The currently used system of preventive maintenance is not effective enough. Vibration diagnostics is one of the modern methods of non-destructive testing equipment components, allowing to define the appearance of defects in the early stages. The paper identifies the main areas of research, as well as selected research object, selected non-destructive testing method for efficiently determining the actual state of dynamically operating equipment. Is a schematic of vibration sensors. Measuring point vibration parameters were determined experimentally based on the conditions for obtaining the most informative vibroacoustic signal. Determine the behavior of the cutter under which minimizes the occurrence of a wide range of fluctuations that affects the accuracy of the measurements. For vibration analysis method was chosen direct spectral analysis, which involves the detection of repetitive vibrations. Presented graphically vibration spectra and spectra of vibration signals. Analysis of a wide range of vibration spectrum allowed to allocate land on which showed a significant increase in the values of vibration. Processing of the selected portion of the spectrum has led to the conclusion that in the bearing, shock pulses are in contact with each rolling body shell, and as a result, a number of harmonics in the individual frequencies. Was made a comparative analysis of the spectra of working with a defective bearing bearing on the same frequencies and determine the average increase in the values of vibration. Spectral analysis is an effective method to determine not only the extent of the defect and its location, but also allows you to effectively predict its development. The results may be useful for specialists involved in vibration diagnostics, calculation and design of rotary machines.

Tomatoes grown in the central and southern parts of the country, which contain 5-6 % of solids, including 0.13 % of pectin, 0.86 % of fat, 0.5 % of organic acids; 0.5 % minerals, etc. were used as a subject of research. These tomatoes, grown in the mountains, on soils with high salinity, contain high amounts of valuable components and have a long-term preservation. For the extraction of valuable components from dried tomato pomace CO2 extraction method was applied. Technological and environmental feasibility of tomatoes stage drying in the atmosphere of inert gas in solar dry kiln were evaluated; production scheme of dried tomatoes is improved; a system for tomato pomace drying is developed; a production scheme of powders of pulp, skin and seeds of tomatoes is developed. Combined method of tomato pomace drying involves the simultaneous use of the electromagnetic field of low and ultra-high frequency and blowing product surface with hot nitrogen. Conducting the drying process in an inert gas atmosphere of nitrogen intensified the process of moisture removing from tomatoes. The expediency of using tomato powder as enriching additive was proved. Based on the study of the chemical composition of the tomato powder made from Dagestan varieties of tomatoes, and on the organoleptic evaluation and physico-chemical studies of finished products, we have proved the best degree of recoverability of tomato powder during the production of reconstituted juice and tomato beverages.

Prerequisites for creation of model are stated. At a problem definition consideration of a particle of a lupine as unlimited plate is proved. The main assumptions are formulated, regional conditions are written out. Partial solutions of the differential equation, and also the common decision for the current value of a concentration pressure С'(x,у). Distribution of concentration is symmetric concerning ordinate axis. Final expression for a field of concentration at extraction of a flat plate in a dimensionless look is written out. It is shown that distribution of concentration is rather precisely described by the first member of a row. Th e conclusion is drawn that for any timepoint under the set boundary conditions the field of concentration has an appearance of a symmetric curve with a maximum on a plate axis (Х=0). For each subsequent timepoint there will be the curve which is monotonously decreasing to a plate surface. It is proved that it is possible to define nature of change of concentration in a body at a preset value the case when strives for infinity at the set physical parameters, thickness of a plate and the organization of high intensity of branch of extractive substances from a surface Is considered. For this case the equations of rather dimensionless concentration and Fourier's numb er are received. Also the equation for definition of final time of extraction is written out. It is shown that the received solutions of the eq uations of model are found in a good consent with experimental data.

Due to the growing need to substitute expensive foreign-made feed products need for expanding food resources in the Russian market appears. The disadvantages of existing technological lines for the preparation of mineral feed additives are high specific energy consumption, low economic efficiency and inadequate conditions for environmental safety insuring. That is why energy-efficient production method for the feed additive based on zeolite and a technological line for its realization was developed at the Department of Technology of bread, pastry, pasta and grain processing industries in VSUET. Application of refrigeration unit operating in heat pump mode allows preparation of heat transfer agents with a maximum utilization of secondary heat sources. After drying the spent drying agent is fed to the preheating methioninate copper suspension through the regenerative heat exchange, then to the dehumidification into the evaporator of refrigeration unit and then it is returned to the first section of the two-part condenser in closed-loop mode. Feed fat is heated to 55 ... 60 ° C, by "hot water", heating of which takes place in the second section of the 11th condenser to the temperature of 70 ... 75 ° C and is fed into the jacket of fat melting device. Then it is returned to the second capacitor section to form a recirculation loop. We developed a feed additive with the following particle size distribution: a large fraction of 2.8%, the average fraction of 95.2%, the fine fraction of 2.0%, the residue on the sieve with a mesh № 1,2 of 2,0%, with a moisture content of 6.2%, the angle of repose of 42 deg., dispersibility of 6.9%, a bulk density of 385 kg / m3. The proposed method for the production of the feed additive based on zeolite ensures environmental safety of production due to closed recirculation circuits on material and energy flows, helps to reduce energy and resource consumption for the production of the feed additive, to obtain high quality product with high uniformity and low moisture content.

The article describes a new approach to improve the resource saving in the production of pet food through the use of secondary raw materials and optimal food recipes provided by mathematical modeling on the basis of fuzzy logic device. Unstable quality indicators of raw materials and the interaction between the components of the mixture make it more difficult to construct a complete mathematical model. That is why modeling of recipes for unproductive animals food is carried out by means of fuzzy logic device. The advantage of this method is the ability to carry out the analysis, in a subjective evaluation of empirical data and the absence of an explicit numerical form of result. The advantages of these systems are particularly bright when designing multicomponent food products, where the uncertainty of input and output parameters is high and the quality is assessed by sensory analysis. Fuzzy logic device allows to improve the quality of objects management, to determine the optimal ratio of recipe components when designing new types of multicomponent dry food products and to reduce the number of experiments. Moreover it provides the opportunity to improve the production management and the finished product control quality in conditions of information uncertainty, which is typical for real production in food industries. To implement the proposed method, we used the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox module, included in the MatLab package, and to represent the modeling results graphically, we used the Surfase Viewer module. The analytical calculations and experimental results showing the efficiency of the proposed method for different gender groups of animals are given.

To assess whether the use of vapor recompression in distilling plants, mathematical modeling and optimization modes vessels with transformers warmth. The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of using vapor recompression processes rectification of braga and optimize energy economic parameters of heat pump installations. The distillation column can be operated at different pressures, the temperature difference between the boiling liquid in a bottom part of the column and the vapor leavi ng the top part is from 1 2 (in the final column purification) 10 25 (in use, distillation columns). A small temperature difference allows obtain high values of the heating rate, while the high intensity of the processes of heat transfer in condensation and boiling provides a relatively small heat exchange surface in the respective heat exchangers and capital investments in them. These circumstances require high economic efficiency of application of heat pump installations. After analyzing the data, concluded that for option 1 (work rectification columns under vacuum) to an optimum mode of operation corresponds to the saturation temperature of the compressed vapor 98, the pressure of the alcohol vapor compressor after this will be P2=191 kPa. For option 2 (work of the distillation column at low vacuum) optimum temperature value t2=107 C, the pressure of the compressed steam P2=244 kPa. For option 3 (work of the distillation column at the small of excessive pressure) it is economically feasible t2=110 C, P2=265 kPa. The optimal-temperature pressure in the boiler for the considered variants respectively co-tute of 5.4; 5,3 5,3; the increased pressure of the compressor is accordingly to 3.67; 2,98; to 2.57.

Consumer properties of food raw material formed during the heat treatment. New physical, flavoring and aromatic properties of the products of plant origin, formed during drying due to substantial changes in the composition of the raw materia l occurring as a result of biochemical reactions. In the production of dried and roasted products is very important to follow the parameters that contribute to the passage of biochemical processes aimed at creating a product with high nutritional qualities, strong aroma and pleasant taste. We studied the basic kinetics of the drying process of food raw material (in terms of artichoke) in a dense interspersed layer, which formed the basis for the rational choice of the drying regime with due consideration of changes in the moisture content of the product are studied. The nature of the effect of the dried product movement hydrodynamic conditions on a layer height and intensity of drying is established. As a result of food raw material drying process kinetics analysis (in terms of artichoke) multistep drying regimes were chosen. Analysis of the artichoke particles drying by air, air-steam mixture and superheated steam intensity showed the presence of two parts: the horizontal one and gradually diminishing one. Kinetic laws of the artichoke drying process in a dense interspersed layer were the basis of engineering calculation of dryer with a transporting body in the form of a "traveling wave". Application of the dryer with the transporting body in the form of a "traveling wave" for food raw material drying allow to achieve uniform drying of the product due to the use of soft, gentle regimes of oversleeping while preserving to the utmost particles of the product; to improve the quality of the finished product through the use of interspersed layer that reduces clumping of product to be dried.

Development and implementation of high-tech and energy-efficient methods of feed production is important and ap¬propriate due to the fact that enterprises are not able to provide the market of feed consumers with high quality products at affordable prices. To solve this problem, an alternative technology for the production of protein green concentrate (PGC) from the cormophyte mass of high protein plants was developed. The most energy-intensive process of obtaining PGC is spray drying. At the same time the problems of energy saving, and the product quality are solved by modeling. The drying model developed in this study is based on the falling edge of evaporation, which is used in many studies of drops drying. The problem of obtaining the basic equations of heat and mass transfer during the periods of constant and decreasing drying rate was to be solved. It is also supposed that the drying takes place during the periods of constant and decreasing drying rate. Basic equations of heat and mass transfer for both periods of drying were obtained. Changing of thermophysical characteristics were determined by statistical methods in the range of PGC humidity of 10 ... 75% and a temperature of 20 ... 100%. The model is solved by finite difference method with an accuracy of modeling results of 12%. Method of finite differences is a numerical method for solving differential equations based on the replacement of derivative differences schemes and is the grid method. Identification of model parameters to experimental data obtained in the experimental spray dryer was carried out. The solution allows the mathematical model to determine the change in moisture content (DS concentration ) and drop radial temperature in the spray drying of the PGC concentrate that is necessary both to select the geometrical sizes of the dryer and the drying process parameters controlling.

One way to create a new drying technology is the development and adoption by the industry of high-intensity machines with active hydrodynamic regimes, providing in many cases, higher technical and economic indicators. This principle is very successfully implemented in devices with swirling flow and particulate material. Therefore, the use of devices with twisted coolant flow to intensify the process of drying particulate materials is both theoretical interest and practical value. Amaranth seeds contain an average of 17 % protein, 8 % of oil and 4-5% fiber. Because of the significant amino acid content of lysine in the protein which amaranth twice larger than that of wheat, and three times more than corn and sorghum, and compares the number with cow's milk and soy , amaranth protein quality is considered very high . Amaranth seeds are the raw material for the production of oil containing up to 8 % of squalene. On the basis of theoretical analysis of heat and mass transfer process of drying amaranth seeds in the machine with a balanced twisted layer authors developed a mathematical model of it . The structure of the flow of the drying process in the cross sections of the machine. The model is based on the fundamental equations AV Lykov , describes a heat moisture transfer in capillaryporous environments in the linear thermodynamic approximation , given the way the convective heat supply and small size of dried amaranth seeds . The resulting equations describe the dynamic change of temperature fields and the moisture content in a conjugated heat and mass transfer at the boundary of the solid phase coolant. Found macrokinetic regularities of the process. The results of the work will be useful to a wide range of professionals involved in drying amaranth seeds, as well as for the calculation and design of modern dryers.

At the Department of Food Production of Murmansk State Technical University (MSTU) was developed a method of producing smoke fuel using infrared energy supply. The method provides a stable temperature pyrolysis of wood fuel is less than 400 ° C. Kinetic of the heating layer of fuel (wooden chips) is affected by chip's density and moisture content. The method of calculating of the optimum modes of smoke produce, which is based on a system of differential equations of heat and mass transfer in the IR smoke generator, was previously proposed. The system of equations includes thermal characteristics (TC) of the fuel layer (e.g. specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity). The exact definition of these characteristics affect the accuracy of the experimental calculation of optimal process conditions with use of the developed software. A definition of layer's TC by a method with elements of pulsed thermal NDT. The use of thermal imager is proposed for measuring the temperature of the irritated surface of the porous wooden chip's lawyer.

A technology for wet pressing of carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral additives with increase in content of molasses was developed. In the UVMD wet pressing with increased molasses content two options for finished additives were considered: briquettes and pellets. In the first phase of work pilot batch of feed supplement for cattle was prepared: 25 % of rapeseed meal; 10 % of soybean meal; 4 % of feeding oil; 51 % of molasses; 5 % of lime; 5 % of premix. It is established that satisfactory mixing occurs when entering the molasses up to 40 %. Further increase in molasses content causes deterioration of mixing. In the second phase a research at the choice of materials, providing hardening of molasses briquette was carried out. At the same time additives for cattle contained 30 ... 50 % of molasses, sunflower meal, wheat bran, beet pulp, tricalcium phosphate, salt, premix. 3 % of hydrated lime and zeolite and also 5 % of limestone flour were used as the cementitious materials in the preparation of pellets with the molasses content of 40,0 %. Briquettes with 30 % and 50 % of molasses do not have sufficient strength. It has been established that when entering the 50 % of molasses and 3 % of hardeners countercurrent flow of material in the mixer stops, the mixture becomes viscous, of pasty consistency. Molasses briquettes had not hardened during storage, were soft and plastic. Briquettes containing 40,0 % of molasses and 3,0 % of hydrated or unhydrated lime were hard in comparison with briquettes containing other hardeners. With increasing input of hardeners up to 5 % molasses blocks were more solid and retained its shape.

The paper deals with the possibility of determining homogenization degree of milk and dairy products using ultrasonic vibrations absorption spectra. Advantages of this method application in automated manufacturing systems were examined. Theoretical background of the method, as well as the possibility of determining the distribution of the fat globules in milk, depending on their sizes were substantiated. We derived mathematical equations, showing the relationship between the homogenization degree of dairy products and the acoustic properties of the medium, such as the propagation velocity of ultrasonic vibrations in the medium tested and the absorption coefficient in the medium at a specific frequency of the ultrasonic impact and medium temperature. It was shown that the measurement of the propagation of the milk acoustic properties in frequency, evaluation of their density function of the relaxation times spectrum, and then from the relaxation times to the particles masses allow operational control of the fat globules masses distribution in fractions. Theoretical studies were confirmed by experimental research carrying out whose results demonstrate clearly the dependence of absorption degree of ultrasonic vibrations on the degree of milk homogenization. The dependence between the estimates of the relaxation spectra and the first two moments of the statistical distribution of milk fat globules, which demonstrated their relationship was studied. Possible improvements the method under consideration to increase the reliability of the results obtained were proposed.

The traditional method of analysis procedures of collective choice involves three different approaches: investigation operator voting against the characteristic conditions, investigation the properties of the function of choice, analysis on the possibility of manipulating (verification the stability of the voting process under the influence of negative impacts from voters or organizer). Research team of the department ITMU VSUET proposed and implemented a fourth approach, which is to research the probabilistic characteristics the results of the procedures (value of the displacement valuation of estimate the usefulness of specific alternative to its true value, the standard deviation of evaluating of estimate the usefulness of alternative from its true value, the probability of correct ranking of alternatives at the output the procedure of choice, etc.). This article is dedicated to the analysis of the consistency of estimates the usefulness to compare alternatives, obtained at the output of the traditional procedure Thurstone-Mosteller and its generalizations, created by the authors of. In the general, the term of consistency of estimator of statistical estimation assumes tending to zero error of estimation by increasing the sample size. However, depending on the interpretation of "calculation errors" in science are the following main types of consistency: the weak consistency of statistical estimation, based on the notion of convergence in probability of the random quantity; the strong consistency, based on the concept of convergence with probability to one; the consistency of statistical estimation in the mean square. The variance of this assessment tends to zero. This article provides a proof of the theorem, according to which the assumptions rather general nature of estimates the usefulness being ranked alternatives obtained using the procedure Thurstone-Mosteller satisfied the consistency of statistical estimation in the mean square. In this case, of the consistency of statistical estimation in the mean square follows the weak consistency of statistical estimation of estimates the usefulness alternatives of original sample.

The technical task of the process is to improve the drying quality of the final product, increasing the precision and reliability of control, the reduction of specific energy consumption. One of the ways to improve the process is complex and i ts local automation. This paper deals with the problems of development and creation of a new control algorithm drying process of the particulate material. Identified a number of shortcomings of the existing methods of automatic control of the process. As a result, the authors proposed a method for drying particulate materials in the device with swirling flow and the microwave energy supply and its automatic control algorithm. The description of the operating principle of the drying apparatus consists in that the particulate material is wet by using a tangential flow of coolant supplied to the cylinder-drying apparatus which also serves the axial coolant flow, whereby the heat transfer fluid with the particulate material begins to undergo a complex circular movement along the circumference apparatus, thereby increasing its speed and its operation control algorithm. The work of this scheme is carried out at three levels of regulation on the basis of determining the coefficient of efficiency of the dryer, which makes it possible to determine the optimal value of the power equipment and to forecast the cost of electricity. All of the above allows you to get ready for a high quality product while minimizing thermal energy and material costs by optimizing the operating parameters of the drying of the particulate material in the dryer with a combined microwave energy supply and ensure the rational use of heat energy by varying their quantity depending on the characteristics to be dried particulate material and the course of the process.

The work is devoted to the creation of a new type of mixer to produce homogeneous mixtures of dissimilar materials applied to recycling of housing and communal services waste. The article describes the design of a dual-chamber device of the original high-temperature vacuum mixer, there investigated the processes occurring in the chambers of such devices. The results of theoretical and experimental research of the process of mixing recycled polyethylene with a mixture of "grinded food waste – Eco wool” are presented. The problem of the optimum choice of bending the curvilinear blades in the working volume of the seal, which is achieved by setting their profile in the form of involute arc of several circles of different radii, is examined . The dependences, allowing to define the limits of the changes of the main mode parameters the angular velocity of rotation of the working body of the mixer using two ways of setting the profile of the curvilinear blade mixer are obtained. Represented design of the mixer is proposed to use for a wide range of tasks associated with the mixing of the components with a strongly pronounced difference of physic al chemical properties and, in particular, in the production of composites out of housing and communal services waste.

The article holds the gradual formation of images and actions of the driver. As outlined the author's arguments based on the following assumptions: We consider the motion of the mass, mass-produced currently by the domestic industry of automobiles; considered the motion of single cars as the most common and most dangerous cases, allowing to evaluate the influence of parameters on the road driving mode "pure"; drivers tend to reduce travel times and therefore move with the maximum possible speed; drivers choose speed, visually estimating lying in front of part of the way and given the speed at the time of this evaluation; driver behavior, ceteris paribus determined the influence of visibility limitations and conditions visual perception; considered the motion on the ascent and descent, but the determining factor is the direction of descent. Set of operations, branches off the driver, can be represented as a multi-level system comprising three main groups of psycho-physiological processes, activities analyzers (perception of information); the work of the central nervous system (processing and storage); effective activity (responses to the implementation of the decision). On the basis of the received information in human consciousness formed images of the environment, the totality of which is an information model of the object. Comparing it with the standards (memory engrams), the driver generates the mo st appropriate in the circumstances set of actions. Implementation of the decision is the final stage of human response to the external environment and is expressed in the change of the degree of use of traction engine or braking force; change the steering angle as that does not affect the speed of motion, the algorithm of the driver is not taken into account. Analysis of the schemes of algorithms allows to obtain quantitative characteristics of the vehicle: stereotyped figures, logical complexity.

The article deals with the search for optimal parameter estimation of the parameters of the process of homogenization of dairy products. Provides a theoretical basis for relationship of the relaxation time of the fat globules and attenuation coefficient of ultrasonic oscillations in dairy products. Suggested from the measured acoustic properties of milk to make the calculations of the mass distribution of fat globules. Studies on the proof of this hypothesis. Morphological analysis procedure carried out for homogenized milk samples at different pressures, as well as homogenized. As a result of research obtained distribution histogram of fat globules in dependence on the homogenization pressure. Also performed acoustic studies to obtain the frequency characteristics of loss modulus as a function of homogenization pressure. For further research the choice of method for approximating dependences is obtained using statistical moments of distributions. The parameters for the approximation of the distribution of fat globules and loss modulus versus pressure homogenization were obtained. Was carried out to test the hypothesis on the relationship parameters of approximation of the distribution of the fat globules and loss modulus as a function of pressure homogenization. Correlation analysis showed a clear dependence of the first and second statistical moment distributions of the pressure homogenization. The obtain ed dependence is consistent with the physical meaning of the first two moments of a statistical distribution. Correlation analysis was carried out according to the statistical moments of the distribution of the fat globules from moments of loss modulus. It is concluded that the possibility of ultrasonic testing the degree of homogenization and mass distribution of the fat globules of milk products.

In this article, we consider additional method of quality control of curds by organoleptic properties. Method consists in construction of neural network model to estimate quality of curds by input and output parameters. Quality control of curds by organoleptic properties is not necessary according to state standard specification, therefore we use exemplary 5-score scale for organoleptic estimation. Author gives an example of fundamental operation which is necessary for neural networks projection and gives recommendation for integrated hardware/software solution design. This method makes easier quality control of final product because operator can react on digression in the technological process in proper time (use data recommended by neural network), predict quality of final product in case when technological parameters deviate from the norm.

Neural modeling often doesn't guarantee performance of the principle of a community – the neural model trained on one data set can be not adequate when giving on its entrance of data from other set. Therefore when using neural modeling procedure of testing of the received results by means of the method of ridge regression based on the theory of regularization incorrectly of objectives is necessary. The being of the offered method of adaptation of a neural network with fixing of shifts (ABNS) is as follows: 1. Instead of a two-layer neural network for adaptation the single-layer neural network more fully answering to use of a method of characteristic points as which the weighed sums of separate groups of signs get out is recommended. 2. For elimination of a problem of the ambiguity caused by a traditional choice of casual entry conditions, initial values of scales and shifts of neurons get out equal to zero. 3. For methodological unity of the solution of a straight line and the return problem of examination, on weight and shift of a neural network the following restrictions are programmatically imposed: the weight [0, 1], and shifts forcibly rely equal to zero by an adaptation speed parameter choice. 4. Results of neural modeling can often be doubtful owing to violation of the principle of a community and check of its observance requires obligatory testing of the received results, for example, by means of a method of ridge regression. As appears from the presented results, in all cases it is necessary to use the offered methods of consecutive and group adaptation with fixing of shifts of neurons, as thus there is a possibility of restoration of initial regression model. When fixing zero shifts of neurons their found weight gain values from the range [0, 1] that provides methodological unity of the solution of a straight line and return problem of examination.

Nowadays the production of functional bakery products for therapeutic and preventive nutrition is of current importance. The problem of providing the population with functional products can be solved by enriching the recipes with vitamins, dietary fiber, micro and macronutrients. At the chair of "Technology of baking, confectionery, pasta and grain processing" of Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies the recipe of no-salt bread from mixture of baker’s first grade wheat flour and whole-grain wheat with adding buckwheat bran flour, that increases the nutrition value of the product, has been developed. Flour from buckwheat bran is characterized by a high-scale balance of the content of essential amino acids, good digestibility, rich in vitamins (especially B vitamins, PP), dietary fiber, minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron). The use of buckwheat flour from the bran in bread production stimulates the creation of favorable intestinal microflora, normalizes blood sugar level, and excretes toxins, toxic salts and heavy metals from the body. We have conducted a research on how to make the rational choice of method of adding buckwheat bran flour enricher into dough from a mixture of first grade wheat flour and whole-grain wheat, compressed yeast and potable water, thus ensuring high and stable physical and chemical characteristics and the quality of the end product. Also, we have discovered that the bakery product prepared on tight sponge with addition of enricher has much better organoleptical properties in comparison with the others. Bread is characterized by a pleasant taste and flavour, elastic porous crumb. It has been found that the consumption of 100 g of a mixture of no-salt bread from first grade wheat flour and whole-grain with adding buckwheat bran flour will provide enough daily intake of protein 10.7%, fat 1.5%, carbohydrates 10.4% dietary fiber 16.3%, amino acids 2.5 14.0%. No-salt bread is recommended to people with cardiovascular diseases and renal insufficiency. According to the chosen efficient method of adding buckwheat bran flour in the dough for no-salt bread, we have found out that the method when enricher is added in the sponge provides the best physical and chemical, and structure mechanical properties of the bakery product and can be recommended for baking bread for mass production at the bakery plant.

Marshmallow on gelatin or marshmallow items finely porous foam structure. This product is a popular and widely demanded confectionery products to the public, especially children and students. Urgent by the NE-a method for producing a mini-marshmallow functionality in terms of domestic production with natural-functional ingredient – gum-arabic «Instantgum», which is the source of natural-fiber, improving gastrointestinal function, lowering blood glucose levels that especially important in the use of products of diabetics. The inclusion of gum-arabic in the diet leads to a prebiotic effect, stimulating human immune system and improves the functioning intestines. Technology mini marshmallow gelatin with gum-arabic comprises the following manufacturing steps of: preparing a gelatin solution, an aqueous solution of gum-arabic, sugar syrup, invert syrup, whipped gelatinous mass density of 400-600 kg / m3, molding or pressing off mass fractionation followed by cooling and cutting, exposure and dusting starch and sugar mixture housings mini marshmallows. The optimization formulation mini marshmallows on gelatin with functional ingredients «Instantgum» based on gum-arabic method of multicriteria optimization of op-using desirability function Harrington. The greatest value generalized desirability function had a sample with 10% in-functional ingredient, since it belongs to the best set of parameters optimization. The developed product has high organoleptic, physical and chemical parameters, satisfactory form-retaining ability elastic chewing consistency and a functional purpose by NIJ-containing dietary fiber. Proposed can be recommended for the production on-time with continuous mechanized lines to develop Pastila products.

Purposeful use of proteins of connecting fabrics is based first of all on structural and mechanical and physical and chemical properties of collagen, his physiology to a human body. Traditional source of collagen is the split of skins of the cattle, but in view of the objective reasons (spongy encephalopathy, reduction of a livestock of cattle), there was a need for search of alternative sources. The particular interest and popularity represent collagenic proteins in biomedical technologies, when receiving surgical sutural materials, wound healing means, prolongator of medicines, artificial organs and fabrics, implatant. New data on use the collagen containing of sources are directly connected with expansion of a source of raw materials of processing industries of agrarian and industrial complex on the basis of deep processing of biological resources and their maximum involvement in the main and special production with significant growth in an exit of useful products from raw materials unit. In this regard, researches of a microstructure of skins and fractional composition of proteins of objects of research are conducted; data on the general chemical composition and the content of collagen in them are received. Experimental data showed that the most perspective source of collagen from the studied fishes of internal reservoirs is the skin of a silver carp that is caused by the high content of target substance collagen, the low content of fat. The technology of receiving collagenic substances with the high technical characteristics allowing to apply them in production of medical materials is proved and realized in vitro. The comparative analysis showed that substances from a split of skins of cattle and a silver carp have an identical set of amino acids, but are characterized by the different content of separate amino acid s.

The chemical composition of green buckwheat flakes, especially swelling of the flakes at different process conditions. The process of swelling depends on the nature of the high molecular compound, temperature, composition and pH of the absorbing liquid and can flow unrestricted and restricted. With a limited degree of swelling of the swelling reaches the limit and is no longer changing. As a result of limited swelling formed jelly. If the limit value of the degree of swelling in contact with a further high-molecular compound and a solvent is reduced, there is an unlimited swelling. In this case, the swelling of the first stage of dissolution. Unlimited swell polymers with weak intermolecular bonds. Character of the process has an impact on quality indicators and semi-finished products. The resulting kinetic curves indicate limited swelling main components of green buckwheat flakes in all test solutions. In the alkaline pH range, partial dissolution occurred certain components, but the general nature of the process is not appreciably affected. The paper identified the maximum degree and the rate constant swelling green buckwheat flakes in solutions with different pH. To quantify the extent and limit of the rate constant swelling high-molecular compound at different process conditions (type of solvent, temperature, pH) determine the degree of swelling at specified intervals and construct the kinetic curve swelling. The acidity of the medium affects mainly on swelling polyampholytes, which are the proteins that make up most of the swell components flakes green buckwheat. Depending on the pH of the protein macromolecule adopt different conformations. The minimum degree of swelling of the protein corresponds to its isoelectric point at which stipulates equality of positive and negative charges in the macromolecule and it rolled into a ball or globule, which hinders the penetration of solvent molecules into the matrix of high-molecular compound. Comparison of the rate constant swelling possible to determine the maximum rate of swelling. In this paper we measured the specific heat integral swelling swelling fraction flakes green buckwheat and calculated mass of water adsorbed macromolecular substances on the hydration step, set its share in the total mass of liquid absorbed.

In the alcohol industry it is important to create non-waste technology for grain processing into alcohol. The aim of research was the development of technology for wheat processing into ethanol and protein product. We studied the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of starch with glucoamylase of Glucogam preparation. We determined the optimal dosage of the enzyme 8 units. GlA/g of starch, and the temperature of 55°C. In the study of protein hydrolysis by the concomitant to glucoamylase protease of enzyme Glucogam preparation accumulation of amino nitrogen of 4.5 mg / cm 3 in 7 hours of bioconversion takes place. Separation of the resulting saccharified mass was carried out by centrifugation into the filtrate and protein mass. Centrifugation was carried out at a rotational speed of 2500 rev / min for 8 minutes. Protein was dried to 5% moisture content at temperatures not exceeding 35°C, milled, and examined its properties in comparison with native wheat gluten. The resulting product had the following characteristics: the solubility of 10%, water-holding capacity of 1.53 g / g, and fat binding capacity of 1.9 g /g. We investigated the process of fermentation of clarified wort with the dry solids concentration of 14%. We used the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae of race XII and Saccharomyces cerevisiae of race IMB Y-5007 in the dose of 120 million cells per 1 cm3 of wort. Optimum composition of mineral salts was determined. For the yeasts of race XII and IMB Y-5007 fertilizing with diammonium phosphate in a dosage of 1.5 g / dm3 is necessary. The alcohol yield when using the yeasts of race IMB Y-5007 was 60.7 dal/ ton of conditional starch, when using yeasts of race XII it accounts 60,6 dal / ton of conditional starch.

The article discusses the new iodine-containing supplements (ID) derived from organic media collagenous animal protein (pork rind, carpatina and collagen) and protein concentrates brands SCANGEN and PROMIL C95. It is shown that the use of these proteins as carriers of iodine is due to the high content of the amino acids glycine and alanine, which correlates with the degree of binding of iodine objects. New additives in addition to the special focus improve rheological properties of foods, including texture, appearance and functional properties. To assess the quality'ID and selection of preferred option the proposed qualitative assessment and a systematic approach to consider all'ID as a system to allocate its elements, to justify the principles of its construction and the requirements imposed on it, to build a General decision tree. For the construction of complex criterion for assessing the quality'ID proposed procedure formalization based on selection and evaluation of individual indicators, the definition of the laws of their change, depending on the dose, duration and temperature of exposure, and functional efficiency. For comparative evaluation of single and calculation of group indicators all of them were reduced to a single dimension by introducing the dimensionless coefficients of adequately describing the analyzed indicators. The article presents the calculated values of single and group of indicators characterizing technological properties 'ID: the degree of binding of iodine, the binding rate of iodine, heat losses of iodine and basic functional and technological properties of meat stuffing systems (water-binding, moisture-holding, emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability), obtained by the introduction of stuffing in the system studied'ID. At the final stage is the selection of the best 'ID, on the basis of an assessment of group performance.

As the material loading of the filters, it is recommended to use a polymer composition having high immobilization capacity. The introduction of the polyolefins natural polysaccharides attached polymer composition, the ability to retain on its surface microflora, and additional content in the composition of nutrients will ensure the maintenance of microbial life in the event of termination of enrolment in the biofilter nutrients. We have investigated the technological aspects of polymer compositions based on polyethylene (PE), containing natural polysaccharides starch and alkaline pulp (waste vegetable oil refining), in the ratio of 80 : 20 wt.%, when the processing in modern high-speed equipment. In the study of rheological indicators, it was found that contained in the cellulose fatty acid and wax soften the composition, where the effective viscosity is filled with PE with the use of cellulose is celebrated on 30 ÷ 35 % lower than the composition with starch. For polymer compositions containing as starch and cellulose, at a temperature of processing 200 °С observed fracture of flow curves, and when the critical temperature 220 °С there is a rapid release, followed by decomposition of the compositions. It is noted that the composition containing the cellulose has a higher porosity than containing starch, which facilitates immobilization of the microflora. For use as a load of biofilters more recommended songs based on PE and cellulose because they have superior immobilization due to their porous structure, and the presence in the composition of polysaccharides and nutrients, as evidenced development on the surface of the samples of the composition of microscopic fungi (Aspergillus, Penicillium).

The widespread use of aromatic acids (benzoic acid, salicylic) as preservatives necessitates their qualitative and quantitative determination in food. Effective and common way to separation and concentration of aromatic acids liquid extraction. Biphasic system of water-soluble polymers based on (poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and poly-N-vinylcaprolactam) satisfy the requirements of the extraction system. When sorption concentration improved definition of the metrological characteristics, comply with the requirements for sensitivity and selectivity definition appears possible, use of inexpensive and readily available analytical equipment. When studying the adsorption of benzoic acid used as a sorbent crosslinked polymer based on N-vinyl pyrrolidone, obtained by radical polymerisation of a functional monomer and crosslinker. In the extraction of benzoic acid to maximize the allocation of water and the organic phase of the polymer used salt solutions with concentrations close to saturation. Regardless of the nature of the anion salt is used as salting-out agent, aromatic acids sorption increases with the size of the cations. In the experiment the maximum recovery rate (80%) benzoic acid obtained in the PVP (0.2 weight%.) Ammonium sulphate. The dependence stepepni benzoic acid extraction from time sorption sorbent mass and the pH of the aqueous phase. To establish equilibrium in the system, for 20 minutes. The dependence of the degree of extraction of the acid pH indicates that the acid is extracted into the molecular form. The maximum adsorption is reached at pH 3,5, with its efficiency decreases symbatically reduce the amount of undissociated acid molecules in solution.

The article discusses the use of organomagnesium initiators in the synthesis of styrene-butadiene random copolymer (SBR) obtained solution polymerization and their influence on the properties of rubber. Selected organic magnesium dialkyl initiator is combined with a modifier, which is a mixed alkoxide of an alkali and alkaline earth metals, which allows to control the micr ostructure of the diene polymer and its molecular weight characteristics. Alcohol derivatives selected high-boiling alcohols tetra (hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine (lapromol 294) and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (TGFS). Selection of high-boiling alcohols due to the fact that the destruction of alkoxide with aqueous polymer degassing they do not fall into the return solvent and almost fall into the exact water. The metal components of alkoxides are lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. The resulting solutions are stable when stored modifier t hroughout the year even at -40 °C. The scheme of obtaining the new catalyst systems based organomagnesium and alcoxide of alkali and alkaline earth metals, which yields as functionalized SBR with a statistical and a distribution block of butadiene and styrene was developed. The process of copolymerization with styrene to butadiene organomagnesium initiators as using an organolithium compound (n-butyllithium) was carried out, and without it. Found that the addition of n-butyllithium in the reaction mixture leads to a sharp increase in the rate of reaction. The results of studies of the effect of composition of the initiator system on the structure of diene polymers. It was revealed that a mixed initiator system affords a high conversion of monomers (to 90 % in 1 hour) 1,2-polybutadiene content increased to 60 %. The process of polymerization of only a mixture of organomagnesium initiators and alcoxide of alkali and alkaline earth metals are not actively proceeds, conversion of the monomers reaches to 90 % in 4 hours, the microstructure of the polybutadiene corresponds low vinyl polymers (28 % 1,2 units) in the presence invention. The providing the necessary initiation systems for preparing random polymers. The results of research showed that the magnesium alkyls in combination with alkali metal alcoholates as pathogens copolymerization of dienes and vinylaromatic compounds may be used.

The physic-mechanical properties of vulcanizates derived from elastomeric compositions filled with calcium carbonate to hydrophobic stage latex and the traditional method on the rollers. It is determined that the maximum degree of filling of the rubber mixtures produced on the rollers, is 200 parts by weight rubber during the filling stage on latex 400 parts by weight 100 parts polymer. It is noted that during the preparation of rubber mixtures based on natural rubber, latex filled in step, there is a better process ability and reduced mixing time from 27 to 17 minutes. However, compositions with a degree of filling of 400 parts by weight "Sticky" on the rollers, du e to the high content of fatty acids, which contribute to adhesion due to the swelling of the polymer phase. When filled with 50 parts by weight 100 parts Rubber physical properties of the compositions prepared by liquid-phase method, higher than the values of standard samples. With increasing degree of filling of up to 100 parts by weight 100 parts by weight of rubber increased rates of tensile strength, but reduced rates of elongation. Further increase in the degree of filling reduces the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanizates than Shore hardness. The effect of stearic acid and oleic acid for processing rubber compounds. Found that oleic acid is involved in the curing process and increase the mechanical properties of the vulcanizates by formation of π-π bonds with a matrix rubber, and stearic plays the role of the interfacial structure plasticizer. The method of equilibrium swelling in toluene determined density chemically bonded chains of the polymer network. The lowest equilibrium degree of swelling is observed in a sample prepared on a mill.

The paper presents results of experimental and theoretical studies aimed at expanding the applications of the copolymers on the basis of the waste styrene production. One of the areas is used as impregnating compositions of wood materials, selection of optimal conditions modification on samples of the most widely used in the industry of wood, such as birch, aspen and other. Studies were conducted to obtain and use an impregnating compositions based on copolymers synthesized from waste products of styrene and the cubic remainder rectification of ethylbenzene (CRRE) for the protective treatment of birch wood. Identified physic-chemical characteristics of physical mixtures of copolymers «CORS», «STAM», CRRE at different ratios. Studied the process of modification birch using the method of experiment planning greco-latin square of the fourth order, and the influence of such factors as the temperature of the impregnating composition, the duration of the impregnation, the temperature and duration of thermal treatment on the performance moisture resistance of wood. Were established optimal conditions modification birch wood treated impregnating compositions on the basis of physical mixtures of copolymer «CORS» with CRRE and copolymer «STAM» with CRRE is the mixing ratio 2:1, the duration and temperature of the impregnation 7 h and 95 0C, time and temperature of heat treatment 7 h and 170 0C, respectively. A sealing composition containing CRRE with copolymer «STAM» 1:2 is more preferable, as in the structure of the copolymer «STAM» contains carboxyl and anhydrite group. Thus was justified use for the modification of natural wood impregnating compositions on the basis of physical mixtures of CRRE with copolymers «CORS» and «STAM», which improve the properties of wood, increase moisture and weather resistance more than twice.

The regeneration system exercises significant influence on the efficiency and reliability of the filters. During operation of the filter it continuously increases the hydraulic resistance and the gas permeability of the filter material decreases as the deposition of the disperse phase capturable on the filter element, and to maintain the bandwidth of the filter in the filter element within the set must be periodically changed or regenerated. Thus, regeneration of a process of removing part of the dust layer with the purpose of full or partial reduction of the initial filter partitioning properties. On the basis of theoretical synthesis, physico-chemical effects of dust in layers, analysis of energy effects, developed methods of intensification of the process of regeneration of particulate filters. Pneumopulse regeneration of bag filter has been investigated, and based on it a regression equation for regeneration efficiency has been derived. It has been shown that pulse pressure exerts the dominant influence on the regeneration efficiency. The obtained model was used for assessment and prediction of the efficiency of the pneumopulse system of regeneration of bag filters at a number of structural materials producing enterprises in the Voronezh region.

Designing of chemical destination requires developers’ particular, careful approach, as malfunctions are dangerous for the whole area in which the facility is located. Efficient and uninterrupted operation of a chemical entity assumes certain tasks, and at the design stage, and during the construction, reconstruction, repair, and maintenance. When designing a crucial question: placing equipment in the technological scheme (nature and the order and connection of separate devices); determine the input parameters of raw materials; establishment of technological parameters of the system; determine the structural characteristics of the devices of the system; selection of process parameters in devices that affect the speed of the process, output and product quality. The main document containing the requirements of industrial safety, chemical and other dangerous objects is the Federal Law of July 21, 1997 № 116-FZ "On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities", as amended on December 31, 2014. It defines and regulates the framework for ensuring the safe operation of hazardous production facilities. The most important part in the development and design of hazardous chemicals is the examination of industrial safety, which is held on the basis of the principles of independence, objectivity, comprehensiveness and completeness of the research carried out by using modern science and technology. Design of chemical facilities is a complex, multifactorial and time-consuming process, which should be regarded as a series of socio-organizational and engineering stages. It is a systematic approach to solving design problems and control of all stages of the life cycle of chemical facilities will provide a high level of safe operation of industrial facilities.

Russian industry of synthetic rubber, is one of the most competitive and occupies a prominent place in the global petrochemical industry. However, the company production of synthetic rubber are among the most hazardous industrial facilities. The main operational risks are to fire and explosion hazards of raw materials used. Accidents in such establishments can damage not only the equipment, materials or buildings, but also cause serious environmental and economic consequences for the region. For the prevention of accidents, mitigation and elimination of losses, it is necessary to apply a set of measures aimed at the management and control of industrial safety. The legal basis of industrial safety in the Russian Federation is the Federal Law № 116-FZ dated 21.07.97 "On industrial safety of hazardous production facilities." Industrial Safety at work an important part of its normal functioning. The most important condition of industrial safety of hazardous production facilities is the examination of industrial safety. Federal rules and regulations in the field of industrial safety "rules of examination of industrial safety", approved by Order of RTN on November 14, 2013 N 538 established: the procedure of examination of industrial safety requirements for the design of expert opinions and requirements for experts.

Sugar, with good taste and high caloric, is one of the most popular human food. Consumers sugar must be sure that the sugar under normal conditions of use is of high quality and is not harmful to the health of the product. One reason for the decline in the quality of sugar is bacterial contamination. This is because the sugar industry products are good targets for the development of different groups of microorganisms, e.g., Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfringes, Leuconostoc dextranicum, Torula alba, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Sarcina lutea and others. These organisms are affected with beets, and then with sugar beet chips and diffusion juice fall into the processing line of sugar production. Their number in the diffusion juice varies and depends on many facto rs such as the quality of raw materials, the quality of cleaning beet root colonization of transporter-washing and the supply of water to the diffusion process, the temperature of the diffusion and others. In the diffusion unit has the most favorable conditions for the development of micro-organisms. Some of them, especially resistant bacteria and thermophilic bacteria or their spores, forming a capsule which protects against external influences occur in the final product sugar. When injected into the fresh crop of product (juice, syrup), they begin to multiply rapidly, causing difficulties in the process. The higher seeding beet microorganisms, the more they decompose and emit sucrose metabolism byproducts. To reduce the negative impact of microbiological and reduce losses from decomposition of sucrose conducted research on the possibility of using chlorine-containing substances in the sugar industry. It was established experimentally that the investigated chlorinated drug has bacteriostatic action and can be recommended for use in sugar beet production.

Food products from vegetable raw materials play a special role in the food industry. Sugar is one of the strategically important products. The significance of its is great due to its wide use in confectionery, bakery, liquor, canning, biochemical, pharmaceutical and other branches of human activity. Effective development of the domestic sugar industry depends on the terms of competition with European partners. Production of granulated sugar includes a significant amount of energy-intensive and technologically complex operations, one of which is the extraction of sucrose from beet chips by means of hot countercurrent extraction. The most important criterion for the extraction process efficiency evaluation is the coefficient of molecular diffusion. The efficiency of using of beet chips thermo chemical processing before extraction depending on the quality of processed beet was investigated. It was found out that when using a low quality beet the diffusion coefficient decreases compared to healthy beet. The use of solutio ns of some salts for beet chips heat treatment has an overall positive effect on the diffusion coefficient. A method for recovering sucrose from beet with the use of compounds of Al2(SO4), Ca(SO)4, and (NH4)2SO4 as the extractants was proposed. It was found out that beet samples treatment with solutions of proposed salts provides a sucrose smooth transition from the pores of sugar beet tissue into the extractant due to intense convective washout. It is caused by the high degree of tissue cells plasmolysis achieved in its processing with solutions of proposed reagents. The results obtained indicate a significant increase of the sucrose diffusion coefficient in the ammonium sulfate solution used as the extractant.

Many sugar factories of the Russian Federation sugar and white sugar is produced not only from sugar beet, but also from raw sugar. To do this, the technological scheme of the plants provide mostly separate processing beet and raw sugar. This paper proposes a joint processing. With the aim of improving the quality of syrup, improving the filtration properties of the juice II saturation with joint processing beet and raw sugar was proposed clarification raw sugar to conduct the filtered juice I saturation with the addition of bleach in the amount of 0.05-0.10 % by weight of raw sugar and fine clay powder in the amount of 0.3-0.5 % by weight of raw sugar. Introduction chlorine is in the process of clarification raw sugar partly to carry out the depolymerization of highmolecular compounds, including polysaccharide dextran, and to adsorb the resulting fragments of high molecular compounds and pigments on fine particles of clay powder. Similar results were obtained when changing the costs of expanded clay powder. At a flow rate less than 0.3 %, there is a lack of adsorption of the surface to remove the degradation products of high -molecular compounds, which degrades the quality characteristics of the mixture of woodworking and furniture production of raw sugar and juice I carbon ation, and at a rate clay powder more than 0.5 % is irrational, since the cleaning effect is increased slightly. Suggested ways of coprocessing beet and raw sugar allow without significant cost effective processing of raw sugar factories. When beet low techn ological quality of these methods will increase the cleanliness of the production of sugar solutions and improve conditions for obtaining sugar of standard quality with the normative content of sucrose in molasses.

The article deals with the problem of the system to strengthen the defense industrial capacity. Explored approaches to this problem, given that domestic authors investigated the prospects of high-tech enterprise innovation systems and their sustainability, as well as a variety of instructional approaches, foreign authors assign great importance to the strategic management and systems analysis Management by Objectives defense complex. The problems of strengthening the military-industrial complex and their solutions are presented, such as the need to improve strategic planning (scenario variability of plans), co-ordinated action to overcome threats, challenges and risks, scientific and methodological rationale for the decision-making at all levels (national, regional and organizational). The author gives a system to strengthen the military-industrial potential in the concept of national security, which includes: national values, the program of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, foreign policy concept, the concept of strengthening the military-industrial complex in Russia's national security, the program of socio-economic development of the Voronezh region, as well as methods of analysis and strengthening the military-industrial complex. Particular attention is paid to the method of co-financing of defense enterprises and methods of quantifying the performance objectives semistructured systems.

A rational development of industrial territories and regions implies the improvement of their cooperation in economic sector of the country, perfecting the territorial structure of husbandry, rational exploration of natural resources, usage of promising technologies, mobilization of investment etc. Along with this, the improvement of the existing and formation of a new industrial manufacture structure should be implemented with consideration of key market aspects, connected with competitiveness and innovations. Thus, an important condition of industrial structure development is the formation of innovative landscape representing the entirety of innovative territorial subjects that use innovative technologies, management tools for creation the product. In narrow sense, innovative landscape can be understood as an integrative entirety of parameters including socio-economic conditions, state administrative body, innovative economic subjects, existence of innovative infrastructure and cluster interactions etc. A methodic approach to comparative estimation of industrial regions innovative landscape parameters considered in the article lets identify its state and structural characteristics with the purpose of making more reasonable decisions on productive forces location and o n the increase of innovativeness level of industrial territories and regions.

In a diversified agro-industrial complex structure of the Voronezh region there are more than 200 enterprises of food and processing industry. However, due to the growth disparity in prices for agricultural and industrial products, the collapse of a single process has been a sharp decline in the production of final products of agribusiness. In the conditions of Russia's accession to the WTO and the growth in this regard competition in the market of raw materials and finished products, problems of high relevance of search for effective strategies for the development of the food industry. The emphasis of these reforms should be a priori biased towards the crea tion of favorable conditions for the formation of optimal institutional innovation structures and prospects of development of the national agro-food system at all levels. In this regard, the formation of institutional models of integration in the agricultural sector, we regard the system approach, where the newly created integrated structure is defined as a social institution, characterized by composition, structure, objectives, functions, internal and external bounding box defined inputs and outputs. Under these conditions, there is a need to develop partnerships and coo peration between enterprises of the technological chain of the final product agribusiness, finds its expression in a variety of forms, one of which is the formation of clusters, creating the conditions for effective interaction of producers of raw materials and finished products, research and educational institutions, service infrastructure of organizations and representatives of other areas to ensure. However, the analysis showed that, across a variety of alternative strategies for the development of the food industry, the most optimal in today's economic conditions appear to integration strategies that involve the union of disparate market participants on the principles of economic integr ation, which results in a synergy by eliminating irrational mediation.

The social stratification deepens in modern Russian society that finds living and in system of the formation. The Variety of the forms and methods of the education is accompanied from and sequesterring approach to participant of the pedagogical process. There are the processes to localizations of the formation, giving to him of the forms, that is reached orientation on the individual (above the average) to particularities of the development, on "purse of the parents", on religious or attribute. Omni directional, public need, integer and function, executed once-personal social institute, obstruct institute general and special formation, development of the programs to social rehabilitation and integrations, mode supports. The Influence process data particularly sharply feel on itself people with limited carry of health (OVZ), their families and that social structures, which is called cotton wool to him social, pedagogical help. The Category of the persons with OVZ is presented by people of the miscellaneous of the age, having different on degree of the difficulties and nature decline-thread in development.

Today it became clear that Russia needs not only economic growth, but also economic growth of a certain quality. Re¬gions are not an exception, since they are the most vulnerable to changes in market conditions resource exports. The main economic indicators for larger regions of the country should become entrepreneurs. The main economic indicators for larger regions of the country should become entrepreneurs. Not accidentally retrospective analysis of the evolutionary development of small business shows that the most important role in the economic development of Europe and America have played and continue to play a small business. Results of activity of small businesses are generally positive; the country saw an increase in the main indicators: the number of small enterprises, the average number of employees in small enterprises, turnover of small businesses and investments in fixed assets. The statistics of recent years show a decline of interest in the business population. Number of small businesses created in the last few years there has been a downward trend, while the proportion of surviving for three years after their registration is low. The greatest negative impact on the business affairs of the factors of regulatory and administrative regulation of small business, corruption and bribery of officials and the activities of control and inspection bodies. Addressing these challenges will require proper coordination of regional and local resources in building infrastructure, forming investment mechanisms to support small enterprises, the development of the entrepreneurial potential of the population.

At the present stage of development of economy there is a transformation of main objectives of the state from ensuring growth of welfare of citizens to ensuring continuous growth of quality of life. Ensuring growth of quality of life of the population is carried out not only on state, but also on regional levels. At the state level key tasks are formed, the state assumes a considerable share of functions on achievement of the designated purpose. In the real research the attention to consideration of the program documents directed on improvement of quality of life of the population on the example of the Voronezh region is paid. The program documents of a social orientation existing in the region are for this purpose studied. It is revealed that in the region a number of the programs and subprogrammes aimed at improvement of a demographic situation, improvement of a regional budgetary and tax policy, social support of citizens in general works. As tools which use regional authorities, are noted: social standards, address social help, social contracts. It is established that introduction of system of social contracts allows to save budget funds and, at the same time, to motivate the persons which are in a difficult life situation on change of the situation to the best, joint efforts with social security authorities. It is noted that as the leading principles of rendering the social help paramount value has detailed definition of degree of need of the help and a condition of granting. The last often generate dependant moods which are important for leveling, using levers of social interaction. The analysis of the contents of the realized programs for improvement of quality of life of the population allowed to reveal advantages and defects in these programs, and also to define reserves of growth of quality of life. So, it is specified that program documents of regional level in the prevailing majority have a narrow focus on ensuring the help and support of socially unprotected segments of the population. It is represented that ensuring growth of quality of life has to be implemented, affecting in general the population of the region.

In the article the methodology of productivity, the productivity of capital, and total factor productivity. Details are researched total factor productivity, depending on the cost of capital, labor and other factors, including the impact on the production of science, as well as phenomena of technological progress. Using statistical data shows that despite positive developments in the process of updating the fixed assets and restoration of active investment activity, the problem a timely and significantly increase productivity, upgrading of production of powerful values and increase in total factor productivity remains for regional industrial enterprises unresolved. According to the authors, to resolve the issue of competitiveness of the enterprises with innovation, enhance productivity; improve the quality of management and labor resources and appropriate incentives. In order to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises in the region, the authors consider the need for the development of technical processes at the enterprises of the region, and proposes practical recommendations aimed at improving productivity through modernization of fixed assets of the region's economy, improving the efficiency of management and quality of labor resources.

The article presents the basic problems of fixed capital reproduction. There are considered a significant depreciation of fixed assets of Russian enterprises. There are presented arguments in favor of urgency of the problem of reproduction of fixed assets of the Russian Federation. The paper presents theoretical evidence base basic types of fixed capital reproduction. There are identified all possible sources of simple and expanded reproduction of capital. There are considered the role of value and feasibility of depreciation in the formation of Reserve reproduction. Suggested the formation of accounting and analytical management provision fixed capital, as well as an innovative system of fixed capital reproduction, which implies the creation of depreciation , capital, revaluation, liquidation reserves. The algorithm of business valuation based on an innovative system of capital reproduction. The algorithm and the possibility of formation of reserves are considered on a concrete example of one of the industrial enterprises of the city Volgograd. On the basis of the algorithm presented calculations of business valuation of the enterprise. Calculations have shown an increase in value of the business condition of the formation of special reserves, which underlines the necessary and urgency of their formation in accounting policy and economy organizations and enterprises of Russia as a whole.

Close cooperation between public and private property within the boundaries of a single firm (mixed company) or within various forms of public-private partnerships is a characteristic tendency of modern innovative economy. The term covers a wide range of partnerships from simple contracts with private entrepreneurs in the production of goods, works, the provision of services to large projects needed in the areas where privatization is not possible, but there is a need in private investment. State, attracting private capital to financing of capital-intensive, long payback, but important for innovative economic development projects, does not lose control over them, and the private business gets access to previously closed sectors of the economy, such as transport infr astructure, housing and communal services, bringing with it new efficient technology management. Now there is no single approach to defining the nature and content of the concepts in the economic and legal literature presented different points of view, institutional problems of public-private partnership actively discussed by scientists and practitioners. Analysis of international experience projects shows that the specific features of and peculiarities of the institute of public-private partnership determined by the historical, social and economic characteristics development of each country. In turn, the institutional system public procurement is formed depending on the current in them budgetary and legislative system. Because of the historical development United States, perhaps on other developed countries advanced in the organization system of partnership between the state and private business, based solely on market principles.

The problem of ambiguous interpretation of the category of "efficiency". Taking into account the fact that economic efficiency is quite complex and multifaceted category, coupled with the economic laws and applies to all activities of the enterprise this figure is one of the essential characteristics of the processes occurring in industrial organizations. The lack of a generally accepted view among domestic and foreign economists regarding the essential part of the index of efficiency of activity of the industrial enterprise leads to the impossibility of its use for the management of processes. In the conditions of market economy, the task of economic evaluation res ults of the economic entity remains an important element of the research aspects of the company. Each new refinement of recorded knowledge acts as a stimulus for the development of fundamental knowledge categories. One of the Central in the system of economic categories, in our opinion, is indicated for the effective functioning of the enterprise." Precise formulation of the conceptual framework, criteria-based composition have important theoretical value to justify the subject of any research conducted in the conditions of modern economic development of the global space. The definition of criteria and performance indicators, as well as developing sound economic policies of improving the economic mechanism of enterprise depend on a comprehensive study of the essence of economic efficiency of industrial enterprises of the industry. The article examines the main approaches to the definition of economic efficiency, as well as identify the degree of relation of the category of "efficiency" with other economic categories. The author suggested that the characteristics of the essence of economic efficiency, adequate to the task of functioning and development of enterprises in the construction industry.