Summary. Development of food technology in the last two decades, faced with a new negative phenomenon. The fact that this period - the time of stagnation of domestic production of food, the mass of imports and import equipment for the agricultural, processing and food technology. This significantly reduces the food security of Russia. One reason for this state of food production has methodological crisis in science and engineering, agribusiness country. The dialectical method considers the category of "system" in all its aspects, so a systematic approach to problem solving AIC Russia - this is not a fad, but the need for such an approach to the creation of technological systems. The effect of the same prize, arises in the construction of the highest forms of technological systems. Systematic approach should reveal the cause of the large systems, and the largest of their shape - complexes show the historical inevitability of their formation, dialectical process of development of these young but highly efficient units. We need to understand and realize that the system technological systems in agriculture - one of the most important factors of progress in the science of the production and processing of agricultural products. System process systems have completely new properties are not typical for either production technology of plant and animal products, nor for many of its processing technology. Thus, the complex is created for significant efficiency gains in food production. The purpose of the article - to reveal and analyze the effect of a complex system arising under the influence of various system factors, when combined into a single unit producing and processing agricultural technologies Russia.

Summary. The thermal analysis heat- and mass-exchange of processes has been carried out at heat-moisture of handling of fruits for manufacture of fruit chips. Is suggested resource-saving the technological scheme of a line of processing of fruit and manufactures of fruit chips on the basis of convection and the microwave-drying. The technique is made and results of calculation of thermal expenses for various schemes of manufacture of apple chips are resulted. Thermal expenses for base and offered variants on the basis of balance parities of technological processes and the developed hardware-technological scheme of a line of manufacture of fruit chips with the closed cycle of use of the heat-carrier and the combined convection-microwave-drying of fruit-and-vegetable raw material are certain. Are used recirculation a contour, the heating of the initial raw material fulfilled after drying of pairs and a condensate in the closed contour for creation energy-saving of the "know-how" of a ready product. Comparative thermal efficiency of control surfaces of a line of manufacture of apple chips for the offered technological scheme is shown. Directions of perfection of technological schemes of manufacture of apple chips are certain. Improve the thermal efficiency of the proposed technology facilitates the use of coolant recycling, and the use of heat vapor at various stages of the process, as well as heat exchangers with a capacitor for on-stage heating drained coolant. Useful expenses include heat expended on heating and conversion product. By total losses attributed unused waste heat of coolant, as well as costs due to leaks and mode of working chambers. In order to reduce energy consumption are analyzed and studied heat loss ways to reduce them. It was found that the losses can be reduced through the use of waste after drying coolant heating the dried drying agent and syrup.

Summary. Theoretical and experimental researches of extraction processes from plant origin raw materials: barley, acorns and chicory with liquid carbon dioxide, as well as lupin with cheese whey were carried out. Quality indicators of extracts and secondary raw materials are defined. It is established that they are perspective raw sources for the enriched and functional products as they contain amino acids, vitamins and microelements. The dairy-vegetative lupine extract, for example, contains 17 amino acids, including the essential as well as vitamins and minerals. The studies of secondary raw materials, barley, acorns, chicory and lupine quality showed the expediency of their use for foods enrichment. Quality indicators of secondary raw materials are presented in the tables form in the given work. It formed the basis for the development of hardware-technological schemes of obtaining СО2-extracts and their use. The hardware-technological scheme of obtaining СО2-extracts from barley, acorns and chicory includes a number of equipment units: motor transport for raw materials delivery to the enterprise, the scraper hydroconveyor, the jet washer, a photoseparator for of poor-quality raw materials and impurities removal, a blowing machine for removing surface moisture from the raw materials, a jet washer for peeling, a cutter, drying and frying device, a crusher, a roller machine tool and an extracting unit. Hardware providing for yoghurt technology enriched with amino acids, microelements and vitamins which are present in a dairy-plant extract differs from the mentioned above one in the following. The extract used is a cheese whey, and the extraction of a target component is carried out in a vibrating extractor. The hardwaretechnological scheme is made according to Russian technology of yoghurt and furnished with the equipment for dairy-vegetative extract feeding into a product. It includes the following: a vibrating extractor (not shown in fig. 2), the extract collector, the cover and tube heat exchanger and the refrigerator. Prerequisites reconditions are stated at a heat exchanger choice. The offered scheme can be used in the manufacture of other fermented milk products. Thus, the hardware-technological schemes developed by the authors contribute to the complex processing of secondary raw materials of plant origin which is economically and ecologically expedient.

Summary. The article presents the results of a study of thermophysical properties of fermented wheat raw materials used are described in this experimental method, explained the behavior of graphic curves under different external conditions, given the opportunity to use the results. Possibilities of application of physical characteristics in the design of various designs dryers. Introduced the concept of the fermented wheat feedstock described the appearance of the product and the conditions for its receipt, showing the influence of temperature and moisture on the investigational product. Shows the design of the stand to determine the thermal characteristics of the fermented wheat raw materials using the method of transient thermal regime and describes how it works. Introduced empirical regression equation adequately describe thermal characteristics. Depending on the results of the study are the coefficients of thermal conductivity, specific heat, thermal diffusivity on the moisture content and temperature. The linear dependence shows that with increasing temperature and moisture content of the physical characteristics increase.

Summary. The meaning of system approach to teaching would be specialists for food industry and system structure of integrating technological equipment and methods of machine operation is discussed. Emergence of bioengineering demands a new way of thinking based on synergetics and system approach. In teaching specialists for food industry a system thinking must be directed at establishing functional, structural and parametric essence of machines and apparatuses. The result of system analysis is establishing of dependence of processed object properties on structure of equipment being designed, where the rational way of the process is being founded. In system machinery structure operators, operands and operations function as actions technological equipment with the purpose of assemblage (synthesis) and dismantle (analysis) of food raw is suggested. A system structure of creating ways of fulfilling single mechanic processes connecting two structures: materialand physical properties of raw and machines’ working heads; and two structures of abstract character – machine functions and ways of its operation.

Summary. The article describes validation and development of technology of vitamin, mineral and complex premixes with the introduction of vegetable oil and a set of equipment for its implementation. The two-component mixture was used for research. Crushed wheat was used as the main component, and the metal admixture with magnetic properties, vitamin B2 and salt of micronutrients MnSO4 as key components. Quality of the final mixture was determined by the homogeneity test. Trace components dosing accuracy was determined by dosing vitamins B5 , E, A, and trace-element salts MnSO4 , FeSO4 , CuSO4 . Also introduction of vegetable oil in the filler was researched. When the oil was entering the mixer in an amount of 2 % homogeneity of the filler and oil mixture was 94 %. The oil fine spray was provided by special nozzles design. A pilot mixer consisting of a body having a lower portion of the shape of the double trough and lid is developed for conducting research in mixing vitamins, salts of trace elements with the filler. Inside the case, there are two horizontal shafts, rotating in opposite directions. Each shaft has four rows of blades. In the upper part of the mixer above paddle shafts manifold with injectors is located. The studies found that the accuracy of dosing vitamins B5 , E and A in amounts of 0,02 and 0,2%, does not exceed 1 % of a set weight of component; accuracy of dosing of trace components salts MnSO4, FeSO4, CuSO4 in amounts of 0,2 % does not exceed 1 % of a set weight of component; high quality of mixing provided by a mixer design that implements the fluidized mixing method.

Summary. The task of exergy analysis - evaluation based on the second law of thermodynamics, thermodynamic degree of technical perfection of the whole system, as well as to identify those stages of a technical process, which contains the bulk of the loss of exergy in order to improve its efficiency. Using exergy analysis allows to solve a wide range of technical problems on the basis of a unified thermodynamic methods. Exergy analysis was performed by the method whereby thermotechnological system candied fruit production, conventionally separated from the environment of the closed control surface. Exchange scheme under consideration thermotechnological candied fruit production material, thermal and energy flows to the environment, as well as between the control surfaces. Exergy in external input material streams: air and water and citric acid, as well as output streams without having increment Shih-exergy in the process of passing through the reference surface - of running air-water and after washing, are in thermodynamic equilibrium with the surroundings is zero. In the total number of internal exergy losses include losses from the final result of the temperature difference in the heat exchange between the raw material to be dried and heated air electromechanical arising from irreversible alteration of structural and mechanical properties of the product, and the hydraulic loss due to the sudden increase of the specific volume of air as it enters the working chamber dryer. The resulting exergy efficiency is 8.87 %, which is 3.7 % higher than when using the technology of the prototype based on solar air-dried product. This indicates an increase in the degree of perfection of the thermodynamic system by using microwave heating of the product in combination with the removal of moisture in the atmosphere low temperature coolant, which precludes significant outside exergy loss on drying step.

Summary. The urgency of theme is substantiated and the basic directions of studies are determined. Is substantiated the mechanism of the process of the concentration of liquid media by freezing moisture, that is determined in essence by the conditions for the migration of the molecules of water to the frontal surface of crystallization and their incorporation into the crystal structure of ice. It is shown that the regime of freezing moisture is characterized by the temperature of the heat exchange surface, which receives heat of crystallization of moisture, by the speeds of displacement and with the surface area of the contact of the being transferred heat media, by form and by the concentration of the dissolved substances of product. The process of heat exchange between the surface of crystallization and the workable technological medium is described. The schematic of the work of the experimental freezing out installation and the procedure of experiences is represented. Are investigated a change in the average value of a quantity of frozen out ice from the unit of heat exchange surface, which freezes out installations in the time, reflected in the form of the curves of increase and rate of growth in the icy phase on the surface of the heat exchange elements of area of 0.08 m2 , in 3600 seconds depending on the temperature of the heat exchange surface and initial content of dry matter in the cherry juice. An increase in the initial content of dry matter in the cherry juice at constant temperature of boiling refrigerant in the vaporizer of the freezing out installation nonlinearly reduces the specific quantity of ice, which was being formed on the heat exchange surface. A change in the boiling point of refrigerant also causes a nonlinear increase in the specific quantity of ice, frozen out on the heat exchange surface. The obtained curves of the rate of growth in the icy phase make it possible to isolate the sections of the crystallization of the moisture, which has different nature of connection with the solute. Is investigated a change in the degree of concentration of cherry juice with the freezing from the boiling point of refrigerant and initial content of dry matter. It is shown that the degree of the concentration of cherry juice is reduced with an increase in the initial content of dry matter in it and an increase in the boiling point of refrigerant in the vaporizer of the freezing out installation.

Summary. For raise effectiveness drying process drum-type installation in which drum the mechanism of creation of various zones providing a necessary temperature and hydrodynamic regime of process of drying in process of product passage on a drum and changes in it of a relationship of various forms of communication of a moisture, and also a process intensification at last stage of drying by creation разряжения in a continuous technological stream of drying is provided is offered. The drum provides formation of a zone of separation of heat-transfer agent by means of the dissector, zones of intensive drying by disposing lobate nozzles in chessboard order with a dividing ring, zones of separation of the completed heat-transfer agent from жома as a result of separator installation in which the elliptic disk having cuts on a straight line from edge to the centre places, with formation of the triangular slot for passage dried pulp and heat-transfer agent, and also zones the final drying by performance of a section of a drum matching to a zone perforated on which length are had spring-loaded lobate nozzles representing the blades connected bow-shaped rod with metal plates, had with outer side of a drum and under the form repeating its contour, thus the bow-shaped rod from the interior of a drum which ends are supplied by springs rest against overhead and bottom persistent screw nuts, and blades and metal plates are installed with possibility of twirl concerning a fastening place on a drum and supplied by reinforcing ribs.

Summary. For increase of profitability of the food enterprises, decrease in an ecological trace from technogenic activity of the food industry the concept of development of low-waste and waste-free productions considered on the example of technology of receiving a biodegradable packing material from secondary material resources of food productions is offered: beer pellet, beet press, spirit bards, Pancake week press and bone glue. The technology of receiving biodegradable material from secondary material resources of food productions includes itself the following main stages: dehydration, crushing, mixing, leveling, formation, glazing. Advantage of the offered product consists of: - low cost of packing due to use of secondary material resources and full naturalness (now the raw materials for biodegradable packing specially are grown up on technical fields with use of GMO); - full decomposition in nature less than in 6 months according to GOST R 54533-2011 (EN 13432:2000) "Resource-saving. Packing. Requirements, criteria and the scheme of utilization of packing by means of a composting and biological decomposition"; - presence at the compost received at decomposition, the elements promoting increase of fertility of the soil. Application of technology allows reach at the same time three effects of a positive orientation: economic, ecological and social.

Summary. The article discusses the construction of algorithms for automated processing of microphotos of dairy products. Automated processing of micro photos of dairy products relevant in the study of the degree of homogenization. Microphotos of dairy products contain information about the distribution of fat globules in the mass fractions. Today, there are some of software products, offering image processing and relieving researchers from routine operations manual data processing. But it need to be adapted for performing the processing of microphotos of dairy products. In this paper we propose to use for processing the application package ImageJ for processing image files taken with digital microscope, and to calculate the statistical characteristics of the proposed use of the software package Statistica. Processing algorithm consists of successive stages of conversion to gray scale, scaling, filtering, binarization, object recognition and statistical processing of the results of recognition. The result of the implemented data processing algorithms is the distribution function of the fat globules in terms of volume or mass fraction, as well as the statistical parameters of the distribution (the mathematical expectation, variance, skewness and kurtosis coefficients). For the inspection of the algorithm and its debugging experimental studieswere carried out. Carries out the homogenization of farm milk at different pressures of homogenization. For each sample were made microphoto sand image processing carried out in accordance with the proposed algorithm. Studies have shown the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm in the form of java script for ImageJ and then send the data to a file for the software package Statistica.

Summary. The mathematical model of kinematics of a plastic shaping at the sinking of a thin-walled precision pipe applied to calibration of the ends of the unified elements of the pipeline of aircraft from titanic alloys and corrosion-resistant steel before assembly to the route by means of automatic argon-arc welding of ring joints is developed. For modeling, the power criterion of stability with use of kinematic possible fields of speeds is applied to receiving the top assessment of effort of deformation. The developed model of kinematics of a plastic current allows to receive power parameters of the main condition of process of calibration by sinking and can be used for the solution of a task on stability of process of deformation by results of comparison of power (power) parameters for the main (steady) and indignant states. Modeling is made in cylindrical system of coordinates by comparison of options of kinematic possible fields of the speeds of a current meeting a condition of incompressibility and kinematic regional conditions. The result of the modeling was selected discontinuous field of high-speed, in which the decrease outer radius (R) occurs only by increasing the thickness of the pipe wall (t). For this option the size of pressure of sinking had the smallest value, therefore the chosen field of speeds closely to the valid. It is established that with increase in a step of giving 1 at calibration by the multisector tool the demanded pressure of sinking of q decreases. At an identical step of giving 1 pipe with the smaller relative thickness of (t/r) needs to be calibrated the smaller pressure of sinking. With increase of a limit of fluidity at shift of material of pipe preparation pressure of sinking of (q) increases.

Summary. In the polymerization of butadiene with styrene heat removal is the main factor limiting the output of the cascade reactor. Thus the residence time of the monomers in the reactor exceeds significantly the time necessary to complete the process on the basis of kinetic regularities. To increase the output of the mixture the distribution in the reactor cascade is made. It is necessary to distribute the flow of mixture through the reactor of the cascade to have the resulting polymer of the same viscosity at the outlet of each reactor. The algorithm of distribution of the mixture in the reactor cascade with regard to the synthesis parameters (temperature in the reactor and the feed rate of the mixture, the ratio of the modifier and the initiator in the complex), the number of reactors and a determined dynamic viscosity is developed. In accordance with the developed algorithm the calculation of the velocity of the mixture feed in each reactor of the cascade is made. It is shown that the flow of mixture in each polymerization unit depends on the overall output of the installation and the number of reactors in the cascade. The algorithm for the distribution of the initial mixture in the reactor cascade is developed to provide maximum output of the installation and set the quality of the obtained polymer. To determine the degree of conversion of monomers and temperature conditions of the process of polymerization under the calculated speed of the feed mixture in the first polymerization cascade the basic technological parameters of the polymerization process in real time mode, the calculation using a mathematical model is made. The analysis of the simulation results shows that during the first hour, the concentration of monomers does not exceed of 0.085 mol/l, which corresponds to the degree of conversion of monomer to 99 %, while the temperature in the reactor corresponds to the optimal mode - from 65 to 85 0C.

Summary. In the work the model of quality management of technological processes of the grain processing and mill enterprises is presented. It is shown that flour-grinding production is an important part of agro-industrial complex because it provides production of the main food product of people – flour. The analytical indicators of quality of technological process are presented. The matrix of expert estimates of i-th level of quality for the set combinations of parameters values according to the scheme of complete factorial experiment is made. Considered a model for the calculation of the raw material preparation for milling, which characterizes the main qualities of the processed raw materials. For the purpose of management of quality of technological processes of flour mill the mathematical model which includes calculation of two groups of indicators of an assessment is developed: qualities of preparation of raw materials for a grinding and qualities of conducting technological process. The algorithm of an analytical assessment of indicators of quality of technological process of the flour-grinding enterprises, including the selection of waste, selection of bran, a compliance rate of output of flour-grinding products, compliance rate of moisture products, is offered. The assessment of quality management of technological process of a high-quality grinding on the example of several leading flour-grinding enterprises of Central Federal District is carried out. The two-dimensional model of quality management of technological process based on an analytical indicators of an assessment of quality, an assessment of quality of preparation the raw materials for a grinding and an optimum effective condition of technological process is constructed. It is shown that quality management at the enterprise provides collecting, processing and the analysis of information on a condition of material streams and productions on all of their stages.

Summary. Existing theoretical calculations speeds in areas of horizontal and vertical curves designed for the needs of construction and calculation of cars and can not be used for valuation. When calculating the value of the coefficient of friction velocity determined at full wheel lock that does not correspond to the actual conditions of braking stability conditions of the car within its lane. The article proposes to calculate the permissible vehicle speed for the sites of horizontal and vertical curves on forest roads from the requirement car stop within the zone of visibility without buckling considering assumptions: during braking movement remains manageable, the driver keeps the car in the outside lane; magnitude of the angular velocity of the steering wheel is small; fully utilized inhibitory properties least loaded wheel; cornering power coefficient of resistance of tires depends little on the change of loads on the bus; low rolling resistance. Studied are normal reactions to the vehicle wheels when braking, namely found that if the friction coefficient on the road for less than the calculated optimal braking, the restriction on the braking occurs danger of losing control of the car skidding due to the front wheels. If the coefficient of friction on the road more than the calculated optimal braking, the braking force limitation occurs for blocking the rear axle. When comparing full stopping distance with the existing area of visibility is determined permissible speed.

Summary. The technological process of thermal oxidative degradation on the basis of initiator fractional loading is considered. The advantage of controlled degradation at the initiator fractional loading in order to provide continuous dosing of the initiator with high accuracy is difficult in industrial environments. Slight deviations caused by dispensers error, can significantly change the kinetics of degradation, due to high sensitivity of the initiator concentration. From the point of view of the technology realization the process of fractional dosing initiator is more convenient. It is shown that carrying out the controlled degradation under identical initial conditions reaction, we manage to reduce significantly the time of the process to the desired degree of degradation. The reaction time is reduced to more than 1.5 times. Carrying out a controlled degradation allows implement the projected degradation by linear law depending on time. Kinetics linearity is provided at a continuous loading of initiator and as well as a fraction loading. In this case the fractional loading should be done at regular intervals of time. The reaction time is control parameter in both control regimes which is linearly connected with to the given degree of degradation. In this case, the opportunity to control software arises, herewith we need know only the initial quality of the polymer, i.e. its initial number average molecular weight. The calculated dependences, which allow estimate a single loading initiator value, depending on the period of the fractional dosages of initiator are obtained. An approximate calculation linear dependence of the degradation process kinetics in the case of initiator continuous loading and under fractional loading are shown.

Summary. Realization of metrological testing information-measuring complex road laboratories to automate the geometry of the road requires the development of theoretical foundations and methods of their implementation. As the main research method adopted the method of comparing the accuracy of the results obtained with it, with similar results obtained based on survey. In this survey data taken in the main, because they have the highest accuracy. An algorithm for statistical processing of measurement results areas of forest roads using test-measuring system. The paper presents an algorithm for determining the geometric variables on the example of two roads: the angle of rotation, the length of the curve. The authors have developed a formula that allows to assess the accuracy of measurement of the angles of rotation axis of the road on the road with the help of rounded to reflect changes in laboratory error depending on averaging the results (number of shuttle drives ) and to determine the optimal number of driveways. Also in the article formula is proposed to evaluate the accuracy of determining the length of the curve curvature using road laboratory. Error in measuring the length of a curve is proposed to determine the position errors start and end points of curvature. When traveling laboratory "round-trip " by rounding can obtain an average length of a curve to be more precise definition of this unit of length for each passage. The method developed can be applied to determine all the remaining geometric variables of the road.

Summary. In constant aspiration to decrease in expenses in the course of production of meat of broilers many processes are automated, and quality of many of the Russian overworking enterprises doesn't concede to the international standards any more. However the domestic enterprises sustain still considerable losses on decrease in categorization and deterioration of carcasses of the broilers which are handed over on slaughter. Quality of fowl depends on a number of factors. Process of devocalization has the defining impact on qualitative characteristics of finished goods. A number of factors which prove use of a gas way of devocalization is revealed (higher level of an bloodless allows to improve quality of meat, the gas which is applied in system of devocalization lulls a bird and allows to give a bird to the line of an unconscious hinge plate). Use of a gas way allows to get rid in many respects of problems inherent in an electric method of devocalization of a bird: electric discharges before devocalization, unevenness of categories, restoration of activity of a bird after devocalization, traumatism; unevenness of bloodless, difficult working conditions of operators of a hinge plate (dust, noise and other), need of fixing of a live bird, different quality of devocalization of different weight bird. In article data on studying of influence of devocalization of a bird are provided in the controlled gas environment on indicators of quality of meat of broilers. Comparison of ways of devocalization is carried out: gas and electric. Consistent patterns of change of pH in fowl depending on a way of devocalization are determined. On the basis of the obtained research data it is possible to draw a conclusion on expediency of use of a method of gas devocalization at slaughter and primary processing of broilers that will allow to increase competitiveness of domestic poultry farming significantly.

Summary. The data and methods for the preparation of deep processing of wheat germ and their impact on the physical and chemical properties of the final products. It was found that for use in food technology is preferable to use a method is-cold-pressed wheat germ, under which the processed products do not present a residual amount of solvents and other non-food components. Given food and biological characteristics of wheat germ and products deep processing, it was found that they contain vitamin E, A, D, vitamin group В, more than 20 macro- and microelements. Methods of extracting oil from different types raw materials. Analyzed the functional role of ω-6 and ω -3 fatty acids for the human body and ways to maintain balance. A review of plant oils, the prospects of its use to create food systems balanced composition of fatty acids. It was found that the ratio of ω-6 and ω -3 fatty acids in wheat germ oil does not meet the recommended therefore to establish the necessary balance it is preferable to mix amaranth oil and pumpkin. Classified the factors affecting the quality parameters of wheat germ stored, evaluated the role of the enzyme complex during storage of wheat germ and their products deep processing. It was found that a significant effect on the damage of wheat germ has a dual action of lipase, lipoxygenase and catalase. Given the storage and stabilization of wheat germ, shows the potential use of stabilizers to increase the shelf life of wheat germ. As stabilizers, preference is given to compositions of organic acids: ascorbic, succinic and fumaric. It is proved that the composition of organic acids suppress the activity of lipase and lipoxygenase catalase by wheatgerm type noncompetitive inhibition. A review of the technologies used wheat germ and products of their complex processing in medical, cosmetic, feed and food industry. Evaluated the potential application of wheat germ and products deep processing industry of functional and therapeutic nutrition.

Summary. The knowledge of regularities of deformation behavior of the processed confectionery masses with certain rheological properties allows to calculate parameters of shaping process and to select processing equipment for its carrying out. The article studies the obtaining of the rheological equation of deformation behavior of sugar dough in the conditions of monoaxial compression which is realized in sugar cookies dough pieces formation processes. The results of the pilot studies confirming adequacy of the offered rheological equation are presented. The behavior of an elastic-, viscous- and plastic body in the conditions of quasistatic test for creeping during which the set size is tension, and the measured one is relative deformation is considered. The main rheological properties of sugar dough received experimentally are given. Values of rheological constants are received and it is revealed that at 95% confidential probability, the rheological equation for the general deformation of an elastic-, viscous- and plastic body adequately describes experimental data. The maximum fault thus makes 2,3%. It is established that dough pieces shaping processes from the sugar dough possessing visco- and plastic properties should be realized at an external tension (power impact from the forming body) which exceeds a limit of fluidity of the dough formed. The level of external tension, as well as the duration of its influence (that is formation duration) should be chosen taking into account the residual deformations in the processed mass which guarantee giving of a certain geometrical form and drawing on a surface of dough pieces. The rheological model of sugar dough allows to predict its deformation behavior in the formation conditions, and to calculate the parameters of sugar dough formation process.

Summary. The article discusses and analyzes the issues of school nutrition in order to improve its quality in educational institutions on the basis of modern technology of new products increased nutritional value. Balanced diet - an important factor in the prevention of nutrition-related diseases pupils, promote healthy and high efficiency. For school meals is important to respect the recommended norms physiological needs of the organism in nutrients and energy. However, the existing system of school meals should be based on developed and recognized scientific basis and the requirements of the science of nutrition. The results of research the possibility of using dry dairy products as ingredients of protein bars, for school meals based on the determination of the thermodynamic characteristics by differential scanning microcalorimetry. Scientifically based and developed a thermodynamic approach to the process of production of protein bars for assessing the degree of change in the thermodynamic characteristics of prescription components. Found that the structure of the protein, the amount of bound moisture play a key role in shaping and changing the rheological properties of protein bars using whey protein, causing the quality of finished products.

Summary. Irregular and inadequate feeding of cows is the cause of disadvantaged calving, weak calves at birth, poor development and low productivity of animals. Currently an increasing interest in veterinary specialists raise funds to improve productivity and resistance of productive animals. Special attention should be paid to the therapeutic and prophylactic use most close to natural and environmentally friendly veterinary drugs. They will allow physiological correction of the pathology of farm animals and at the same time will ensure that no animal products are harmful to human health drug metabolites. The results of experimental studies and field tests suggest that immune modulators for wide implementation in practice of industrial livestock and poultry. This is a costeffective and will significantly improve the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the resulting animal products. Immunomodulators are safe in Toxicological terms and possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects. Addition of immunomodulators on the immune system of farm animals favorable effect of humic drugs. They enhance the quality of young animals, reduce the incidence of birth and postpartum pathology breeding stock, increase average daily gain of animals beef cattle productivity, increase resistance and preservation of animals of different species and different technological groups. Humic drugs enhance immunity, increase the activity of the cellular and humoral immunity, reduce the amount of products of lipid peroxidation and increase the activity of enzymes-antioxidants, have a regulating effect on system of a hemopoiesis, normalize synthetic and detoxification of the liver.

Summary. Modern ecological state of the environment and human unhealthy diet cause many diseases. A healthy diet is the one that contains adequate amounts of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, macronutrients and micronutrients. Photosynthesis i. e. the process by which plants produce organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water, is the source of life, the source of evolution and proliferation of life forms on the Earth. Thus, the juice made from sprouted barley provides physiologically active chlorophyll, macronutrients and micronutrients, vitamins А, В2 , В3 , В5 , В6 , В8 , Е and К. It is well known that light from a red laser with a wavelength of 638.2 nm has a stimulating action on the germination energy, germination ability and productivity of seeds, and on the crop yields. Therefore, this research is of primary importance today. The research result produced a sharp decline in plant vigor and germinating capacity of barley when soaking in 1n sodium carbonate solution, as well as changes in the ratio of potassium-sodium balance in plants. Thus at lower concentrations of sodium carbonate and 0.1 n sodium increasing of pigment content in barley is observed on the seventh day. The red laser light has a similar stimulating action: the chlorophyll content of barley plants increased after the red laser treatment of barley seeds. However, the chlorophyll contents were depressed when the seeds were exposed to far red light with wavelengths of 754±10 nm. Using these factors, one can manage the content of chlorophyll and sodium-potassium balance in the initial stages of barley ontogenesis in the technology of barley juice or the powder for a healthy and proper human diet.

Summary. A series of experiments on the preparation of fondant sweets with partial replacement of sugar by 2-4 % of chicory semi-product were carried out. The analysis of differential and integral distribution curves of particles and sucrose crystals in fondant showed that dispersity reduces with the increase in the chicory content. The effect of fructose and fiber on fondant structure formation was evaluated. A fructose, being an antycrystallizer, delays the crystal structure formation, the fiber due to the high hydrophilicity and water retention capacity on the one hand enhances the supersaturation of the liquid phase, and on the other hand increases mass effective viscosity, which results in the formation of the crystal structure and the liquid phase of high viscosity. Fondant rheological characteristics were defined. Analysis of fondant mass flow curves with powdered chicory semi-product showed them to be pseudo plastic rheological bodies regardless of the recipe. Structural and mechanical properties of the fondant mass during molding depend on the moisture and other liquid components contents, temperature, strain rate, mechanical impact duration, etc. Studies of fondant mass structuring process in room conditions (20 °C) showed that structure formation process accelerates with increase in chicory concentration and the plastic strength of sweets is significantly higher at 3% chicory content as compared to 2 % content. A comparative analysis of fondant sweets quality indexes with various chicory dosages was carried out. Increase in dosage of additives in sweets increases the percentage of reducing substances that slows drying of products during storage and extends their shelf life. The increase in dosage of additives in sweets increases the percentage of reducing substances that slow drying of products during storage and extend their shelf life. The liquid phase content is directly proportional to the dosage of chicory. The technology of making fondant sweets with addition of roasted chicory semi-product while tempering fondant is developed. High nutritional value product was obtained and technological characteristics of production were enhanced by increasing the viscosity and the plastic strength of fondant . The duration of the fondant sweets structure formation while proving significantly reduced, and scrap rate decreased.

The development of new food products for ensuring a healthy diet, with the broadening of the range of new products with improved nutritional value, improved and predetermined properties to supply the body with essential nutrients is of primary importance today. The investigations deal with the monitoring of physical- and chemical parameters of the kvass wort prepared with different feedstock before and after the fermentation process; with the study of influence of beverages components on the kvass fermentation duration, with the justification of lacto- and bifidobacteria use, determining their functional properties in beverage technology. The use of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus plantarum species strain-8P 3A in beverage technology allows you to: reduce the fermentation period from 16 - 18 hours (according to the classical scheme of kvass production ) to 12.5 - 14.5 hours; increase the resistance of kvass to 6 days, compared to the approved Standard for 5 days bottled kvass ; increase the shelf life of the finished kvass to 16 days at a storage temperature from 0 to +6 °C, compared to kvass samples prepared with B.longum №1-n, probably due to the synthesis of bacteriocins. The use of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium bifidum species strain №1 in beverage technology allows you to: reduce the fermentation period from 16-18 hours (according to the classical scheme of kvass production ) to 12,5-14,0 hours; increase kvass resistance up to 7 days; increase the shelf life of the finished kvass to 18 days at a storage temperature from 0 to +6 °C, compared to kvass samples prepared with B.longum 1 n L.plantarum. The analysis of the data obtained reveals the application prospects of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium bifidum species strain №1 in kvass technology which will increase the resistance of beverages compared to the characteristic of the approved standard.

Summary. This article contains information about newly developed technologies cupcakes with making fine powder (product recycling) and water extract of the fruit of the wild rose may (Rosa majalis). Given the chemical composition of the deposited product of the processing of the fine powder hips may. The aim of this study is to develop and scientific substantiation of technologies of production of flour confectionery products, in particular cupcakes, with superior quality with the use of additives rosehip may. The results of experimental studies on changes of physico-chemical properties of the dough during fermentation, depending on the amounts of applied additives and modifying complex indicators of the quality of finished products. Based on the data produced optimal ratios make product recycling and extract from the fruits of medicinal plants in Central Russia hips may (Rosa majalis) recipe cake products. See recipe cake products with optimal ratios introduced, enriching the product components. Based on the results of organoleptic and physico-chemical evaluation of the quality of finished products obtained from the samples of the test, the values obtained comprehensive quality indicators. The conclusion is that the best physico-chemical and organoleptic quality, has been studied in a laboratory study, are the samples with the introduction of the product refining of fine powder rosehip 3.6 % from the total amount of wheat flour and rosehip extract 5.7 % instead of the water in the recipe.

Summary. This article discusses the relationship structure of the diene and styrene-butadiene copolymers (SBR), the structure of the part of the initiating system of n-butyl lithium + modifier, which is a mixed alkoxide of an alkali and alkaline earth metals, which allows to control the microstructure of the diene polymer and its molecular weight characteristics. Alcohol derivatives selected high-boiling alcohols tetra (hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine (lapromol - 294) and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (TGFS). The scheme of obtaining styrene-butadiene random copolymers (SBR) with a high content (64 ± 4 %) of vinyl units was developed. The process of copolymerization with sodium-calcium-lithium complex Са(С4Н9 )2 • С4Н9Na • LiOR was carried out. After water decontamination residues deactivated complex remain in the polymer as a filler. Studied the copolymerization of butadiene with styrene in the presence of lithium amide, which is obtained on the basis of the alcohols containing the group - NH -. With the increasing solubility of the branching alkoxides increases in hydrocarbon solvents. Found that sodium alkoxide hydroxypropyl aniline decane insoluble, the sodium alcoholate hydroxypropyl toluidine soluble in decane. The results of studies of the effect of mixed alkoxides oxypropylated aromatic secondary amines on the structure of diene polymers. The Providing the necessary initiation systems for preparing functionalized polymers. It was revealed that secondary amines from which the lithium amides are inactive, so the polymerization of monomers was carried out in the presence of electron as that used glycol ethers - diglyme, THF, 2,2 - ditetragidrofurfuril propane, which increase polymer-filler interaction. The results of research of the microstructure of the diene part of SBR obtained in the mixed alkali metal alkoxide with a mixture of lapromol alcohols, toluidine and TGFS showed that increasing toluidine consisting of mixed modifier reduces the amount of 1,2-polybutadiene and increases the amount of 1,4-trans units. This regulation allows the development of the microstructure of SBR tread rubber for the tire industry with a high complex consumer properties.

Summary. Influence of the nature of a sorbent and acidity of solution of the irreplaceable coded amino acid – methionine on its interaction with phosphate ion exchangers KRF-5p and KF-7 in the protonated form with use of calorimetric, sorption and spectroscopic methods is studied. With use of the equations of isotherms of an ionic exchange, material balance and constants of dissociation of amino acid exchange and not exchange sorption capacities are calculated. It is established that irrespective of number of functional groups in a cell of a polymeric matrix, coefficients of sorption balance for both cation exchangers are close, and values of sorption capacity on anion of methionine are slightly higher, than in a bipolar form. The direct calorimetric method determined enthalpies of sorption of methionine at various extents of filling of an ion exchanger, is shown that at identical extents of filling of sorbents of an enthalpy of sorption is one KF-7 lower, than on KRF-5p. The conducted researches allowed to assume that from sour solution at low extents of filling the bipolar ion of methionine is absorbed, an ion of hydrogen of the protonated ion exchangers, not forced out in solution, and passes to carboxyl group of amino acid, neutralizing its negative charge. From the alkaline environment at low concentration of methionine ion-exchange sorption with transfer of a proton from ionogenic group of the cation exchanger to carboxyl group of methionine is most probable. It is established that sorption of amino acid is influenced, mainly, by an arrangement of active groups in a matrix of a sorbent and a form of the absorbed amino acid. It is shown that primary sorption centers are functional groups of ion exchangers, and additional – the absorbed amino acids.

Summary. Ion-exchangers intensively interact with polar solvents. Studying of the mechanism of interaction of chemisorption fibers with water and definition of amount of kinetic non-uniform solvent is necessary for understanding of processes of hydration and dehydration. The data obtained are of practical and theoretical interest in the study of ion exchange and complexation. The purpose of this work - the study of hydration and dehydration during chemisorption-fiber VION COP-3 in cadmium and nickel forms The state of water in sulfur-containing ion-exchange fibers with functional groups –SO3H was estimated by the thermogravimetric analysis and isopiestic methods. Isotherms of sorption of vapors of water are received. The presence of water with different degrees of binding was confirmed. Influence of the nature of the ions sating fiber on the course of isotherms of sorption is revealed. From results of thermogravimetric researches, the hydration numbers of fiber corresponding to each stage of water removal were determined. The Gibbs free energies of hydration of cadmic and nickel forms of fiber were calculated. The greatest changes of Gibbs free energies are characteristic for the initial stage of sorption of vapors of water.

Summary. In the prevention of gastric diseases flexible optical fiber harness with camera and lighting after its extraction from the stomach is subjected to disassembly and continuous sterilization. Protection flexible optical fiber tourniquet, disposable and transparent sheath reduces the duration of the disassembly and sterilization. As the material for the shell of the recommended developed by the Voronezh branch of the FSUE "NIISK" high-styrene block copolymers Styrotep-65. The aim of this work was the development of technologies for films, protective shells of TEC and estimation of their technical parameters. As a benchmark comparison was tested extruded film Styrotep-65. The orientation of the macromolecules of the polymer along the sleeve during extraction provided the anisotropy of the properties of the film along and across the sleeves. In the study of properties of solutions of thermoplastic elastomer is established that the increase in solution viscosity provides greater film thickness in a single dunking them in forms. We investigated the effect of the concentration of a solution Styrotep-65 in toluene and the speed of rotation of a spindle of a Brookfield viscometer PV-E on their viscosity. With increasing concentration of the polymer solution with 19,0 to 26.8 % of the mass. the level of viscosity was increased from 104 to 330 MPa•S. In the interval of increasing the rotational speed of the spindle from 2.0 to 10.0 rpm viscosity solutions is not dependent on the concentration increased due to manifestations of thixotropy. A further increase in the speed of rotation of the spindle 10 to 100 rpm did not affect the viscosity of the solutions. This is true for ideal fluids. Film cast on a horizontal surface of the cellophane from a 10 % toluene solution, was characterized by lower strength than extruded, but with a large elongation at break. Determined the impact of the multiplicity of dipping forms in solution and polymer solution concentration, layer thickness and nature of the substrate on the elastic strength properties of the films. Determined the impact of the multiplicity of dipping forms in solution and polymer solution concentration, layer thickness and nature of the substrate on the elastic strength properties of the films. Maximum strength and the highest elongation at rupture of membranes achieved at three times the dunking form in solution Styrotep-65 with a concentration of 19 % of the mass. The increase in the number of dives forms in the solution was reduced scatter of shell thickness. Under higher magnification, the diameter of the fixed forms of the manifestation of the anisotropy of the properties in the longitudinal and transverse cross section of the membranes due to the orientation of the macromolecules of the polymer along the transverse perimeter of the shell. Confirmed that the increase in the shell thickness leads to a decrease of the translucent ability, measured by a gloss FB-2 and Mono-Spectrum SF-56. Noticed a decrease in light transmission when the thicknesses of the membranes more than 0.15 mm. It is shown that with increase of the wavelength of light grew exponentially. The increase in the thickness of the shells Styrotep-65 from 0.14 to 0.19 mm resulted in a slight decrease in light transmission in the visible and infrared wavelength range from 450 to 750 nm. In the method for casting membranes, determined their optimal thickness based on elastic-strength indicators, identified the effect of the anisotropy properties of the membranes in the longitudinal and transverse cross-section.

Summary. The rapid development of industry and increase its competitiveness requires the development of new materials, including polymer composites based on polyamides. In order to improve the performance and expand the applications of the polyamide binder is introduced particulate and fibrous fillers. Organic fibers, as compared with other polymers are of good wetting, high bonding strength with the matrix less prone to breakage, high specific strength and stiffness. The aim of the work is the creation and study of the properties of composites based on polyamide - PA-6 aliphatic and aromatic - phenylon C-1, filled polyimide fibers arimid-T. The technology of preparation of polymer compositions comprised of the following steps: mixing, pelletizing, drying and molding. Mixing of the compositions was performed in a rotating electromagnetic field. Under the action of the rotating electromagnetic field, ferromagnetic particles cаme into intensive chaotic motion, which leads to a uniform distribution of fibers in a polymer matrix. Molding samples was performed by compression molding. We study the thermal, physical, mechanical and tribological properties of polymer composites created. It was established that the reinforcement polyamides leads to increased strength characteristics composites. For organic plastics (OР) based on the C-1 phenylon reinforced 15% of the mass Arimida-T, yield strength in compression, Rockwell hardness, modulus of elasticity, microhardness higher than the starting polymer at 13; 61, 20 and 68%, respectively. For ОР based on PA-6, the compressive yield stress and break microhardness modulus of elasticity with increasing degree of reinforcement binder increases by 47, 54, 25 and 36%, respectively. The highest wear resistance and low friction have composites based on PA-6 (30 % of the mass аrimida-T) and through phenylon C-1 (15 % of the mass оf the fiber). Thermophysical composites research confirmed the presence of interactions at the interface fiber-binder.

Summary. Recycling plastic waste to focus on. The main type of used products made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a container from the various types of beverages. There was considered a possibility of waste of PET (bottles, bottles, packaging containers) by pyrolysis. Most of the proposed methods are not suitable for recycling (recycling) of waste consumption contamination. Purpose - to develop technological foundations and optimum modes waste PET to obtain useful secondary products, taking into account the energy of chemical intramolecular bonds. Applied scientific basis of recycling PET into useful forms of secondary products, in particular the establishment of the collapse of the intramolecular bonds, depending on the temperature of the pyrolysis method of mathematical processing - differentiation of polynomial equations change in the degree of pyrolysis temperature-dependent. The optimum modes of processing. The block diagram of apparatus for processing contaminated waste PET pyrolysis methods of control processing in accordance with the specified composition of secondary products. The possibility of controlling the amount and types of fuel components of secondary products due to measurable parameters of the pyrolysis process. The effective temperature pyrolysis of waste PET with the CCA-tures energy intramolecular bonds.

Summary. The concentrated sodium sulfate solution is formed during the processing of waste battery scrap. A promising way to further treatment of the concentrated salt solution could be the conversion of these salts into acid and bases by electrodialysis, that can be reused in the same technical process cycle. For carrying out the process of conversion of salts into the corresponding acid and base several cells schemes with different combinations of cation, anion and bipolar membranes are used. At this article a comparative analysis of these cells is carried out. In the cells there were used the membranes МC-40, МА-41 and МB-2I. Acid and base solutions with higher concentration may be obtained during the process of electrodialysis in the circulation mode, when a predetermined amount of salt in the closed loop is run through a set of membranes to obtain the desired concentration of the product. The disadvantages of this method are the high cost of buffer tanks and the need to work with small volumes of treated solutions. In industrial applications it is advisable to use continuous electrodialysis with bipolar membranes, since this configuration allows to increase the number of repeating sections, which is necessary to reduce the energy costs. The increase of the removal rate of salts can be achieved by increasing the process steps, and to produce a more concentrated products after the conversion step can be applied electrodialysis-concentrator or evaporator.

Summary. Priority social problem in the Russian Federation is to provide diverse populations rational healthy diet, taking into account their traditions and economic status. Solving this problem requires the development of processing industries of agriculture on the basis of the improvement of existing and creation of new energy-saving environmentally friendly technologies that can provide deep, if possible without waste, recycling of raw materials. Therefore, the aim of research was the development of technology for production of sugar beet chips. Technology is as follows: sugar beet supplied into the washing machine to remove dirt from its surface. Washed roots inspect on conveyor belts. Next pure sugar beets sent to steam-heat treatment for cleaning the skin. After the beets is subjected to cutting by combining this process with a treatment with an aqueous solution of citric acid. Then he sent for the drying process is completed upon reaching a product of moisture content of 4-5 %. Drying chips feature is that under the high temperature reaction proceeds melanoidins between proteins and sugars present in sugar beet. As a result, the product obtained has the following characteristics: gold-yellow color; absence of a characteristic odor of sugar beet; pleasant sour taste; humidity of 4-5%. Thus, the new technology is relevant, because now the chips are one of the most popular products, ready to eat. A beet chips are rich in dietary fiber (pectin, hemicellulose and cellulose) - 4-5 % minerals - macroelements (potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus), trace elements (iron, zinc, copper, manganese) - 0.5-0.6 %, and are the product of a functional food.

Summary. The article presents data on the development of technology and qualitative research, bio-products «Healing-1». One of the promising directions in food biotechnology is the development of new integrated starter-based consortia of microorganisms, which have higher activity compared with cultures prepared using pure cultures. So it was interesting studies on the development of new biotechnology and bio-based microbial consortium of lactic acid bacteria. Based on the analysis of biotechnological properties of native cultures created a new consortium of microorganisms containing lactic acid streptococci and bacilli, allowing the maximum extent possible to implement the physiological, biochemical and technological potential of microorganisms. Scientifically substantiated and experimentally developed a new biotechnology production of bioproducts «Healing-1», obtained on the basis of microbial consortium with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. Experimentally investigated quality parameters of organic food «Healing-1» using a new microbial consortium as freshly prepared and during storage. Found that antagonistic activity of microflora bio «Healing-1» with respect to pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria, as well as its resistance to substances in the gastrointestinal tract of man is more pronounced compared to bioproducts obtained using a separate starter, members of the microbial consortium. It should be noted a more pronounced synthesis of exopolysaccharides in bioproduct «Healing-1», which leads to increased viscosity of the system and improves the consistency of bio. New bioproducts have good organoleptic characteristics and contain a high number of viable cells of lactic acid bacteria. High stability and survival of lactic acid bacteria during storage. In the study of attacked proteins bioproducts digestive proteinases «in vitro» found that the fermentation of milk microbial consortium increases the digestibility of organic food «Healing-1». The results of the research testify to their high consumer properties and nutritional value.

Summary. One of the major causes of decline in the quality of granulated sugar is bacterial contamination of sugar beet. This is due to the fact that the beet-sugar industry is a good object for the development of different groups of microorganisms. The main sources of infection of products of sugar manufacture can be soil, water, air, packaging, packaging materials, vehicles, clothing, equipment. The higher the beet contamination with the microorganisms, the more they decompose sucrose and secrete metabolic byproducts. In this regard, there is a need to reduce the negative impact of various groups of microorganisms and to minimize the loss of sucrose from decomposition. In accordance with the problem given the studies to determine the bacteriostatic properties of chlorinated compounds for sugar production were carried out. We used the cultivated fluid colonized with a pure culture of Leuconostoc mesenteroides and reagent treated as an object of study. In the experiments, we determined the accumulation of biomass of L. mesenteroides with nephelometric method by measuring the optical density of bacterial suspension. It was found out that after 24 hours of bacterial culturing the level of optical density in the control and active acidity were considerably higher compared with the sample treated with germicide. The number of microorganisms in the nutrient medium was determined by Vinogradsky-Shulgina-Brid’s. According to the study in the control is 1,7*10^16, in experiment with the introduction of the chlorinated compound it is 5,8*10^14. The experimental results show that the investigated chlorinated compound has bacteriostatic action against grampositive cocci saprophytic of L. mesenteroides and can be recommended for use in a sugar beet production.

Summary. Active enzyme synthesis micromycetes thermotolerance at elevated temperatures incentives presence of acidic amino acids in the medium. In mesophilic micromycetes increased content of unsaturated fatty acids and reduced enzyme activity The effect of elevated temperature on the biosynthesis of glucoamylases and quantitative changes of some low molecular weight components in cells Aspergillus fungi. The object of the Exploration were taken micromycetes Aspergillus awamori WUD-T-2 and Aspergillus awamori Czech strain. Strains were cultivated for 96 hours at temperatures of 30, 40, 45 ° C in 750 cm3 flasks on shuttel - unit with a frequency of rotation of the 4-to-1. It has been established that the increase of the temperature of cultivation thermotolerance micromycetes from 30 to 45 ° C in those chenie 96 h increases intracellular content of amino acids, especially glutamic and aspartic and mono acyl glyceride and polar lipids, triglycerides of fatty acids having an even number of carbon atoms. Increasing the temperature of cultivation thermotolerance strain helped to increase the content of these lipid fractions; at mesophilic strain their content decreased at 45 oC. In the mycelium of the fungus Aspergillus awamori WUD-T-2, an increase in temperature causes an increase in the synthesis of palmitic and stearic acids, linoleic and linoene decreases. From a strain of Aspergillus awamori stкфшт Czech amounts of saturated fatty acids has changed little, is unsaturated - is reduced. Glucoamylase activity in the mycelium and culture fluid thermotolerance achievement-a maximum at 45 ° C, in the mesophile - at 40 oC. Thus, at supraoptimal temperatures culturing Aspergillus awamori WUD-T-2 is enhanced metabolic processes producing by hydrophobic interactions and s-amino acids with the ionized-COOH groups increased content of saturated fatty acids, thereby increasing biosynthesis glucoamylase, which was not observed in mesophyll strain.

Summary. Applicable for sulfitation equipment should provide a high degree of utilization of sulfur dioxide, which should allow to reduce the cost of production of sugar by reducing fuel sulfur and improve the ecological situation in the placement of a sugar factory. Currently used as standard equipment the liquid-jet sulfitator type A2-PSK and A2-PSM have disadvantages, the main ones are: unsatisfactory performance when the flow solution to be treated and released into the atmosphere from the combustion products nutritionally sulfur. Modernized standard liquid spray sulfitator to improve performance without significant cost, even if the treated liquid flow. A positive result with this work sulfitator achieved due to the fact that the mixing chamber is provided with a device for controlling the flow cross section of holes disc formed as it moves in the ring attached thereto with tapered fingers. Sulfitator is a cylindrical body provided with a sulfited separator for separating liquid and flue gas. By using a separator attached flange connection mixing chamber sulfitation source liquid and a gas supply pipe provided with sulfur dioxide placed inside a disk having five openings for forming jets of high dynamic fluid flow control device and a disk hole section formed in a chamber in the movable ring attached to it, tapered fingers. The form allows the fingers to create a flow of fluid through the disc hole, flowing at high speed and maintain a constant positive pressure to drive the liquid in the mixing chamber. When changing the amount of fluid supplied to the sulfitation ring having tapered fingers moves the fingers and alter the orifice holes, maintaining the pressure of the sugar solution prior to manufacturing the disk constant. This improves the contact of the liquid with the gas. The designed device can improve the efficiency of physical and chemical treatment of liquid intermediates of sugar production.

Summary.The results of measurements of complex biological tissues electrical resistance of vegetable origin are presented. The measurements were performed at T=296 K in the frequency range from 5 to 500 kHz. As the electrodes were covered with tin (purity of 99.9%) copper plates.. Experimentally investigated the following objects: samples parenchymal tissue of Apple in the form of cylinders with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 20 mm; Apple juice, obtained by mechanical destruction of cells; pressed Apple pulp (juice content of not more than 20%)obtained by the centrifugal separation, which destroyed the system of cells. For plant tissue with a holistic system of cells in the field 103 - 105 Hz is observed pronounced minimum angle of phase shift. In the absence of cells and its value is greatly reduced .The equivalent electrical circuit fabrics are considered. The calculation of all its elements is made. The equivalent capacitance of the electrical double layer at the interface of metal measuring electrode and extracellular fluid is element of C1 . The electrical resistance of this layer alternating current is characterized by the element R1 . Chain parallel connected resistance and capacitance describes the system of plant cells. The capacitance C2 is due to the electrical capacity of the cell membranes, and the resistance R2 is the electrical resistance of the membranes and intracellular space.The coincidence of experimental and calculated data in a frequency range of more than 103 Hz satisfactory. In the region of lower frequencies is observed differences. This may be due to the specific behavior of the electrical double layer. However, in the frequency region where the electrical properties of the cell structure of the investigated tissue match good, which proves the validity of the considered equivalent circuit. It is shown that the value of the complex electrical impedance of vegetable tissue in the frequency range from 103 Hz to 105 allows receiving the cell structure electrical parameters: the characteristic frequency, the electric resistance and capacitance. In practice, these parameters can be used to identify the product and evaluate the influence degree of various external factors on its quality.

Summary. Enzymes subclass glycosidases cleaving poly- and oligosaccharides to simple sugars, are of great practical importance for a variety of industries. Such enzymes include α-L-fucosidase and β-fructofuranosidase. α-L-fucosidase splits fucoidan kelp to fucose and fucooligosaccharides. Fucose has prebiotic, immunotropic action, and a wide spectrum of biological activity in vertebrates, fucooligosaccharides - antioxidant and prebiotic properties. In this regard, and fucose polymers may be demanded in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industry. β-fructofuranosidase sucrose hydrolysis with the formation of invert syrup high quality and biological value that is of interest to the sugar industry. In order to intensify the processes of hydrolysis of fucoidan and sucrose due to the higher stability and reusability of enzyme preparations carried immobilization α-L-fucosidase on chitosan and β-fructofuranosidase of ion exchange brand FIBAN A-6 adsorption method. Activity of the immobilized α-L-fucosidase and β-fructofuranosidase were 80 and 70% of the activity of the free enzyme, respectively. Found that immobilized β-fructofuranosidase exhibits maximal activity at pH 4,0-4,1, the immobilized α-L-fucosidase - at pH 7,0. The optimal pH of immobilized enzymes similar to those for the free enzyme. Optimal temperature hydrolysis substrates immobilized α-L-fucosidase and β-fructofuranosidase was 50 and 70 ° C respectively, 10 ° C and 20 ° C higher compared to free enzymes. Studies have shown sufficient stability of immobilized glycosidases, so at 4-fold using their enzymatic activity decreased by 1.5 times; Biocatalysts obtained in storage in the refrigerator for 4-6 months retained 80% of the catalytic activity of enzymes.

Summary. Experimental data on an acid and thermal inactivation of a high refined inulinase (2,1-β-D- fructanfructanohydrolase, KF 3.2.17), produced by the race of Saccharomyces cerevisiae VGSh-2 yeast are presented. The strain of S. cerevisiae VGSh-2 was produced by the method of the induced mutagenesis and deposited to the collection of pure cultures of the chair of biochemistry and biotechnology of Voronezh state university of engineering technologies. The cells of source culture (S. cerevisiae XII) were affected step-by-step by the ultra-violet radiation (UFR) and UFR in a complex with a chemical mutagen (etilenimine). The culture was grown up by the method of liquid-phase deep cultivation on a constant nutrient medium. Refining conditions for inulinase are sorted out. Activity of enzyme dependence on physical and chemical factors (рН and temperature) is obtained and numerical values of the main kinetic constants – Km and Vmax are determined. The structure of enzyme molecule is studied by an infrared-spectroscopy method: the type and relative quantity of elements of secondary structure of protein are defined. Substrate binding groups of the active center of an inulinase are found. The comparative analysis of the ability to hydrolysis of inulin in several enzyme preparations from Jerusalem artichoke and to the subsequent their fermentation by the VGSh-2 and XI S. cerevisiae yeasts is carried out. Optimum conditions of enzyme hydrolysis of inulin are selected. Research of the fermentation process of starchcontaining raw materials by yeasts of VGSh-2 and XI races is done. It is established that the using of VGSh-2 S. cerevisiae yeast for a grain wort and the Jerusalem artichoke fermentation, allows to increase an extraction of ethyl alcohol comparing to control race, to improve its quality characteristics, and also allows to predict the using of new race in the food industry for production ethanol from grain raw materials and a fermentation of inulin containing raw materials.

Summary. In the beginning of the article is defined a rational sequence of the consideration of the nature of the strategy of a company development, included into an integrated structure. Further the article describes the following items separately: "a strategy", "a development of a company", and "an integrational structure", applying them to companies included to the integrated structure; separating them from a strategy of development of an autonomous company. The article defines functions which such strategy must define, taking into consideration the nature of the strategy of the company development, included into an integrated structure. Next, the article defines six steps which describe a sequence of development of the strategy of the company development, included into an integrated structure. The analysis which is defined in the article allows determining a complete definition of essence of the strategy of the company development, included into an integrated structure. The article also defines a place of the strategy of development into the hierarchical structure of the strategies. The strategy of the company development, included into an integrated structure (as well as the strategy of development of an autonomous company) -- is a competition strategy, and it separates "strategy of leadership for costs", “differentiation strategy”, and “strategy of focusing for costs”. Also authors are analyzed the strategy of the cost optimization. According to the complex definition of the strategy, and the strategy's place inside the hierarchical structure, the article defines functions which corporate, competitive, and functional strategies execute during the management of companies inside an integrational structure. The article presents characteristics of applied strategic decisions at different levels of all three types of strategies. The article's researches allow companies included to the integrated structure define their place inside the integration structure, and a character of communication with the direction of this structure during the process development and implementation of their own strategy.

Summary. The paper clarifies the relationship of concepts investment climate, investment attractiveness, investment activity. It has been established that investment activity is a sign of effective investment attractiveness. Investment attractiveness of the subject of the Russian Federation due to the efforts of the regional authorities in the areas of improving the investment climate in the region; improvement of legal norms for domestic and foreign investors; developing incentives for investment activity. The article substantiates the investment policy measures that should contribute to the objectives of the investment strategy through implementation of investment programs. The priorities of the investment policy in the region include the creation of clusters, the development of branches of agriculture, increase the volume of production of import-substituting products. The attractiveness of the Voronezh region due to its favorable geopolitical location, large capacity market, its personnel and scientific potential. Investment activity in the Voronezh region largely determines the special organization "Agency for Investment and Strategic Projects." Investment activity in the region is stimulated by the development of industrial parks in the territory of which the large investment projects world producers. Voronezh region has rich experience in attracting potential investors and working with them. The article discusses a set of preferences granted inve-Sided, clarity and transparency of the existing mechanism of their production, thereby increasing the investment attractiveness of the Voronezh region. Provides an overview of realized and announced for implementation of investment projects. The article notes that further increase the investment attractiveness of the Voronezh region is associated with the improvement of legal and regulatory framework; development of infrastructure for the implementation of investment projects; Formation of financial mechanisms to attract investment; support to market innovative products and services; creation of favorable tariff conditions for investment; staffing of the investment process.

Summary: The analysis of the foreign economic theory and practice of antimonopoly regulation, the principles of the Russian civil law and the antitrust law, allows to formulate a number of the basic principles and approaches to an assessment of influence of different types of the contract relations on efficiency of use of public resources, welfare of consumers and the competitive environment, the research basis presented in this article also consists in it. Support of the competition is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is one of bases of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, and also relevance of a subject of research is confirmed by a constant priority of a state policy it. Development of the competition in economy is a multidimensional task which decision substantially depends on efficiency of carrying out a state policy in a wide range of the directions: from macroeconomic policy, creation of favorable investment climate, including development of financial and tax system, decrease in administrative and infrastructure barriers, before protection of the rights of citizens and national policy. Due to the complexity of a task dynamic landmark approach to work on development of a competition policy in connection with development of contract forms of joint activity of small and large business in the Russian Federation and to formation of the respective directions is necessary. For research by authors of research the following methods are chosen: a statistical method, a reference method to value, a comparative method, system approach, a historical method and a method of the economic analysis of the public relations and the right. Research covers the latest sources in the field reflecting the last economic and standard and legal changes, in particular, them treat: the statistical given, expert estimates, regulations, acts of judicial and administrative practice, scientific publications of economists, sociologists and this subject lawyers. Thus, antimonopoly regulation has to consider mutual advantage for the parties of the concrete agreement, a ratio of the extent of the additional benefit received from joint activity by the large company and small firm that is important for the correct qualification of actions of participants - or as abuses of one of participants of the agreement of the dominant position for restrictions of the competition and receiving exclusive profit or as anti-competitive vertical agreement of the parties.

Summary.Research priorities is the development of food therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, innovative methods of complex processing of raw materials with maximum preservation of the original chemical composition and on the basis of a new product release in generation functionality. This article explores the many reasons for the lag of the Patriotic-owned enterprises in terms of technological development, analyzes the features of innovation in the bakery production of Russia, proposed the current directions for the innovative development of grain-processing industry. The observation revealed that during the years of market transformations in the bakeries have been significant changes, especially in the volume of products sold. Based on the results of statistical studies, it was found that at least 75% of the population consume daily baked goods and this makes them appropriate nutrient enrichment. The current state and bakeries, bakeries and revealed a high degree of wear of the process equipment. Over the past 14 years, marked by a decline in production, which led to a decline in production output and profitability constraints. It was found that in bakeries and bakeries deterioration index technique is approximately 67%. With respect to raw materials for bread production, noted that the creation of a civilized grain market in Russia requires the solution of a number of key issues. It is established that is currently happening aggression from industrialized countries to seize the Russian food market, leading to a narrowing of the domestic demand for domestic products, and this causes the drop in the economic growth of the food industry. The analysis revealed that there is considerable potential for the development of the industry.

Summary. The article executed the feasibility study of various options for gas treatment. Rapid development of industry and transport worldwide in recent times raises the problem in the protection of habitat environment from harmful waste. In solving problems of flue gas treatment great attention is given to the economic characteristics and recycling techniques for capturing emissions and disposal must also meet the sanitary health requirements: flue gas treatment plants should not cause air or water pollution. The set objective is solved by developing a two-stage wet treatment system for pyrolysis gas based on ejector scrubbers. Their advantage - a central nozzle supply that allows the scrubber to operate on the principle of an ejector pump. Projected plant can be used in enterprises for processing of solid domestic and industrial waste, where there are steam and hot water boilers, whose operations result in contaminated gases emissions obtained with high temperatures. In particular, this installation can be applied at a cement plant in which a large amount of waste gases containing sulfur oxides is emitted. Assessment of market potential for the plant designed to treat waste gases in the cement factory is performed through a SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis results indicate the possibility of the treatment of exhaust gases without a high cost and with high gas treatment efficiency. Plant competitive analysis was done using an expert method in comparison with market competitors. Technical and economic indicators of the plant are presented. Return on investments is 46% and payback period of capital investments - 2.7 years.

Summary. At the present stage of development of economy by the main criterion of its efficiency competitiveness is. In process of involvement of Russia in world economic communications the accent in questions of competitiveness moves on the enterprises of small innovative business and to large economic entities. In this article the typology of ensuring competitiveness of small innovative and large business on the basis of forms of their interaction as one of competitiveness methodology elements is considered. The classifications of the competition and competitiveness offered by various authors that is obvious from the material given in article, have something in common with each other. Formation of the competitive relations promotes creation of the developed, civilized market that includes various spheres of managing. Thanks to active interest in problems of increase of competitiveness of subjects of small innovative and large business who arose in a consequence of development of the market relations, there was a large number of the development directed on the solution of this methodological problem. The typology of researches is one of the key moments of methodology of research. Researches can be different. It is necessary to see and understand this variety to choose the ensuring competitiveness of small innovative and large business, most suitable to process. It is possible to order all set of the most various types of researches in the table of the typological analysis. It represents dichotomizing representation of various types of ensuring competitiveness allocated by various criteria. Criteria reflect the main characteristics of research and its practical requirements. In conclusion of consideration of historical prerequisites to formation of ideas of the competition we will note that ideas of the competition evolved owing to complication of the social economic relations in society. Thus, now in social and economic space it is possible to meet manifestation of variety of types of competitiveness in various markets. And, the competition in any market during the concrete period of time and in relation to a concrete subject of the competition proves. In one market only one specific competition of any classification and some specific competitiveness of components its typology can prove.

Summary. The perspective scheme of infrastructure of the modern grain market is directed on perfection merchandising grains by means of liquidation of is material disproportions between its participants for decrease in logistical costs counting upon 1 t grains, and creations of the alternative organized channel merchandising, providing a direct output on the wholesale market of direct commodity producers of grain and their participation in distribution of profit received from export. Elimination of is material disproportions on all circuit passage of grain from the supplier of production up to the end user is necessary for connecting with the organization merchandising on principles of logistics. It will allow to ensure the general synergistic effect exceeding total effect at separate participants of a circuit. The structure of Association participants of the grain market, is directed on creation mutual interest by a deepening specialization of each participant merchandising, consolidations of their investment resources to development of this circuit, to decrease in logistical costs. Feature of the modern period functioning of the grain market is necessity acceleration of scientific and technical progress on the basis of innovative processes. Innovative activity causes necessity of faster development of an infrastructure of the grain market. One directions promotion of innovations is development in region techno park formations. Their advantage consists in an opportunity initiators of new technologies independently to carry out their scientific and design development and to advance a grain husbandry through commercialization and a transfer. With a view modernization of a regional infrastructure of the grain market in modern conditions creation electronic trading platform, introduction system of electronic commerce is extremely actual. By means of electronic technologies economic attitudes in the market essentially change, giving to them scale network character. The basic directions of development of transport service in view of an innovative component should become use of new cars with the increased carrying capacity and volume the body, allowing to reduce a transport component in the prices grain; improvement of road conditions due to construction a network of roads with the firm covering, connecting interfarm divisions and fields of a crop rotation; wider application on transport works of high-speed wheel tractors.

Summary. Concepts of development of the processing agrarian and industrial complex organization of a context of management processes from the point of view of system approach are considered. Definition is given to concept "system" as set of elements of qualitative content. Properties of the processing organization as systems are proved: complexity, focus, dynamism, adaptability, equivalence finality, emergency. The main lines of the processing organization as economic system are considered: integrity, hierarchy, focus, ability to development. Features of the processing organization as agrarian and industrial complex subsystems are proved: belonging to the internal environment of agrarian and industrial complex (unambiguous and ambiguous); compliance of technological appointment of the organization and its process elements to the internal environment of agrarian and industrial complex; complexity of structure of the organization uniting diverse elements by means of multidirectional, various and interpenetrating communications. The theoretical description of a strategic objective of system approach to management of the processing organization is given. Сharacterized a role of changes in system management of development of the processing organization. It is shown how system approach in management of the processing agrarian and industrial complex organization allows to increase stability of competitiveness of business.

Summary: One of the most important issues of improving the management of corporate entities in the food industry is a unified methodological approach to the assessment of economic efficiency. To further improve this methodology approaches evaluation of the efficiency of the creation and development of organizational systems, as well as experience the calculations of estimated figures. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the formation of corporate entities in the food industry should be carried out depending on the stage of the formation of corporate education, which leads to the allocation of the following stages: preliminary calculations, allowing to obtain projections at the stage of idea generation, validation and design of corporate education; calculation of performance indicators corporate education; clarifying the calculations performed on the stage of functioning of corporate education, allowing to take into account not only the main directions of effect due to the formation of corporate structures, but also new sources of savings associated with the possibility of obtaining a formed structure of the system benefits; determination the effectiveness of the organization management corporate education; calculating the integral of the coefficient of efficiency of corporate education. The technique of an estimation of efficiency of formation of corporate entities, subject to practical implementation for analytical purposes, a different set of metrics and indicators calculated differentially depending on the phase (phase) corporate improvement that allows you to get an objective view of the intermediate output and outcome effectiveness of the formation of corporate entities in the food industry. The purpose of this technique is to identify the internal resources of improving the formation of corporate education and management. Users of this technique can be leaders and specialists of the corporate entities interested in an objective assessment of the results of the implementation of the corporate strategy, as well as representatives from the government (Executive) authorities, in order to make objective decisions about the distribution of state subsidies, subsidies and support to the most stable entities of the industry's market.

Summary. On the background of a rapidly changing the world the development brings us not only the certain benefits, but, according to the dialectic of development, a variety of new threats. Mankind has come to such a trait that to continue to ignore the new and old threats is impossible and the problem to ensure the safe development of the modern world comes to the fore, including the problem of food security. Food security is not only an important area of research but also a public policy. It is a powerful geopolitical factor and the main instrument for achieving stability of the socio-economic processes in the country. In this connection, the article attempts to develop a theoretical and practical recommendations on food security as a basic precondition for improving living standards in a market economy. It also discusses the most obvious threats to the Russian economy in view of its food security, focuses on the dependence of food security of the Russian tax flow from these agroproductive sector. The authors identify the main reasons for the shortfall in state tax payments and their impact on the worsening food security. At the same time they offer some ways of the communication that can provide the output of the agricultural sector and related industries of the economy from the crisis in the shortest period that will increase the level of economic security of the country.

Summary. The article analyzes existing approaches to forming the strategy independently operating companies with reduced scheme similar formation. Also shows a typical model of strategy development and implementation of such an enterprise. Analysis approaches showed that the greatest interest applies to enterprises within the integrated structure, is an approach from the perspective of school ranking as the most mature in terms of identifying profitable positions in relation to competitors. Also this approach in terms of methodology on the most significant experiences and potential, as well as streamlining the process of strategic thinking. In addition, it was found that the approach in terms of the school positioning to be supported by an approach from the perspective the school of cognitive , oriented toward the level of scientific knowledge. What is very important for the conditions of the Russian Federation, where the development strategy of the enterprise engaged in, as a rule, self-taught on the basis of its own structure of knowledge and experience gained. Such a combined approach to development strategies must be supplemented by a thorough analysis of resources and opportunities, as the parent company and other companies integrated structure as a competitive advantage, enterprises can get from the relationship between themselves and the parent company. The article provides a model for the development and implementation of the strategy of the enterprise included in the integrated structure, in accordance with the above approach with its description. The above research allows enterprises to take into account the complexity of entering into this structure, as well as to assess the benefits, which should be more than the costs associated with the entry.

Summary. One of the most important characteristics of the unfair behavior risk is a circle of people influencing the risk’s probability: bank staff, a customer or a third party. The article deals with this issue (bank staff’s participation in cheating). It is given the statistics of the losses caused by the bank staff participation in facts of unfair behavior. According to the author, the improving package for work with the risk of unfair behavior must be implemented to solve this problem within the lending of borrowers - small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Developing stages of the model of a lending process and its deals with SME are devised as part of these measures, the content and objectives of a stage are defined as well. In author’s opinion the first stage of this betterment is a development and adoption of a new mechanism – a credit assembly-line. It is given the definition of a credit assembly-line in the network of SME lending, the purposes of the mechanism’s adoption are defined. The result of credit assembly-line adoption concerning each credit transaction of probable forms of unfair behavior is presented. One of the reasons for the staff’s participation in the realization of unfair behavior risk is the presence of different motives (including material) and a measure or a sense of responsibility. The author offers the system of motives of players in credit process to solve the problem. As the conclusions of the article the author gives recommendations in relation to the regulatory framework improvement and to give more attention to the staff motivation system in case of the probability of the unfair behavior risk.

Summary. The analysis of structure of starch containing raw materials processing in Russia Federation is provided in the article. There was noted an increase in volumes of corn and wheat processing, however the share of processed potato is still low (below 4%). It was established that Russian starch products and starch sweeteners are on the same level on quality as best European samples and they are very competitive. Market demand in crystalline glucose for food and medical purposes (over 30 thous. tons) is fully covered by import. The volume of import of modified starches exceeds 80 % of total consumption. The biggest volume of import among native starches belongs to potato starch – over 60 %. The article provides suggestions on import substitution of mentioned starch products. The growth of starch production in Russia was accompanied by concentration of production at large enterprises. So, in 2013 over 90 % of glucose syrup was produced at six enterprises, over 80 % of dry starch – at five enterprises. Efficiency of corn and wheat processing into starch and starch products is achieved by production and selling of co-products (dry gluten, gluten, corn germ or corn oil, corn extract, feed products).Development of starch sweeteners production from starch could be achieved by expanding the consumption areas of different kinds of glucose syrup and production of glucose-fructose syrups as full substitute of sugar, providing import substitution of sugar, crystalline glucose of food and medicine purpose, deep processing of glucose into polyols (sorbit, maltit), polylactites, aminoacids.