, Revolution Av., 19 Voronezh, 394036, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noviv@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>157</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Перова Н.А., Калаев В.Н., Мальцева О.Ю., Новикова И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Перова Н.А., Калаев В.Н., Мальцева О.Ю., Новикова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Perova N.А., Kalaev V.N., Maltseva O.Y., Novikova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/3630">https://www.vestnik-vsuet.ru/vguit/article/view/3630</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение защищённых белковых добавок в рационы высокопродуктивных коров является одной из современных стратегий повышения эффективности животноводства. Эти добавки представляют собой белки, защищённые от протеолиза в рубце и поступающие непосредственно в тонкий отдел кишечника, что способствует их более полному усвоению и повышению продуктивности животных. В данной обзорной статье рассмотрены основные механизмы действия защищённых белков, их биологические эффекты, а также особенности использования добавок на основе соевого и подсолнечного сырья. Анализ литературных данных показывает, что включение данных добавок в корм способствует увеличению продуктивности коров: улучшает показатели молочной продуктивности, положительно влияет на состав молока и способствует поддержанию физиологического состояния животных. Кроме того, защищённые белковые добавки позволяют повысить усвояемость аминокислот, снизить уровень потерь протеина, оптимизировать затраты на кормление и обеспечить стабильный уровень производства молока даже в условиях высоких нагрузок. В статье обсуждаются сравнительные характеристики различных видов защищённого белка, их эффективность и экономическая целесообразность применения в кормлении. Проанализированы технологии производства защищённых белков, выявлены ключевые преимущества различных методов защиты белка от разрушения в рубце, включая термическую обработку, химическую модификацию, инкапсуляцию и экструзию. Рассмотрены перспективы дальнейшего внедрения указанных добавок в молочное животноводство с учётом их влияния на здоровье животных, качество продукции и необходимость уточнения оптимальных дозировок. Особое внимание уделено экологическим аспектам, таким как снижение выбросов азота благодаря оптимизации протеинового обмена. Сделаны выводы о значении защищённых белковых добавок для повышения продуктивности высокопродуктивных коров и оптимизации их кормления, что способствует устойчивому, высокоэффективному и экологически безопасному производству молока на современном уровне сельского хозяйства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The introduction of protected protein supplements into the diets of high-yielding cows is one of the modern strategies for enhancing livestock efficiency. These supplements consist of proteins protected from degradation in the rumen and delivered directly to the small intestine, promoting their more complete absorption and increasing animal productivity. This review article examines the primary mechanisms of action of protected proteins, their biological effects, and the specific features of using supplements derived from soybean and sunflower raw materials. An analysis of literary data demonstrates that incorporating these supplements into feed increases cow productivity, improves milk production metrics, positively affects milk composition, and supports the physiological condition of the animals. Furthermore, protected protein supplements enhance amino acid digestibility, reduce protein losses, optimize feeding costs, and ensure a stable milk production level even under high-performance demands. The article discusses the comparative characteristics of different types of protected proteins, their effectiveness, and the economic feasibility of their use in feeding. An analysis of the production technologies for protected proteins is conducted, identifying the key advantages of various methods for protecting protein from rumen degradation, including thermal processing, chemical modification, encapsulation, and extrusion. The prospects for further integrating these supplements into dairy farming are explored, considering their impact on animal health, product quality, and the need to refine optimal dosages. Particular attention is given to environmental aspects, such as reducing nitrogen emissions through optimized protein metabolism. Conclusions are drawn regarding the significance of protected protein supplements in enhancing the productivity of high-yielding cows and optimizing their feeding, contributing to sustainable, highly efficient, and environmentally safe milk production at the modern agricultural level.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>защищенные белки</kwd><kwd>кормление коров</kwd><kwd>молочная продуктивность</kwd><kwd>соевый белок</kwd><kwd>подсолнечный белок</kwd><kwd>биологическая доступность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>protected proteins</kwd><kwd>cow feeding</kwd><kwd>milk productivity</kwd><kwd>soybean protein</kwd><kwd>sunflower protein</kwd><kwd>bioavailability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волгин В.И., Романенко Л.В., Прохоренко П.Н., Федорова З.Л., Корочкина Е.А. 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