Approaches to the creation of favorable conditions for innovative activity development in the history of the development of the economy

Abstract

At different stages of economic development interest in terms of improvement of innovative activity on the part of researchers is different. It is mediated by the level of economic development: if in the beginning of XX century, foreign researchers, problems of economic development based on innovative activities are considered as processes of innovation, the classical theory of economic development with the creation of favorable conditions for rational activity was due to the individualistic behavior of the subject when an individual keeping in mind only their own interest, to pursue their own benefit. But supporters of Keynesianism showed that a stable growth rate in the economy is ensured by the use of factors of production, i.e. full utilization of the workforce with a combination of guaranteed and natural factors. Post-Keynesians (John Robinson, N. Kaldor, L. Pasinetti and John Krigel), suggested his own concept of economic development, which was based from the point of view of development of innovations in the factors of the combination of technological progress and institutional factors. Modern researchers enabling environment improvement innovation associate them with technocratic and industrial development. Development. At the same technocratic development includes the development of technical and intellectual processes in the economy. Conditions of improvement of innovative activity is a complex interaction between the innovators (enterprises, laboratories, research institutes, educational institutions, individuals), investors, manufacturers of competitive products (services) and infrastructure of their interaction among themselves and the market. The main condition for all these factors of improvement of innovative activity are investments.