As part of the production practice in LLC «Expert-Agro» developed a geographic information system (GIS) for the supply and maintenance of the produced elevator equipment. In the MS Access system, a database of customers has been formed that contains the names of enterprises, addresses and coordinates of their location, contact information, information on orders (purchase, delivery and installation of equipment, maintenance of existing equipment, repair work, etc.). At the same time, a message is automatically generated when the day of completion of the order approaches, which allows you to control the efficiency of working with customers and, if necessary, extend the lead time of the order. In the MS Visual Studio integrated environment, using the gmap.Net library, geolocation was implemented to display customers on the map, which makes it possible to assess the geography of LLC «Expert-Agro» and plan further expansion of interaction. Controlling the location of customers also provides a solution to logistical problems for the supply of equipment. The system additionally provides for the selection of process parameters sensors, actuators, control controllers with input / output modules and other devices for automating the supplied equipment. At present, the GIS database is being filled with information on manufactured equipment and devices that are used in standard automation projects.

The use of preparatory electrophysical methods of influencing food raw materials is one of the main trends in the development of innovative processes and technologies in the food and processing industry. Based on the physical effect of electron emission from a thermal emission source, a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) was obtained, which was successfully applied to the grain material. Physical characteristics and evolution of low-temperature atmospheric plasma were considered as the main methods of analysis of electrophysical effects. To assess the effect of low-temperature plasma on grain material, measurements of water absorption capacity and analysis of surface modification by electron scanning microscopy were carried out. It has been experimentally established that CAP treatment contributes to a more intensive process of water absorption due to changes in the surface structure of the grain material. The total duration of the process of water absorption of grain material after processing of CAP decreased by more than three times until the equilibrium moisture content was reached. Scanning electron microscopy has shown that the processing of CAP leads to the appearance of a fine-mesh structure of the surface of the grain material. The effect of CAP treatment leads to modification of the seed surface, which consists in the manifestation of a fine-meshed structure on the surface of the seeds. Taking into account the advantages of CAP technology, namely the absence of the need for vacuuming and short processing time, the technology has a high practical potential.

Human-machine interface tools remain one of the components of production automation systems. Appearance and functional abilities cannot stand still in the same way as automation, in this regard, one of the important aspects of food production automation is highlighted in this paper – a human-machine interface aimed at improving the operator's workplace. At the dispatcher level of automation, it is necessary to provide for the solution of the entire range of tasks set during the implementation of this project. The objectives of the project are to reduce the time for decision-making by personnel, since the effectiveness of the enterprise partially depends on the speed of the task, notification of hazards and violations, as well as the prevention of emergency and abnormal situations during the evaporation of milk, storage and archiving of data on the course of the process necessary for the preparation of reports used to investigate the causes of any emergency when evaporating milk. The project of the human-machine interface of the milk evaporation process, developed in the TRACE MODE environment, is presented. A feature of TRACE MODE is the technology of a single programming line, that is, the ability to develop all the ACS modules using a single tool. In the developed project of the human-machine interface of the milk evaporation process, it is assumed to use two main operator stations and one backup. Two of them are for operator workstations and a backup one used in emergency situations. The developed project in the TRACE MODE environment makes it possible to improve the workplace of the operator of the vacuum evaporation plant, reduce the time required for response and decision-making by personnel. In addition, the automatic alarm system allows you to reduce the number of defective products, and, accordingly, increase output and reduce the cost of production per unit of raw materials. The developed project fully satisfies the technical task and has been put into production.

In the mathematical modeling of membrane processes, the study of the structural features of the membranes used and the significant limitation of information in the formal description of their separation properties led to the development of physical models that take into account not only the structural features of real membranes, but also their functioning features. When compiling physical models of membrane processes, it is impossible to objectively carry out a quantitative accounting of most factors due to their great diversity and variability, which distances the mathematical model far from the real process. This is why CFD methods reliably and efficiently perform calculations for all physical models and types, including steady or transient flow, incompressible or compressible flow (from small subsonic to hypersonic), laminar or turbulent flow simulations, Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluids, ideal or real gas . The authors analyzed the possibility of using CFD to calculate the hydrodynamics of flows in a membrane bioreactor based on hollow fibers. Safarov R.R. etc., an electronic geometric model of the installation was built, mesh geometry with different densities was selected to optimize the calculation time and solution accuracy for a specific case, the kinetic dependence of cell growth was calculated, the flow rates of the nutrient medium into the intrafiber and interfiber spaces of the bioreactor were determined, and the hydrodynamic conditions were analyzed. All of the above confirms the prospects for using CFD methods for modeling membrane processes complicated by culturing cells on the surface of membranes.

Processing of agricultural products plays an important role in providing food to the population of our country. Therefore, increasing productivity in the processing of raw materials is an urgent task, including in the production of meat products. Thus, in the production of minced meat, the replaceable productivity may decrease due to the loss of time for sanitary and hygienic treatment of premises and equipment, which is provided for by regulatory documents. During the production of minced meat, meat juice can be sprayed on the surrounding objects and walls of the room, which aggravates their sanitary and hygienic treatment. It is possible to eliminate the spraying of meat juice by improving the equipment used for the production of minced meat. To reduce the splashing of meat juice in the production of minced meat, the article proposes a meat grinder with a vertical screw arrangement, for which a patent for a utility model has been obtained. The vertical output of minced meat allows you to limit the spraying within the container for the finished product. At the same time, the distance between the grate of the meat grinder and the container for the finished product should be maximum, but in such a way as to almost completely exclude the ingress of splashes of meat juice outside the container. To determine this distance (the height of the meat grinder installation above the container), the corresponding theoretical prerequisites are proposed on the basis of the developed calculation scheme and the well-known mathematical apparatus. Formulas have been obtained for determining the maximum distance from the clamping nut of the meat grinder to the upper edge of the container, excluding splashes of meat juice outside the container. The maximum distance depends on the geometric dimensions of the grate of the meat grinder and the container for the finished product. A dependence is also derived to determine the minimum diameter of the minced meat container, which excludes the spraying of raw materials beyond its limits. In general, the proposed design of the meat grinder and the justification of its parameters will significantly reduce the spraying of meat juice on surrounding objects. This will reduce the time for sanitary and hygienic processing and, thereby, increase the shift productivity in the production of minced meat.

The data on the development of meat goat breeding are presented and the prospects of this sub-branch of animal husbandry in obtaining meat products are shown. The dynamics of electrical impedance of goat meat during autolysis is presented. For carrying out of researches the electrophysical method is offered, allowing on the basis of measurement of amplitude of a signal on a sample, phase shift between fluctuations of current and voltage in a circuit to calculate active and reactive components of impedance of a sample of meat and then, according to the equivalent electric scheme of a sample, to find parameters of this scheme - values of electric resistances and capacitances. The object of the study was the longest muscle of the back of goat meat, which has a special value for the production of meat food products, including functional purpose. Measurements were carried out in the frequency range of 10-100000 Hz. It was found that the modulus of complex resistance of muscle tissue samples decreases during storage time, and the phase angle dependence on frequency at frequencies 10 - 500 Hz shifts towards higher frequencies with time, with the value of the extremum at frequencies around 50000 Hz decreasing. Analysis of the dependence of the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the sample on the time of autolysis shows that these changes are associated with the synthesis of adenosine triphosphoric acid in the first hours after slaughter and an increase in the permeability of cell membranes. The results of the analysis have similarity with indicators in the study of microstructure and changes in the hydrogen index of meat during autolysis. The presented data can be used as a basis for the creation of electrophysical express-method of autolysis control and prediction of functional and technological properties of systems of animal origin.

Currently, the range of flour confectionery products for nursing women is not large, although this group of the population needs specialized food products. The aim of the work is to develop a functional sugar cookie using non-traditional types of flour for feeding nursing women. The object of study was a traditional sugar cookie. It was decided to improve the biological and nutritional value by adding non-traditional flour varieties to the recipe. Pumpkin seed flour and soy flour are rich in essential amino acids and minerals. Experimental samples were baked with different dosages of pumpkin and soy flour in the composition. By the method of organoleptic tasting, a sample with a ratio of wheat, soy and pumpkin flour, respectively, 70:20:10, was selected for further research. To improve the flavor characteristics of the product, it was decided to add a liquid extract of roasted chicory. When using 100 g of sugar cookies, the daily energy needs are covered by 15%. The needs for carbohydrates are covered by 10%, in fats by 25%, and in proteins by 12%. Cookies contain a large amount of vitamin E 22% and vitamin K 25% of the daily value. Trace elements are also contained in sufficient quantities: 34% copper, 29% manganese, 20% magnesium, 19% phosphorus. The coefficient of biological value of proteins is higher than that of traditional sugar cookies. The biological efficiency of lipids is quite high. The indicators for PUFA are high, however, the score for NLC and oleic acid is close to the "ideal lipid".

Currently, in the technology of flour confectionery products, it is important to use non-traditional types of raw materials of plant origin. Therefore, in this work, spinach was used as an enricher in biscuit roll, since it is rich in vitamins and minerals, which increases the nutritional value of the product. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of spinach puree on organoleptic characteristics, chemical composition, nutritional and energy value of flour confectionery. We used generally accepted methods for studying the quality indicators of finished products. The chemical composition of the roll was determined by standard methods. The nutritional and energy value of the cake, the degree of coverage of the daily requirement for nutrients was calculated using the «COMPLEX» program developed at the Department of Technology of Bakery, Confectionery, Pasta and Grain Processing VSUETAnalysis of the results revealed that the prototype had the best organoleptic characteristics. The calculation of nutritional value showed that the use of 100 g of biscuit roll due to its chemical composition will ensure the degree of satisfaction of the daily intake of an average of protein by 7.5%, fat - 20%, carbohydrates - 12%, dietary fiber - 8.3%, mineral substances - 0.8-41.5%, vitamins - 5-83.5%. Thus, a biscuit roll of increased nutritional value was obtained due to its enrichment with spinach puree, which will expand the range of flour confectionery products.

The results of a study of the importance of fish and fish dishes for a healthy diet are presented. Fish is a source of omega3 and omega6 fatty acids, which are a building material for brain cells and also help reduce bad cholesterol in the blood. Eating fish helps in the normalization of the thyroid gland – all because of the high content of iodine. The presence of trace elements in fish allows you to normalize the metabolism in the human body. The purpose of the development of new food products is to justify the use and regulatory regulation of the quality of fish dishes based on the nutritional and energy value of the main raw materials and additives of plant origin. The article defines the classification of fish by fat content, including cod, and gives examples of fatty (from 8% or more containing fat), medium-fat (from 4% to 8% fat) and low-fat (no more than 4% fat) fish species. Calculations of the nutritional and energy value of the fish dish "Marinated Cod" are presented and a comparison of the obtained results with the value of the dish of vegetable components "Croquettes of pasta with champignons and greens" is given. It has been established that fish dishes, in terms of their nutritional and energy composition, are less caloric and more complete than dishes from mushrooms and pasta, which, in terms of protein content, differ slightly from the dish "Cod under the marinade". However, fish dishes contain all the essential amino acids, so they are more suitable for dietary nutrition. The article also analyzes the regulatory framework governing the quality and safety of fish products in Russia. The basic legal documents regulating the requirements for the quality and safety of fish dishes have been identified.

Today more and more people pay attention to the problem of ecology and sustainable development. One of the most pressing issues is the problem of recycling and disposal of waste, including packaging materials. Today, many manufacturers are introducing new technologies and materials that help reduce the environmental impact on the environment. Biodegradable packaging is one of the ways to reduce the negative impact on the environment, because it does not accumulate in nature and decomposes naturally in a shorter time compared to plastic and combined materials. However, despite its advantages, it is not a universal solution to the problem of environmental sustainability. Its production can be more costly and complex than traditional packaging materials, and there are certain restrictions on its use. This article describes the results of a survey conducted among the residents of the Astrakhan region to identify consumer preferences for the use of biodegradable packaging and packaging materials. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, the target consumer portrait was compiled, and the level of awareness of biodegradable packaging and packaging materials was determined. It was also revealed that the most popular biodegradable materials among consumers are biobaper and bioplastic, and the main factor in choosing packaging is ease of use. Despite the fact that more than 70% of the respondents preferred biodegradable packaging and packaging materials to traditional plastic products, only a few were willing to overpay for this type of packaging, which is a result of the socioeconomic situation in the Astrakhan region.

In regions with an identified imbalance of nutrients necessary for life, the development and optimization of recipes for flour products is relevant. Basically, enrichment is carried out by adding a solution of the necessary component to a dish or enriching food components at the growth stage. In order to increase the safety of the introduced phase, the fixation was carried out by physical immobilization on the surface of biopolymer spouts. The elements were magnesium, zinc and nickel. Natural sorbents chitosan and cellulose were chosen as carriers. The solutions of the compounds of the elements were mixed with the carriers for 30 minutes, after which they were infused for 24 hours. The resulting composition was filtered out and based on the difference in the concentration of the initial solutions with respect to the filtrate, a conclusion was formed about the effectiveness of the immobilization process. As a result of the determination, the successful fixation of a zinc and nickel compound on the chitosan surface was established. Cellulose demonstrated weak retention of immobilized components. The reason for this is the weak mechanical strength of the selected conditions. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were formed about the effectiveness of the selected carriers.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the rate of mayonnaise resistance to oxidative poisoning, depending on the combination of polymer films used in doy-pack packaging, and its storage modes. The object of the study was mayonnaise with a mass fraction of fat of 67%. In the course of the studies, packaging with a combination of PET12/PE90 films was used; PET12/PE100; PET12/PE110; PET12/PE120; PET12/PE130; PET12/RE_VBS120; PETp12/PE120; RETFp12/RE_VBS120, including those with a "transparent window". The rate of oxidative poisoning was controlled using the indicator "Peroxide number", the values of which were determined by the standard method for 120 days of storage with a frequency of 15 days. Resistance to oxidative poisoning of mayonnaise was determined in the temperature range from +10 to +15°C; from +15 to +25°С and from +25 to +30°С. The results of the study showed that the resistance of mayonnaise to oxidative poisoning is directly dependent on the thickness of the packaging material - the smaller the thickness of the polyethylene, the higher the peroxide value. The combination of PET12/PE120 films used for packaging mayonnaise is able to ensure compliance with the regulated standards in terms of "Peroxide number" in all three studied temperature ranges with different durations: in the range from +25 to +30°C for 45 days, from +15 up to +25°С - for 60 days, and at a temperature from +10 to +15°С for 90 days. The use of high-barrier materials for packing mayonnaise makes it possible to reduce the intensity of the oxidative poisoning process by a factor of 2 or more and thereby increase its shelf life. The presence of a “transparent window” in the design of the packaging material does not significantly affect the intensity of oxidative processes and the shelf life of mayonnaise.

In the course of scientific research the chemical composition, physico-chemical and antioxidant properties of local grape and secondary raw materials of winemaking industry were studied, the technology of sausage production with the addition of grape extract of high nutritional value was substantiated and developed. Information on the antioxidant activity of grape raw materials growing in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan has been obtained. The presence of biologically active substances with antioxidant and antioxidant properties in the grape extract is a promising factor for the introduction of the extract in food products, including meat products, to enrich them with antioxidants. Analyzing the results of the study, we can conclude that the use of 3% grape squeeze extract will enrich meat products with a sufficient amount of antioxidants of natural plant origin. In the course of research it was found that the extract from grape squeeze has a rich dark blue color due to the high content of anthocyanins, which can affect the organoleptic characteristics of the finished meat product, in connection with that the color characteristics of the minced meat samples were analyzed. An important indicator in our scientific research was the preservation of antioxidants in the process of preparation of the extract and introduction into the minced meat. In this regard, the degree of preservation of calculated and actual total content of antioxidants in different objects was further studied. The technology of obtaining new types of food products - sausages, based on the use of grape extracts has been scientifically substantiated. It has been established that within the framework of the modern theory of positive nutrition it is more reasonable to add grape squeeze extract instead of fatty meat raw materials. This allows to enrich sausage products not only with mineral substances, organic and polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, amino acids, pectin substances, but also to obtain biologically valuable meat products based on secondary grape raw materials.

Proper nutrition plays a key role in achieving successful results in physical activity. It not only provides the body with the necessary nutrients, but also helps maintain energy and restore muscles after training. One common nutritional strategy is to distribute nutrients over time. This means it's important to consume a combination of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats regardless of the time of day or workout. However, the proportions of intake of these components can affect the intensity and duration of training. Particular attention should be paid to the post-workout period, as it is considered the most important for nutrient intake and recovery of the body. At this point, the body needs nutrients to repair damaged muscles and energy stores. The correct ratio of nutrients at this time contributes to the improvement of body composition and physical performance. The article provides tips and advice on choosing the right products, taking into account the characteristics of training and individual needs of the body. Advice on nutrient and fluid intake is also provided. It is important to consume enough protein for muscle maintenance and repair, as well as carbohydrates for energy. Proper nutrition is the basis for achieving high results in physical activity, increasing efficiency and effective recovery after training. The purpose of the work is to understand the importance of nutrition in sports and the ability to correctly distribute nutrients, which is an important step towards achieving sports and physical goals.

The article presents the results of experimental studies on the assessment of the content of benzoic, salicylic, sorbic and glycyrrhizic acids in the aqueous-alcoholic extract of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and in its condensed extract (BAA «Erakond»), belonging to the class of preservatives of natural origin. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a Waters Breeze chromatograph (Waters, USA). The content of acids endowed with antiseptic and fungicidal properties in the air-dry raw material of alfalfa was, mg/g: benzoic – 3.2 ± 0.3; salicylic – 1.8 ± 0.2; sorbic – 0.15 ± 0.11; glycyrrhizin – 2.0 ± 0.3. The technology of hydrobaric extraction, used in the industrial production of the dietary supplement «Erakond» from alfalfa, ensured the concentration of the analyzed acids in the finished product: the content of benzoic acid in the dietary supplement «Erakond» was 26.0 ± 3.0 mg/g, salicylic acid – 2.9 ± 0.3 mg/g, sorbic – 0.22 ± 0.03 mg/g, glycyrrhizin – 5.2 ± 0.6 mg/g. The mechanisms of implementation of the antioxidant properties of polyphenolic compounds of alfalfa, which exhibit a synergistic preservative effect together with identified organic acids, are disclosed. Relatively high concentration of polyphenolic compounds in Erakond dietary supplement (naringenin – 0.05 ± 0.0006; rutin – 8 ± 3; licuraside – 3.5 ± 0.4; quercetin – 0.04 ± 0.001; fisetin – 0.35 ± 0.01; naringin – 0.5 ± 0.0006; dihydroquercetin – 0.20 ± 0.002) provides high stability of Eracond-containing food products during long-term storage with preservation of nutritional, taste and biological properties. The combined antiseptic and antioxidant action in vitro of organic acids, polyphenolic compounds, essential oils, coumarins and plant saponins ensures the effectiveness of the use of natural preservatives in food industry technologies.

Stirred bioreactors are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to produce various active substances for the treatment of cancer, heart and vascular diseases, viral and bacterial infections. Despite the widespread use of bioreactors with a stirrer, the optimization of mixing conditions remains an urgent task. In bioreactors of this type, continuous mixing of cells in a medium with a high rotation speed should be carried out. The manuscript considers an example of the use of computational fluid dynamics to study and model the process of cultivation Escherichia coli bacterial cells in a batch bioreactor (NLF, 30 l.). Computational fluid dynamics was used to analyze the hydrodynamic conditions in a bioreactor with a double Rushton turbine stirrer. To describe the movement of flows and evaluate turbulence in a batch bioreactor, the multiphase Euler model and the k-𝜀 turbulence model, respectively, were used, the built-in Ansys Fluent software package. A geometric model was built with the original dimensions of the bioreactor with an NLF 30 stirrer. Based on the geometric model, a computational grid was created for the working volume of the bioreactor and the optimal parameters for constructing the computational grid were selected. As a result of modeling the hydrodynamic regime, the distribution profiles of the turbulence kinetic energy over the volume of the bioreactor were obtained and the velocities of cell movement were found at different speeds of rotation of the stirrer. The obtained results show the possibility and applicability of the Ansys Fluent software package for calculating the hydrodynamic situation in a bioreactor with a stirrer at different stirring rates and at different cell volume fractions.

Bifidobacteria, as representatives of the intestinal microbiocenosis, play an important role in the mechanism of resistance of the macroorganism to various diseases, are producers of biologically active substances with an immunocorregulating effect. The development of technologies for multicomponent bifidum preparations containing physiologically active bifidobacteria cells with a high coefficient of adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and biologically active substances produced by them – enzymes, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, organic acids, etc., is aimed at expanding the range of therapeutic and prophylactic agents. Numerous research works confirm the positive effect of combining animal and plant components in food and their enrichment with probiotic cultures. Soy milk is characterized by a complete absence of lactose and is an indispensable baby food product in case of allergic reactions associated with milk sugar intolerance caused by the absence or decrease in lactase activity in the intestinal mucosa. Lactase deficiency is accompanied by the occurrence of allergic reactions associated with milk sugar intolerance, as well as dysbiosis, which prevents the formation of a normal biocenosis in the intestine, and thus require adequate prevention and correction with probiotic drugs. In this paper, the effect of soy whey on the growth of the strain Bifidobacterium infantis 20088 was studied. A dose of glucose has been selected to ensure the maximum growth rate of bifidobacteria cells. The largest number of viable bifidobacteria cells is observed when 1% glucose is added. In the course of the conducted studies, the composition of the nutrient medium for the production of bacterial concentrate based on soy whey was determined. This set of vital trace elements and vitamins in the medium activates the growth of strains of Bifidobacterium infantis 20088, the number of viable cells is 1012 к.о.е./cm3

Currently, studies on the freezing of semi-finished bakery products and finished bakery products, especially from bioactivated wheat grain, are relevant, since these products have a preventive and functional orientation due to their valuable chemical composition. Therefore, at the first stage, the effect of freezing options on the change in temperature and freezing rate of the semi-finished product was studied, at the second - the organoleptic and physic-chemical quality indicators of bread obtained using different freezing options were evaluated, at the third - the cyclograms of the bread preparation process based on frozen semi-finished products from bioactivated wheat were built. The objects of the study were samples of semi-finished products from bioactivated wheat prepared using four options for freezing semi-finished products: dough after kneading, dough blanks after molding, proofing and with a readiness of 70-75 %. These samples were subjected to shock freezing at a temperature of -35 °C until the temperature in the center reached -18 °C. As a result of the research, three periods of the freezing process were established for dough, dough blanks and semi-baked products made of bioactivated wheat grain. The longest was the duration of freezing to -18 °C of semi–finished products of an increased degree of readiness (option № 4), the shortest was when freezing the dough after kneading (option № 1). The best organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators of the quality of finished products were observed in bread samples prepared according to variants № 1 and № 4. Based on the conducted research, the Icebread bread technology was developed and cyclograms were constructed that visually reflect the main stages of its technological process.

The most stable reference gene in Lactobacillus plantarum was identified. It was found that the expression of the rpoD gene was most stable with the addition of fucoidan and inulin. The level of expression of the usp gene in L. plantarum bacteria increased by 4 times when fucoidan was added compared to the control sample, but when inulin was added to the culture medium, the expression of this gene decreased by 12 times compared to the control sample. The expression of the opuA gene with the addition of fucoidan increased by 6 times compared to the control sample, and with the addition of inulin decreased by 3 times compared to the control sample. The level of expression of the ATP gene in L. plantarum bacteria with the addition of fucoidan increased by 9 times in comparison with control sample. The expression of the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) gene with the addition of fucoidan increased by 2 times compared with the control sample, whereas with the addition of inulin it decreased by 18 times compared to control sample. The expression level of the gacT gene with the addition of fucoidan decreased by more than 50 times compared to the control sample, and with the addition of inulin decreased by 12 times compared to the control sample. There were no significant changes in the expression of the GroEL and hsp1 genes. Thus, based on gene expression data, it can be assumed that when fucoidan is added to the culture medium, catabolic processes in L. plantarum bacteria are activated. It was found that the addition of inulin to the culture medium does not lead to an increase in the expression of catabolism genes in L. plantarum.

The possibility of combining complexly soluble arabinogalactan polysaccharides with chitosan polysaccharides to increase the absorption of biologically active substances and compounds characterized by low bioavailability is being considered. Included in the biologically active biopolymer matrix are chitosan succinate, succinic anhydrite, arabinogalactan and dihydroquercetin, respectively, in quantities, wt. %: 3–5.0; 2.0–4.0; 15.0–20.0 and 3.5 can serve as a targeted carrier for the delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents, including enzymes, nucleic acids, vitamins, hormones, etc. to certain cells, in particular, hepatocytes (liver parenchyma cells). The high membranotropic properties of arabinogalactan isolated from larch have been established, which allows its use to increase the absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of other functionally active ingredients with low bioavailability. The mechanism of this action is associated with the formation of a binding complex between arabinogalactan and the delivered agent, which has the ability to interact with the asialoglycoprotein cell receptor. Studies have been carried out on the possibility of combining arabinogalactan polysaccharides with chitosan polysaccharides to obtain a biopolymer matrix, which includes chitosan succinate, succinic anhydride and arabinogalactan containing dihydroquercetin not covalently bound to it. Along with the above properties, the effectiveness of using arabinogalactan is shown using the example of its use to improve the technological and functional characteristics of broiler chicken meat with PSE traits. The addition of arabinogalactan to the recipe composition of minced meat during the production of sausages, in an amount of 0.5% of the main raw material, increased the moisture-binding capacity by 5% while reducing losses during heat treatment by 6%. There was an improvement in peroxide and acid numbers during storage, which ensures inhibition of oxidative processes and prevents spoilage of finished products.

The article presents the results of experimental data on the development of an immunomodulatory multivitamin complex and the establishment of its role in the antioxidant defense of the body. The research objects were recipe ingredients, laboratory and industrial samples of the developed product. We used generally accepted and special methods for assessing the quality and safety of the developed product. The technology includes: preparation of raw materials, preparation of a mixture for encapsulation, encapsulation and sealing of capsules with gelatin, assessment of the quality of the resulting product. The composition of a new multivitamin composition with targeted antioxidant properties is given, mg / 1 capsule: red palm oil - 432; ascorbic acid - 70; ascorbate palmitate - 10; tocopherol acetate, 98% - 15.3 (vitamin E - 15); beta-carotene, 98% - 5.1 (beta - carotene - 0.5); silicon dioxide (carrier) - 17.6; gelatin capsule - 110. Total weight 660 mg. The functional properties of the developed product were assessed. The components of the developed product in the form of a multivitamin complex had a positive effect on the analyzed parameters of the SF-36 test. According to the test results, the general state of health in the group of volunteers after taking the multivitamin complex increased by 17.2%, while in the control group by only 9.5%, in terms of viability by 7.2 and 3.6% in the experimental and control groups respectively. The innovativeness of the new drug lies in the rejection of inert materials and the use as a carrier of a unique composition of red palm oil, rich, along with fat-soluble vitamins, highly active antioxidants - lycopene and coenzyme Q10. The proposed method of encapsulation in a protective gelatin capsule. This provides a fast action - a water-soluble and prolonged effect - of the fat-soluble fraction.

Meeting the population's needs with high-quality food products is one of the main objectives of agricultural policy. Due to the high import dependence in feed production, the development of new domestic high-protein feed additives that ensure the production of high-quality, dietary and biosafe products is a current area of research. Recently, much attention has been paid to expanding the range of feed crops and obtaining cheaper, competitive poultry products. The leading place among high-protein fodder grasses used to obtain vitamin-grass meal is occupied by alfalfa and clover. In this regard, the work carried out a comparative analysis of the fractional composition of amaranth phytomass in comparison with alfalfa and clover. It has been established that amaranth is not inferior in the amount of nutrients to traditional types of high-protein fodder grasses used to obtain vitamin-herbal flour. The green mass of amaranth is characterized by a high content of crude protein (14.89%), fat (4.33%), and ash (11.15%). In terms of the amount of essential amino acids, amaranth protein is close to an ideal protein, and in terms of the content of arginine (4.52%) and lysine (0.72%) it exceeds these indicators for alfalfa and clover proteins. Thus, a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of the green mass of amaranth, alfalfa and clover showed that amaranth is not inferior to traditional types of forage high-protein grasses in terms of the amount of nutritional components; the protein has a more balanced amino acid composition, close to ideal protein, which characterizes the green mass of amaranth as a promising raw material for producing a high-protein feed additive for quail.

The aim of this work was to determine the structural and functional characteristics of the two main hemp seed proteins, water-soluble albumin and salt-soluble globulin and alkali-soluble glutelin. The extract of 0.1 M CaCl2 protein meal of hemp seeds was subjected to sequential extraction to obtain three fractions: albumin in the aqueous phase and globulin (edestin) and glutelin in the salt phase at pH-9.0. Data on the amino acid composition showed the presence of an increased content of aromatic and hydrophobic residues in the globulin fraction. Gel electrophoresis showed that the albumin fraction had fewer disulfide bonds and therefore a more open (flexible) structure. The analysis of the content of essential amino acids in protein isolate and UV concentrate and its individual fractions was carried out for a general understanding of the ways of their application. The balance of amino acid content in the UV concentrate is close to the “ideal protein” and in the future it is advisable to use it to isolate bioactive peptides. Thus, the results obtained indicate that the processes of mechanical and chemical action on hemp flour provide raw materials with a high protein content, containing all essential amino acids and characterized by a predominant content of the sum of water and salt-soluble fractions. In connection with the identified changes in the properties of the protein obtained by different methods for release from antinutrients in the future, it is planned to pay attention to this issue separately.

Currently, more and more new technologies are being discovered in the food industry and public catering for the production of culinary products from poultry. This type of raw material is very popular among the population, due to its chemical composition and nutritional value. The study of new approaches to the quality and safety of food products for baby food is also an urgent topic. The purpose of this review is to analyze literature sources on new technologies in the production of culinary products from poultry and methods of ensuring safety and quality for the nutrition of children of various age groups. The presented systematic review includes articles from the Scopus, Rsci and Google Scholar databases, limited by the time period from 2011 to 2023, 24 works of highly rated journals are analyzed and divided into three thematic blocks: general studies of semi-finished poultry products, new technologies in the production of culinary products and the safety of culinary products from poultry for children's nutrition different age categories. In the course of the work carried out, various studies of semi-finished poultry products, the impact of new technological techniques on the quality and consumer properties of culinary products, as well as basic research in the field of baby food safety were considered. As a result, a fairly strong experimental and research base in these areas of public catering has been identified. The data of this review will provide invaluable assistance in the development of culinary products from poultry for baby food of various age categories, as well as in the preparation of food rations and the development of technological processes in educational institutions.

The use of plasticizers based on esters of various acids most effectively improves the processing of rubber compounds and the frost resistance of NBR-based rubbers. In this work, as a plasticizer, products based on vegetable raw materials were tested - Phytonorman oils produced by the Biochemical Holding ORGKHIM, which are di- and triglycerides containing fatty acids of tall oil. Model rubber compounds based on BNKS-18AMN contained 10, 20, 30 wt. including eco-oils of the Phytonorman 212 and Phytonorman 213 brands, a mixture without oil and with 10 wt. including dibutyl phthalate (DBPh). To assess the effect of the type and dosage of eco-oils on the properties of rubbers and rubber compounds, methods for studying technological, physical-mechanical and adhesive properties were used. Determination of frost resistance, a comparison was made of methods for determining the glass transition temperature: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermomechanical analysis (TMA, Fourier). When using vegetable oils Phytonorman -212 and Phytonorman -213, the technological properties of rubber compounds are significantly improved compared to the mixture without oil and are on the same level with DBPH traditionally used in nitrile rubbers. It has been established that the introduction of Phytonorman 213 eco-oil into the formulations of rubber compounds based on BNKS 18AMN up to 10 wt. hours allows you to improve the technological parameters, as well as lower the glass transition temperature of rubber. At the same time, the physical and mechanical parameters and adhesive properties of vulcanizates are reduced by an average of 10%. It is also worth noting that rubbers with Phytonorman 213 oil are not inferior to nitrile rubbers with DBPh in terms of basic characteristics, and they are superior in adhesive properties by 27%.

In order to obtain phosphorus fertilizer enriched with additional nutrients, the decomposition process of apatite concentrate with sulfuric acid was carried out with an additive, in the first variant – ammonium hydrophosphate, and in the second variant - ammonium and potassium hydrophosphates. Experimental studies have studied the effect of additives on the interaction of sulfuric acid with fluorapatite, as well as X-ray phase and IR spectroscopic analyses have studied the structural composition of the resulting product. It was found that with the use of additives, the resulting phosphorus fertilizer contains, along with calcium dihydrophosphate, also ammonium dihydrophosphate. A distinctive feature is the decomposition of sulfuric acid phosphates, resulting in a poorly soluble calcium sulfate that passes into the solid phase, which has traces of its presence in the resulting fertilizer, and may also not be part of the solution. The process of decomposition of fluorapatite with sulfuric acid using an additional part (NH4)2HPO4, the optimal amount of the additional part should be considered 12-18% (by weight of sulfuric acid) additive, while the highest degree of decomposition of apatite concentrate is achieved, which is 95-97%. The conducted studies have established that the introduction of an additive - ammonium and potassium hydrophosphates - into the process of sulfuric acid decomposition of apatite concentrate also has a positive effect on the duration of the superphosphate maturation period. To clarify the structural composition of the finished product, X–ray phase studies and IR spectrometric analysis of the powdered product were carried out. Thus, mineral fertilizers obtained with the use of additives having an additional nutrient element in their composition, namely nitrogen - in the first variant, and nitrogen and potassium - in the second variant.

Studies aimed at determining the features of printing on biocomposite polymer materials were carried out. It has been found that the untreated composite films have a low adhesion strength at the composite film-paint interface, the surface tension did not exceed 28 mN/m, and the contact wetting angle was greater than 80 degrees. When the surface is activated by the "corona" discharge method, the adhesion properties appear to a greater extent, and with an increase in the processing stress of the "corona" discharge, the adhesion strength also increases. Thus, in a 25 kV surface treatment, the surface tension for the test composites was estimated to be above 40 mN/m and the contact wetting angle was less than 45 degrees. For BHA based on LDPE and TPC of various bases (corn, pea, rice), adhesion strength was evaluated in the range from 2.9 to 3.5 N/cm2, for PCM based on LDPE and ORD - 29 N/cm2. The result of this work is an increase in surface tension due to the appearance of polar groups on the surface of composite films, in particular oxygen-containing C-O and C = O, as confirmed by Fourier IR spectroscopy. Although the adhesion strength at the film-paint interface is increased when the surface of the composite films is activated, it has been observed that for LDPE-based BHC and thermoplastic starch, the adhesion properties are not constant and decrease over time. After two weeks, adhesion strength was evaluated, on average, 1.4 N/cm2. Most likely, BHCs do not transition to the electret state when the surface is activated by "corona" discharge, and external factors such as temperature and humidity act, as a result of which the number of polar groups on the surface decreases. On the contrary, a slight decrease in adhesion strength from 29 to 27 N/cm2 was observed for PCM based on LDPE and OPD, which is due to the chemical nature of the starting components.

Currently, bioplastics, which are bio-based (biodegradable/non-biodegradable) plastics, account for about 1% of the approximately 390 million tons of plastic produced annually. But as demand is rising, and with more new materials demerging, the market is already growing very dynamically. Europe ranks the 1st place in the field of research and development of bioplastics. About a fifth part of the world’s volume of such materials, produce here. The development of such technologies in Russia goes slowly. Biodegradable plastics are mainly produced from starch, polylactic acid and cellulose. Moreover, all of components are biodegradable. So-called biocomposites are also available, which are a mixture of a polymer with a filler introduced in order to reduce the cost of materials and/or to improve the chemical-mechanical properties of the product. The obtaining of biodegradable packaging materials by fermentation process is very expensive. Traditional synthetic plastics with biodegradable additives introduced into them need special composting conditions. In this article, there is the market’s analysis of the packaging biodegradable products. It also contains the ways to obtain such products from natural raw materials. A large number of studies are devoted to the chemical modification of such polymers, which makes it possible to obtain flexible packaging materials with improved physical and mechanical characteristics compared to the original and not inferior to traditional synthetic plastics.

Films based on PVA solutions are currently attracting increasing attention due to their high transparency, barrier properties and environmentally friendly nature. This is due to the fact that PVA films have greater flexibility, transparency, impact strength and lower cost than other packaging materials. When discarded, PVA can decompose in the natural environment without adding to the pollution. The article is devoted to the study of film materials obtained from modified solution systems based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Polyvinyl alcohol grade 098–10 was used as the starting product; glycerin grade T 94 was used as a plasticizer. The films were cast on glass, then heated in a heating cabinet at a temperature of 90 °C for 31 hours. The influence of different concentrations of PVA solutions on the barrier (vapor permeability) and physical and mechanical properties of films was studied. It was shown that, with an increase in the concentration of glycerol in PVA, the fracture resistance increased, the relative elongation noticeably decreased, and the permeability of the polymer sharply increased. The introduction of 20–30% plasticizer into PVA resulted in the production of a sufficiently elastic film, an increase in elongation at break, and also a decrease in tensile strength. The complex of studies carried out made it possible to determine the influence of modifying additives on the structural transformations of PVA compositions for the creation of new generation coatings. In the future, it is planned to continue research on this topic, in particular on optimizing the temperature-time regime of coating formation

The possibility of obtaining electrically conductive composites by applying carbon suspensions to fibrous materials by aerosol spraying and screen printing, on printing equipment, which ensures high productivity, is shown. A manufacturing technology has been developed and the electromechanical properties of layered fibrous composites based on knitwear and graphite dispersion designed for the manufacture of strain and stress sensors used in "wearable electronics", robotics and medicine have been investigated. In an experimental study, it is shown that the conductive path, that is, the length of the chains of contacting filler particles decreases with tensile deformation due to the growth of microcracks in the material. The electrical resistance of growing microcracks has much higher values than the resistance of deformable piezoresistive material. Cracks can open and close in various ways during bending, torsion, stretching and compression deformation. The electrical conductivity of fibers and filaments significantly depends on the localization of electrically conductive particles on their surface or in volume. The location of the conductive chains on the surface or in the volume of the filaments determines the dependence of the electrical properties of composites on the state of the environment (composition, temperature, humidity). Preliminary studies of filaments with electrically conductive components of various chemical nature (metals, metal salts, carbon in various allotropic forms) show that changes in temperature and humidity significantly affect the resistivity of the conductive fiber. The paper presents data on the effect of temperature and humidity on the electromechanical properties of elastic fiber composites with graphite. When stretched to 15%, the calibration coefficient GF is reduced by 2 times at 100% humidity. The different influence of air temperature in the range of 100C-700C on the deformation and strain sensitivity during cyclic deformation up to 15% and 30% has been established. The presence of two ranges of deformation sensitivity is due to the difference in the mechanisms of elongation of knitwear due to straightening and stretching of threads. Different deformation and strain sensitivity of composites in the ranges of small and significant strains, at different temperatures and humidity of the air, has been established. The strain sensitivity reaches 130, and the strain sensitivity is 12 MPa -1, which is an order of magnitude higher than the stress sensitivity of known polymer composites with various electrically conductive fillers.

The paper presents the results of synthesis the metal-composite materials based on apple pectin and divalent metal cations - Cu2+; determining the degree of esterification and the content of free carboxyl groups of the native pectin by acid-base titration, determining the degree of inclusion of the specified cation in the polysaccharide macromolecule and studying by IR spectroscopy and fungicidal activity of native pectin and copper complexes against Penicillum sp According to the results of titration, it was found that apple pectin has a high degree of esterification (DE = 50.7%) and a low content of carboxyl groups (Kc = 2.79%), which suggests its low gelling activity. It was found that the increase in salt concentration is above 0.005 g-eq/l. leads to a decrease in the proportion of the resulting water-soluble complex. The optimal concentration of CuSO4 5H2O, at which the largest mass of the water-soluble complex is formed, is 0.005 g-eq/l. According to IR spectroscopy, the degree of substitution of sodium cations for copper cations was calculated, which amounted to 18%. It was shown that the native apple pectin does not have fungicidal activity, while the copper complex based on it is able to suppress the growth of the culture already under the action of 10 µl of the substance, and with an increase in volume to 50 µl, an even more active fungicidal activity of the copper complex appears.