The mathematical model describing distribution of fields of temperatures and moisture contents in a particle of a squared beet press at convective drying is given. As the initial equations the differential equations of material and thermal balances in which transfer of warmth and weight is caused by phase transformations have been accepted. The algorithm of the numerical solution of a non-stationary regional problem of heat conductivity with variable heat and mass transfer coefficients of the dried-up product, boundary and entry conditions and also phase transition with mobile limit of the section of phases is developed for the solution of mathematical model. At the same time the initial system of the equations is given to a dimensionless look. For the solution of a problem of non-stationary heat conductivity the zone method of calculation of temperature fields when drying a beet press is used. Process of drying broke into some time intervals. Within each interval geometrical form of a particle, its density, heatphysical and mass-exchanged characteristics; initial distribution of temperature and moisture content on particle volume and also density of a mass and thermal stream with the evaporated moisture are constant. The zone method of the solution of a problem of the non-stationary three-dimensional equation of heat conductivity for a parallelepiped taking into account internal sources of warmth has been checked on experimental data of stationary drying of a beet press with use of basic data. For realization of a zone method dependences of change of the linear size of a particle of a beet press on spatial coordinate x and its moisture content in the course of drying are received. At constant values of moisture content and the sizes of the party of the dried-up particle on each step the method of a machine experiment has found the current values of coefficient of phase transformation on condition of the maximum rapprochement of settlement and experimental data. The offered method of calculation of distribution of temperature fields and fields moisture containing at convective drying of a beet press in the variable modes with use of the three-dimensional equation of heat conductivity has shown compliance of settlement and experimental data with a margin error of modeling 8–10%. The received results have been used when developing a two-level way of drying of a beet press. The offered method of calculation of two-level drying of a beet press has allowed to provide the maximum kinetic compliance at implementation of temperature conditions in the field of admissible technological properties of the dried-up product.

Features of the viscous-plastic material flow through the screw channel are studied. A promising direction in this case is the transport models determined by the hydrodynamics of the phase transition. The author also analyzed the effect of dimensions on the flow rate of a viscous-plastic material. The material situated in the channel of the rotating auger and bounded by the fixed body will start to move in a translational motion along the channel due to the shear deformation that appears in it, this is where a forced flow appears. The main parameters that determine the volume flow rate are the depth and width of the channel, the diameter of the screw and the frequency of its rotation. A necessary condition for the existence of this flow is the persistence of shear stress in the material, which is possible only if the material has a certain viscosity. The condition of the return flow is the excessive pressure created by the resistance of the head. We assume the case when in these conditions the auger does not move. Then, under the action of pressure from the side of the head, the material will flow from it along the screw channel – in the opposite direction. The volume flow rate of the counter-flow also depends on the depth of the channel, on the diameter and length of the screw, on the viscosity of the material and on the pressure in the head. In practice, however, there is never a countercurrent in the auger channel, and the head pressure exerts a kind of limitation on the direct flow, which is theoretically viewed as a countercurrent, and the productivity of the screw supercharger is the total flow of the two flows. To account for the geometry of the channel, the author developed a mathematical model of the velocity head in a rectangular channel. The resulting equation makes it possible to determine the shear stress in terms of the shear rate of the material. Taking into account the symmetry and linearity of the velocity distribution in the channel with respect to its midpoint, an equation is obtained for the distribution of the shear rate along the height. The dependence, obtained as a result of the analytical solution of the two-dimensional Poisson equation, makes it possible to simplify considerably the calculation of the discharge-pressure characteristics of the extruder part of the screw presses for pressing vegetable oils with respect to the required screw rotation speed.

It was shown that the effective transfer of the target component from the raw material occurs under a turbulent regime conditions provided by applying mechanical oscillations to a two-phase system: solid-liquid. Due to this hydrodynamic situation, not only external but also internal diffusion is intensified in the extractor. The method for intensifying the extraction process using low-frequency mechanical oscillations in the case when the vibrational motion is performed by a device with a cheese whey containing suspended porous particles was studied in the work. The experiments were carried out on the laboratory equipment with a supply to a two-phase energy system from the outside, the source of which in the first case was an electromagnet, in the second - a mechanical drive with an eccentric device. Schemes of equipment were also presented in the work. The regime parameters varied in the following ranges: temperature - 40-60 оС, oscillation frequency - 30 - 40 osc / s, amplitude - 1 - 6.5 mm. In the extraction process, the current concentration of extractive substances was obtained from the material balance equation. Extraction curves obtained from experimental data were presented. Increasing extraction of extractive substances in time was observed, it being more intense with the increasing frequency of oscillations. It was found that the growth of the amplitude does not have a significant influence on the change of these indices. The intensity of oscillations was up to 260 mm / s. At the same time, the yield of extractive substances in particular from lupine in the form of grits was 25%, and the duration of the process was 18 min. The experiments showed that the application of the chosen extraction method results into a significant acceleration of the process (up to 2.5 times) as compared to extraction in a dense layer. It is concluded that due to the imposition of mechanical oscillations on the surface and in the pores of the solid phase, there arise oscillations of pressure, relative velocities, as well as the concentrations of the target components of the two-phase system. As a result, the gradients of these parameters that are maximally possible for the investigated process were created.

This paper presents the study’s results of lyophilized national sour-milk beverage “koumiss” which was obtained from mare's milk because of lactic acid fermentation. Of all types of dairy raw materials, the most interesting in Kyrgyzstan is the fermented milk koumiss from mare's milk. Koumiss, having a whitish color, sourish-sweet taste, is obtained as a result of lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation. This sour-milk drink is widely distributed in everyday life among the inhabitants of Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, as well as the Turkic and Mongolian regions of the Russian Federation, which is why koumiss was chosen as an object of research. The study also developed a new technology obtaining sour milk beverage, selected modes of lyophilization. In addition, the influence of various parameters on quality of the dried product has been studied. The research resulted in the obtaining of powdered sour milk national beverage koumiss. The study of the quality parameters of the powdery product showed that the particle size (more than 80%) was 115-125 ?m, the solubility index was 0.15 ml, and moisture in the dry sour milk beverage was 4.8%. Analyzes’ results of the chemical composition of dry koumiss showed that the results of dry sour milk beverage differ slightly from the original (natural). Most importantly, almost their medicinal (vitamin) components are completely preserved in the final products. Thus, during the research it was established that the developed technology of koumiss production allowed to increase the physicochemical parameters of koumiss, and the vacuum freeze drying method used made it possible to obtain a high-quality product. The goal was achieved by solving important scientific problems, which were set out in the work.

Earlier, an attempt was made to create a mathematical model for the continuous crystallization of lactose in aqueous solutions at various supersaturations. The calculation method was based on a new criterion for the metastability of supersaturated solutions. The metastability criterion of the solution in this case is a dimensionless quantity from 0 to 1 and reflects the role of nucleation at any time. In other words, this dimensionless quantity, showing the ratio of the rates of nucleation and growth of crystals. We determined this value by mathematical modeling using the modified Gunther–Mat model. The practical significance of the criterion is the establishment of a crystallization region (mixed, nucleation and growth), taking into account the surface of the introduced crystalline phase. It is established that for a small surface, the crystallization process proceeds predominantly in the mixed region, in the absence of a seed (F = 0), when the metastability limit is exceeded, goes into the blast nucleation "*"(Pg = 0.1), with large surfaces of the crystals F. The process proceeds in the growth region even at high supersaturations (Pg = 0.9), i.e. it allows you to quickly determine the required amount of seed to intensify the crystallization process. It can be used for any crystallizable substance if kinetic parameters of the process are available (rate constants and kinetic orders of nucleation and growth, solubility, etc.). However, the presence of nonsugars and the corresponding instrument base cause great errors in finding the above parameters of the process of working solutions, therefore, we decided on a simplified engineering calculation method.

In rabbit breeding farms, collecting hair from the skins of "White Giant" breed rabbits is an actual problem. Therefore, the technical task is to develop a device providing a weakening of the hair cover retention in the dermis of brine-moistened rabbit skins by the multiple exposure of the electromagnetic field of the ultrahigh frequency (EMFUHF) and pneumatic conveying of the fluff. The scientific idea involving the heat treatment of rabbit skin by repeated exposure to EMFUHF in toroidal perforated resonators in continuous mode was developed. A non-conventional approach to the design of resonator chambers of microwave devices with low-power magnetrons, providing for the repeated exposure of EMFUHF to raw materials to reduce its microbiological contamination was proposed. The prospective nature of the proposed technical solutions and methods for the impact of EMFUHF on rabbit skins in continuous mode, based on sound parameters of the electrodynamic system of microwave devices with toroidal resonators, having rational design and technological parameters and operating modes was proved. The developed ultrahigh-frequency device with the toroidal resonator provides for new results in achieving the continuity of the technological process of removing the hair cover from the rabbit skins during the brine spraying on the skins, high electric field strength and the resonator's own Q-factor, the uniformity of the raw material heating in the resonator; variations in the device capacity. The main components are a guide tube, a cable-washer conveyor, toroidal resonators and a pneumatic conveyor. Magnetrons were installed in the central parts of the resonators, and in the toroidal part, whose average perimeter is equal to a multiple of half the wavelength, there is a perforation. Proposals for the further improvement of microwave equipment for the removal of hair from rabbit skins in a continuous mode using the system of automated control and process control were submitted

For the purification of process water from impurities at fish processing plants, a large number of filtering devices are currently used, differing in their design parameters (mesh, woven, disco, etc.). However, in practice, these filtering devices are mainly used as the first stage of water treatment, since they can not provide sufficient quality of the filtrate. The most effective, as numerous studies of scientists of our country and the world show, are bulk granular filters. Their main advantages over other devices of similar designation are: they have a simple and reliable design; resistant to aggressive operating conditions; they are capable of effectively purifying seawater from mechanical impurities at relatively low pressure; most economical; have a filtering load capable of a long time to work without regeneration (the approximate service life of a grain-loading is 3 to 5 years) etc. In this article, the influence of vibration effects on the filtration of sea water in a designed and fabricated filter unit with bulk granular materials of natural and artificial origin, the design of which is protected by two patents for the utility model. The results of the study are presented, revealing the degree of influence of the intensity of vibration of the perforated partitioning wall on the state of bulk granular materials located on it (segregation by size, stratified vibro-packing, compacting or loosening of a layer of granular material). The dependences of the capacity of the filtration unit on the amplitude, frequency and the vibration intensity factor have been experimentally established, which made it possible to establish rational vibration parameters of the perforated septum, under which the filtering layer becomes denser, the porosity of the loading decreases, and the precipitate does not break into the filtrate.

Application of protein-oil emulsions processed by the ultrasound and pulsating magnetic field for the production of pastry in the ultrasound field leads to the significant growth of its quality, economy of vegetable fats, increase of antiadhesivity and efficiency of the ovens. It’s known that emulsions are cooked at the baking enterprises according to GOST Р 51785-2001 by the way of mechanical beating of ingredients. Earlier we have suggested and studied the way of production of alimentary protein-oil emulsions of increased dispersion and stability with application of ultrasound radiator and neodymium magnets, stiffly fixed on its thickener(1). Their application had significant influence on the increase of quality indices of the pasty, hard tack for Arctic. For this, there were used emulsion of curd whey, diluted with water 1:7, unrefined sunflower oil and sunflower phosphatides amounting up to 17% of kneaded dough. Combined, coinciding by amplitude, imposition of the ultrasound and magnet field pulsing with its frequency in the contact layer of the dispersed liquid ingredients, notably increase viscosity and dispersity of the obtained protein-oil emulsions in comparison to just ultrasound influence. At the same time, there was revealed synergism of influence of the ultrasound and magnetic field on the increase of homogeneity, strength andresistance of emulsion to the mechanical and temperature impacts, its bactericidal effect, prolonging the terms of safe use of the product. Obtained emulsions are less demanding to the modes of storage and transportation. The level of production of piezoelectric ultrasound installations as well as neodymium magnets, their small sizes and low power consumption allow using of continuous preparation of emulsion in the line for the decrease of cost and increase of quality of the items of baking enterprises. Of special note is that we have proved experimentally an additional influenceof ultrasound in the volume of oven on the twofold reduction of time spent on the proofing, baking and cooling of pastry with developed emulsion that is economically proved for the combining and automation of all processes in one device. The main attention in the experiment is paid to the maintaining of equal temperature and humidity conditions for production processes of pastry preparation with continuous imposition of ultrasound and without it. At the same time, it was revealed that necessary temperature in the center of hard tacks “Arktika” with use of protein-oil emulsions in all processes was achieved 25-30% earlier under the influence of ultrasound. The items are characterized by the increased yield and even, darker color of refined crust.

Innovative and scientific activity on the creation of highly efficient equipment for the production of high-quality mixtures of functional purpose is an urgent task. One of the most labour-intensive operations in this technology is the uniform distribution of particles throughout the whole volume of mixture and homogeneous mass obtaining. To achieve this goal the algorithm for calculating of structural and technological parameters of the screw and centrifugal-screw mixer was presented in the article. In this algorithm, the authors calculated the productivity Q, the screw diameter D, and its critical rotating speed ncr, depending on the materials selected and on their physico-mechanical parameters, as well as the materials velocity along the surface of the cone, the cone diameter, the diameter and the height of the shell, and in conclusion the inhomogeneity coefficient characterizing the quality of the mixture obtained. Based on this algorithm, the computer program was developed. According to the data obtained, the program builds a dependence graph of the screw diameter on its capacity and its critical rotation speed, where the point of rational parameters of the screw work during the production of the combined mixture is displayed. The results of calculation of technological and design parameters (screw diameter 0.02 m, capacity 47.89 kg / h and critical rotational speed of the screw rotor 456.5 rpm) were presented and compared with experimental values in the computer program. As a result, we obtained an average relative error, which does not exceed 10%. So the above algorithm for calculating of the centrifugal-screw mixer can be used to predict the values of rational design and technological parameters of the mixer operation, as well as to predict the quality of the mixture obtained with it

The purpose of this work is to substantiate the parameters and modes of operation of the ultra-high-frequency plant for separating the down from the skins of rabbits in continuous mode. In connection with the goal, the following tasks are solved: to determine the required power of electromagnetic radiation to reduce the bacterial contamination of the raw material; to determine the critical intensity of the ultrahigh frequency electric field that ensures the destruction of microorganisms in the raw material; to agree on the magnitude of the electric field strength with its own quality, the volume of the resonator and the performance of the installation; to justify the configuration of the resonator, providing the critical electric field, high quality, radiopharmacist in the continuous mode of operation; to develop microwave installation, microwave technology implements the separation of disinfected feathers from skins of rabbits. In the work of the applied theory of the electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (EFUF). The bactericidal effect of EFUF exposure was investigated according to the Lambert-booger law and the Sokolov V. F. method. The rationale for the critical electric field strength that ensures the destruction of microorganisms in raw materials, carried out by the method of Korchagin and the Development of a biconical resonator, enhancing radiation q-factor at heating the skins in continuous mode was carried out according to the method Drobinin O. Justified modes of operation of the microwave installation for decontamination and separation of fluff from the skins of rabbits in continuous mode at the critical electric field and high q-factor biconical resonator, providing radiopharmacist. The results of calculating the distribution of the electromagnetic field intensity, current density and q-factor of the biconical resonator obtained by the program CST Microwave Studio in the transient mode are presented. The development of microorganisms stops only when the electric field strength in the resonator is above 1.2 kV/cm. Truncated biconical resonator, with a volume of 350 l with its own q-factor of 7000, with the power of the magnetrons 3200 watts will provide the electric field strength of 1.2 m to 1.5 kV/cm and reduced the total microbial number in half for continuous operation of the microwave installation. The developed microwave plant contains a horizontally located, symmetrical truncated biconical resonator, inside which the working branch of the conveyor made of fluoropolymer mesh belt is coaxially installed. In the region of the cone vertices there are cracks whose width is greater than the width of the ribbon, and the height of the cracks is less than a quarter of the wavelength. Magnetrons are located in the base area of the cones, and the generator of one cone has a pneumatic line, and the other – a brine spray.

In recent decades, the exergy method of thermodynamic analysis has become an integral part of scientific research, especially in the field of technology and technologies of grain drying. It is known that the information obtained during the exergy analysis is not available when using other types of analysis, for example, energy. The article demonstrates the advantages and prospects of in-depth exergy analysis, the purpose of which is to expand the information obtained by researchers in the analysis of energy-generating system in the development of strategies for thermodynamic improvement of energy-generating systems, a special case of which are dryers and refrigerators.The paper presents an assessment of thermodynamic efficiency of the technology of oscillating drying of oilseeds, taking into account the degree of use of different types of energy spent in technological processes, based on the properties of raw materials, work carried out on the system and the total amount of all types of energy involved from the outside. The main objective was to assess, on the basis of the second law of thermodynamics, the degree of thermodynamic perfection of the technical system as a whole, as well as to identify the stages of the technical process on which the main exergy losses are concentrated, in order to increase the efficiency of its work. To assess the energy efficiency of the technology under consideration, we performed an analysis based on Brodyansky's method, in accordance with the Shargut environmental model, which showed its high degree of thermodynamic perfection due to the use of waste heat carriers and the organization of the system in a closed cycle.High energyefficiency of the considered thermal technology system testifies to expediency of use of the refrigerating machines working in the mode of the heat pump at oscillating drying with the organization of the closed cycles of heat carriers. Mixing of hot and cold air in different proportions makes it possible to optimize the drying parameters in accordance with the type of oilseeds and its initial properties.

Heart failure – a modern problem of society, individuals have reached old age, is characterized by the following problems that lead to disability and a very detrimental effect on the quality of life for most people. Despite the latest scientific achievements in medicine with the use of various computer technologies, including gradual improvements and ongoing modernization of health centers have taken in the framework of modernization of clinics and equipment, the study of people suffering illness from this disease, still remains at this stage of development. This problem is one of the frequently occurring in people 45 to 65 years old, painful and intractable complications throughout the cardiovascular system. Chronic heart failure by frequent hospitalizations is in third place and first place in people older than 65 years. In the age category in persons over 45 years of constant incidence doubles every next 10 years. Cash costs of treatment chronical heart failure in Western countries make up 2% of the total investment budget of health. In the period of global economic instability, it is a major problem. Particularly relevant was the biggest part of the cost to the question of cardio vascular tract. You can say that about 65% of expenditures falls on the hospital. In our country, the number of reported cases has exceeded 4 million annually fixate new cases diagnosed diseases. People in elderly patients in figures 2 times higher. The number of annually reported cases of death more than half a million cases a year. These figures suggest a CHF serious problem and poses the question of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease in modern cardiology.

To implement effective military and professional training of Navy specialists, a corresponding educational and material base is needed. As a result of the reduction in the 1990s in the branches of the military-industrial complex developing weapons and equipment for the Navy, the latest models of this technology are now produced not in batches, but in individual copies. The question of the production of training and training samples is not worth it at all. Under these conditions, only virtual analogues of military equipment and weapons, developed by means of information technology, i.e., training and training systems (TOS), can be considered as the only means capable of providing military-professional training. At the modern level of the development of information technologies, testing is the only universal technical means of monitoring the knowledge of students. Procedures for knowledge control in modern computer testing systems do not meet the requirements for them according to the following characteristics: 1) the absence of the possibility of evaluating the error of the test results; 2) the absence of the possibility of stopping testing when the specified reliability of its results is achieved. In order to effectively implement the means of operational criteria-based pedagogical control of knowledge in the process of training specialists of the Navy and to enable joint analysis and processing of evaluations of learning outcomes, it is advisable to implement the following practical recommendations: 1. Formulating the teacher's preferences system regarding the quality of trainee training and the teacher's preferences system in relation to The significance of single test tasks in the test should be considered as the most important The essential steps in preparing a test for practical use. 2. The teacher who first enters the input of his preference systems should check their actual compliance on a sample of 5-10 such test results that cover the full range of possible outcomes (from fully faithful to completely incorrect). The presence of the developed and presented models provides the possibility of setting and solving the task of developing models and procedures for managing the process of criterion-oriented testing, ensuring the efficiency of this process.

The article is devoted to application of SADT and ARIS methodologies for modeling and management of business processes of information systems. The relevance of this article is beyond doubt, because the design of the architecture of information systems, based on a thorough system analysis of the subject area, is of paramount importance for the development of information systems in general. The authors conducted a serious work on the analysis of the application of SADT and ARIS methodologies for modeling and managing business processes of information systems. The analysis was carried out both in terms of modeling business processes (notation) and applying the CASE-tool, and in terms of business process management. The first point of view reflects the interaction of the business analyst and the programmer in the development of the information system. The second point of view is the interaction of the business analyst and the customer. The basis of many modern methodologies for modeling business processes is the SADT methodology. Using the methodology of the IDEF family, it is possible to efficiently display and analyze the activity models of a wide range of complex information systems in various aspects. CASE-tool ARIS is a complex of tools for analysis and modeling of the organization's activities. The methodical basis of ARIS is a set of different modeling methods that reflect different views on the system under study. The authors' conclusions are fully justified. The results of the work can be useful for specialists in the field of modeling business processes of information systems. In addition, the article has an oriented character when working on the constituent elements of curricula for students specializing in information specialties and management, provides an update of the content and structure of disciplines on modeling the architecture of information systems and organization management, using models.

The article presents a model of the process of development of communicative tolerance of technical university students while teaching a foreign language. The developed pedagogical model of the process of development of students' communicative tolerance includes interdependent components: target, conceptual, informative, procedural, technological components and a result. Methodological principles, culture education and communicative-oriented learning are considered. In modeling the development of communicative tolerance by means of a foreign language, the following technological approaches are used: personal-oriented, personality-activity, sociocultural and communicative approaches. Pedagogical conditions: the use of materials of national and cultural content, the organization of teaching students for practical application of foreign languages knowledge in business communication, the integration of educational and extracurricular work in a foreign language contribute to the formation of the communicative tolerance experience. In accordance with the model of the process of developing communicative tolerance of students by means of a foreign language, the training involves three stages: cognitive-motivational, value-analytical, behavioral self-regulation. The forms, means and methods of teaching and upbringing are also components of the model of the process of communicative tolerance development of technical university students.

The article is devoted to the solution of automation tasks in the development of the operator's workstation (AWP) for controlling the elevator with a capacity of 280 tons per hour as part of the work of LLC "Intelligent Automation Complexes". In the existing elevator complexes, only grain transportation is provided (there are no control systems with automatic grain drying with high accuracy of humidity measurement), automatic generation of grain transportation routes is not provided (for each route, a technical task is required and changes to the control program of the system are required). At the same time, more precise regulation of the flow of grain flows is required (the automatic latches used have only the "open / close" positions). The goal of elevator automation is: to reduce the time of equipment downturn by tracking the operating time of the equipment, the number of accidents and informing the operator about equipment that is susceptible to failure; reduction of the time for setting up and servicing the elevator; improvement of product quality; a decrease in the percentage of rejects, as well as a decrease in the influence of the human factor on the process. The paper provides a brief description of the proposed gate valve control algorithms, the auto-building of the grain drying route, the filtering of the grain moisture readings and the fragments of the operator's workstation program (in indusoft web studio) for controlling the elevator complex. The proposed solutions allow: to reduce the time of equipment downtime by 20% and the total service time of the complex; weed out the undried grain for ridding in automatic mode for repeated drying; to improve the quality of products through automatic control of grain overheating; to reduce the production waste by 3%, and also to reduce the influence of the human factor on the process of grain transportation and drying.

Vinyl acetate monomer (VA) serves for the production of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, copolymers with ethylene and propylene. The world production of vinyl acetate is more than 4 million tons per year. At the present stage of industrial development, vinyl acetate is mainly produced by the catalytic synthesis of ethylene, acetic acid (OC) and oxygen in a ratio of approximately 8:4:1. The conversion rate for one pass is 8 %; 18 %; 45 %. The selectivity for vinyl acetate is 91-92%. The main by-product is carbon dioxide, ethyl acetate, ethylidene diacetate – all not more than 1%. Because of its extreme fire and explosiveness, the process is relatively small. There are approximately 30 such installations in the world. In the Russian Federation, there is only one such production with a capacity of 50,000 tons per year for vinyl acetate (Lukoil, Stavrolen), which was purchased in 1975 under the license of Bayer FRG. To exclude dependence on expensive import supplies, it is important to switch this production to a domestic catalyst or produced in the CIS countries. In this connection, the authors carried out structural and parametric identification and obtained experimental data. In this paper, we present the results of the experiments performed, namely, a dynamic mathematical model for the rate of formation of the target viniacetate (activity) and the secondary-carbon dioxide (DU) of products, which has a fractional-nonlinear structure. It was assumed that the reaction of obtaining the VA proceeds according to the first order, and the formation of the DM is one-and-a-half. To use the model in managing a real production process, parametric identification of the most significant regression coefficients is required.

The authors proposed the use of an extract from the roots of a dandelion in the curd product manufacture technology. Dandelion roots are the strongest and most valuable part of the plant. Pectin substances contained in plants possess a wide range of physiological activity. The roots of dandelion have antiviral, analgesic, diaphoretic action and are recommended to patients with diabetes. They contain inulin up to 40%. In autumn, roots contain up to 18% of sugars (fructose, sucrose and glucose). Triterpene compounds, sterols (taraxerol, taraxol, taraxasterol, b-sitosterol and stigmasterol), a fatty oil containing glycerides of palmitic, oleic, linoleic, melissa and cerotinic acids were found in their roots. The biotechnological scheme of the curd product includes the following operations: acceptance and preparation of raw materials; heating and separation; milk normalization, mixture preparation; mixture pasteurization and cooling; starter introduction into the mixture and its fermentation; clot cutting, whey separation and clot filling; self-pressing and pressing of the clot; curd cooling, introduction of the prepared component (extract of dandelion root, granulated sugar); mixing; packing and marking; storage; selling. The amount of the flavor component influences the organoleptic characteristics of the product. Its dosage was varied from 0.5 to 5%. Curd products with a mass fraction of the extract of dandelion root of 2-3% were characterized by high organoleptic characteristics. Curd product is characterized by a soft consistency, white with a cream color shade, pleasant sour-milk taste. In order to smooth the specific taste of the dandelion root extract, it is recommended to add sugar or sweetener. Quality indicators of the curd product were studied. Its shelf-life life was determined.

Antioxidants protect the organism from the harmful effects of free radicals. High content of antioxidants is characteristic for red wine, olive oil, tea. Today in Russia is well studied the antioxidant activity of black and green tea, but the choice of teas found in the sale, much wider. The aim of the work was to study antioxidant activity of white tea, as well as its comparison with the parameters of green tea and rooibos. Spectrophotometrically compared the antioxidant activity of aqueous extracts white, green tea, drink rooibos using the adrenaline autooxidation reaction in alkaline medium (pH 10.65). The correctness of the spectrophotometric determination was confirmed on the device “Tsvet Yauza-01-AA” (Russia). As a standard used quercetin. In the initial period of time (up to 5 min) tea extracts “Java”, «Elixir immortality» and rooibos are equally affect the values of optical density. After 10 min the optical density takes different values for different extracts, however this time is recommended to determine antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant activity of the extract has white tea «Greenfield». Rooibos extract antioxidant activity could be compared with “Elixir of immortality” white tea аctivity. The lowest value of antioxidant activity of green tea “Princess JAVA”. The effect of water temperature on the antioxidant activity of extracts was investigated. The highest value was found in tea «Greenfield» at a brewing temperature of 70 °C, which decreases with increasing temperature to 100 °C. The water temperature has a minimal effect on the antioxidant activity of the rooibos extract, but a small maximum at 80 °C is observed. The minimum value of antioxidant activity is the extract of green tea «Princess JAVA», but it increases with the temperature rise up to 100 °C. The study was conducted according to the content of antioxidants from the brewing time. For this, the device “Tsvet Yauza-01-AA” was used. To determine the selected white tea extract «Elixir of Immortality». The temperature was maintained at 100 °C. It is found that the recommended brewing time is two minutes.

Soft wheat is one of the most important crops, grown in more than 130 countries. To date, one-fifth of the world's wheat, or about 150 million tons a year, is sold on international markets. In the world trade traditionally dominated by the US, Australia, Canada and Argentina. Kazakhstan, being on the 15th place in the production of wheat grain, is among the first ten exporters - in 2017 the country exported about 8 million tons to the amount of 1.5 billion dollars. USA, then, as potential export opportunities are much higher, as evidenced by annual carryover stocks at 3 million tons. According to experts, considerable differences in the classification of wheat grain used in Kazakhstan and in other countries participating in the grain market and the methods for assessing the technological dignity indicators (TDs) laid down in the classifications are a significant obstacle to increasing the export potential of wheat grains. In view of this, an analysis was made of grain classifications of wheat grains used in the most important grain producing countries, TD indicators were determined, methods for their evaluation, and differences were revealed. It is established that in countries that are stable in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain, an insignificant list of TD indicators is adopted, while they characterize the physical quality and state of the grain, which may indicate a general suitability for grinding. It is determined that in Russia and Kazakhstan, in determining the contamination, such an indicator as dockage is not taken into account. Comparative tests of different methods of sampling and determination of contamination have been carried out, and correlation coefficients have been established between indicators of contamination determined by different methods.

The article presents information on the relationship of the implementation of sensory analysis in food production enterprises with the activities of these enterprises: from the development of new products and technologies, from the quality control of food at all stages of the product life cycle, the study of the structure of consumer demand, and ending with the preparation of forecasts for the sale of products and other production and marketing issues. Touch analysis helps the manufacturer to determine how his product is consumed and to assume the reaction of a potential buyer to a new product. The use of sensory or organoleptic analysis in the food industry requires the presence of specially trained people or testers who are the instrument of organoleptic analysis, and the constant improvement of their testing techniques and their sensitivity through constant training. Regulatory documents that establish the rules and conditions for conducting organoleptic studies, according to the all-Russian classifier of standards, are in the group «67. Food production»" in particular in the subgroup “67.240-Organoleptic analysis”. This group of standards includes requirements for the laboratory in which the research is carried out, for testers, requirements for utensils and reagents, and methods of research. Modern methods of sensory analysis together with the use of mathematical statistics allow to obtain results of equal and sometimes greater reliability than the results obtained by chemical or physical methods in the evaluation of quality indicators of food products. There are two areas of research: analytical and consumer

The article presents results of studies of the mineral composition of wild berries and their constituent parts (peel, pulp). Blueberries, bilberries, cranberries and lingonberries were picked out on the territory of the Vyborg district of the Leningrad Region. Berries sorted by quality and degree of maturity and crushed; the juice and pulp were separated by pressing and filtration. The yield of juice depended on the type of berries and was minimal for blueberries. Berries, peel and pulp were dried to constant weight at a temperature of 50 °C. The composition of the mineral elements was determined in the native remainder of whole berries and their constituent parts by X-ray fluorescence on the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer "Rigaku Nex CG", USA. The method used makes it possible to obtain the composition of mineral elements in the form of oxides. All berries had a typical composition of elements with a predominance of potassium and calcium. The content of potassium berries were as follows: bilberries > lingonberries > blueberries> cranberries. The highest content of calcium was in blueberries; phosphorus prevailed in lingonberries. In the trace elements were identified: iron, copper, zinc, nickel, manganese, silicon, vanadium, titanium. Vanadium was found only in blueberries and bilberries. During the processing of berries, mineral elements were redistributed. Potassium oxides are distributed in all parts of the berries, calcium, titanium and vanadium oxides are found predominantly in the skin and in the pulp of berries. Most of the oxides of macro-elements (such as phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine) and trace elements (such as iron, zinc, manganese, silicon, copper, nickel) are contained only in the juice.

When selling fruits and vegetables in retail stores, the question arises of the preservation of their consumer properties. Therefore, the task was set to follow the changes in the quality of onions in a trading hall for seven days, which corresponds to the time of sale of the goods. Onions, unlike other vegetables, less interact with the air. Therefore, the loss of moisture and organic substances is insignificant. The paper presents data on the change in the qualitative characteristics of onions in the conditions of a trading hall and refrigerated storages for 7 days. Obtaining and processing of experimental data on the changes in sugar onion, ascorbic acid and moisture content was carried out in the laboratories of commodity science and food products expertise of the Department of Trade and Goods Science of the St. Petersburg State University of Economics. The partial increase in acidity during prolonged storage could be a consequence of the breakdown of sugars during fermentation. As a result of the conducted researches it is established that the biochemical processes taking place in onions practically do not depend on the temperature decrease in the room. It is recommended to pre-dry the onions for better preservation. It is necessary to carry out quality control of the product by organoleptic and physicochemical parameters during refrigerated storage and storage in the trading floor. It is established that the content of vitamin C does not decrease in the process of realization of onion if the humidity of air does not exceed 65%. The experiments showed that the loss of sugars during storage does not occur. Essential loss of moisture, and consequently, a decrease in the mass of the product, was not observed.

The possibility of making sodium alginate from a by-product (fucus semifinished product), obtained by producing an extract from brown algae of the Fucus family – fucus bubbly (F.vesiculosus), has been studied. It has been found that up to 80% of the alginic acids contained in the feedstock remain in the fucus semi-finished product, which can also be isolated and used. The principal technology of sodium alginate from the fucus semifinished product is developed, consisting of the following main stages: preparation of raw materials, reduction, pretreatment, extraction of alginates, isolation of alginic acid, production of sodium alginate, drying. The parameters of the technological scheme close to optimal parameters were determined (the duration of extraction of alginates by sodium carbonate solution is 3 hours, the active acidity value for the isolation of alginic acids is 6M hydrochloric acid: pH = 3). As a result of optimization of the technological scheme, it was possible to increase the yield and improve the quality of the product: the yield of sodium alginate was 4.5% (which is 20% higher than the original), the content of alginic acids increased by 7% and was 92% in terms of dry matter, kinematic the viscosity increased almost twofold - its value reached a value of 500 cSt. Investigations carried out by the Fourier method of IR spectroscopy on the Shimadzu IR Tracer-100 (Japan) showed that the sodium alginate obtained from the fucus semifinished by optimized technology is not inferior in quality to sodium alginate produced from laminaria (Sigma Aldrich (USA).) Sodium alginate, made from the fucus semi-finished product, can be used as one of the components of gelling fillings for the production of canned fish in jellies. A technological scheme for processing algae is proposed.

The market of functional nutrition in Russia has been analyzed. The level of diseases associated with the nervous system and brain is actively growing in Russian Federation. World Health Organization (WHO) predicted, brain diseases and mental disorders will enter the five diseases leading to disability in 2020 year. The market of non-alcoholic and functional beverages (FB), which can help for solving this health’s problem, is negligible. A functional bevarage with adaptogenic action based on fruit and berry raw materials and dry plant extracts for the prevention of brain diseases, in particular, the limbic system, as well as the nervous system, has been developed. The functional beveragewas examined in scientific work for the content of macro elements and trace elements. The filtration process is necessary to improve the microbiological stability of FB of adaptogenic action and consumer properties. During the experiment, the effects of the filtration process (one of the most important technological process) on the content of mineral elements were studied. As the most appropriate and rational type of filtration for the drink, microfiltration was chosen.The filters were selected in accordance with the regimes and requirements characteristic of microfiltration process. The content of macro elements and trace elements was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy using flame atomization on a Shimadzu AA 6300 spectrophotometer, (Japan). The values of the concentration of mineral substances in the functional beverage were compared before and after the microfiltration process. According to the results of measurements, the content of potassium remained unchanged and the content of copper and iron fell by 19.5 and 79.6 percent, respectively. Reducing the concentrations of magnesium, calcium, sodium and manganese are included in the measurement error intervals. The results obtained make it possible to analyze the losses of mineral substances and determine the required amount of drink to ensure of daily requirements of the organism in macro elements and trace elements.

The nutritional value of food products is one of the most important factors that determine a health of the population. Based on the importance of the nation's health for the development and county’s security, the Concept of the State Policy on Healthy Nutrition of the Kazakhstan population is defined, providing for a set of activities aimed at creating conditions that meet the needs of various groups of the population in rational, healthy nutrition, taking into account their traditions, habits and economic situation. In the macaroni products market, the dietary and functional products, enriched pasta and high nutritional products occupy a small segment that does not exceed 1%. In connection with this fact, the development of a range of macaroni products of increased nutritional value, with a purposefully changed chemical composition remains topical. In the macaroni industry, the increase in the food and biological value of products is achieved through the introduction of non-traditional types of raw materials and special food additives into the formulation. The research objects are wheat flour of the highest grade, a polydisperse corn flour, chick-pea flour and amaranth flour and the influence of these polydisperse systems on the properties of gluten, the rheological properties of the dough and the quality of the finished products have been determined. Based on the experimental data obtained, it is established that for the production of pasta from bakery flour of high quality with good physical-chemical and organoleptic characteristics, no more than 10.0% of corn and chick-pea flour and not more than 7.5% of amaranth flour can be added to the recipe; further increasing the dosage of flour from cereals and legumes leads to a deterioration in the quality of finished products. The use of polydisperse flour from cereals and legumes is expedient for the enrichment of macaroni products with valuable food ingredients - proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals.

The influence of the number of screw turns of a centrifugal-screw mixer, the number of holes in the screw turns and the rotor speed on the quality of mixing of flour baking mixes of functional purpose enriched with amino acids was studied. Flour baking mix is composed of wheat flour, whole wheat flour, chickpeas flour, rye flour, buckwheat flour, oat bran, gluten, dry milk powder, sesame seeds, flax seed, dried onions, table salt and sugar. The homogeneity of the mixture reflects table salt because it has a minimal weight relative to other components of the mix. The coefficient of heterogeneity was calculated to assess the quality of mixing. The centrifugal-screw mixer optimal operation parameters were investigated for different flour baking mixes. For the mix № 1 and mix № 2 optimal parameters are rotor rotating speed of 900 rpm, the number of turns of the screw 4 and the number of holes on the threads of the screw 4. For the mix № 3 optimal parameters are rotor speed of 500 rpm, the number of turns of the screw 2 and the number of holes on the threads of the screw 8. The centrifugal–screw mixer allow to obtain enriched with amino acids flour baking mix of good quality. The coefficient of heterogeneity of mixes does not exceed 5%. For all samples of bread amino acid content is significantly higher compared to the control sample. Depending on the bread recipe contents of amino acids increased by 83–97% for arginine, 52–61% for tyrosine, 52–66% for phenylalanine, 72–74% for histidine, 91% for leucine+ isoleucine, 53–56% for methionine, 90–97% for valine, 64–72% for proline, 87–93% for threonine, 58–87% for serine and 74% for alanine. The greatest biological value is attributed to flour the baking mix № 1 and № 2. The economic effect of selling an enriched flour bakery mixture prepared on a centrifugal–screw mixer has been determined. It is established that the operating costs for the production of 1 kg of such flour will amount to 0.39 rubles. The prime cost of raw materials for the preparation of 1 kilogram of enriched flour bakery mixture is 50.39 rubles. The payback period of the centrifugal-screw mixer will be 0.02 year.

Organoleptic properties of the finished products from minced fish of centralized production does not always meet the specified quality requirements. In this regard, the use of a liquid smoke flavoring will allow to give the products new attractive taste properties, to expand the range of commonly eaten food, to improve the oxidative stability and microbial spoilage during storage, to essentially simplify the technological process, as compared to traditional smoking, and above all to get safe products. The influence of the addition of the liquid smoke flavoring on functional and technological, physico-chemical and rheological properties of products is known. The parameters of ultimate shear stress (USS), effective viscosity and adhesion of mince of industrial production and those produced of raw materials are defined. The influence of the chemical composition and the type of raw material on these indicators is shown. The influence of water binding and water-holding capacity of mince of industrial production and those produced of raw materials on rheology indicators is defined and confirmed by significant correlation calculations. It was determined that the addition of liquid smoke flavoring "liquid smoke" reduced effective viscosity, adhesion properties of minced fish both of industrial production and that produced of raw materials. The nature of the rheological parameters change was the same for all kinds of mince. The study of water binding and water-holding capacity, shear stress limits, effective viscosity suggests that the minced fish products where liquid smoke flavoring is added will have good formability and rheological properties. The studies have shown that the rheological parameters of the studied minced fish were within normal limits, which allows their use in the centralized production of semi-finished goods and products.

Determination of animal feeds amino acids composition is the very important part of agricultural sciences and livestock management. This is necessary for normalization and balanced of farm animal’s diets parameters. Advances in husbandry techniques are making in response to the needs for rearing high genetic merit livestock. The nutrition of livestock has a critical role in these developments and is an element which needs to be continually updated as new scientific information becomes available. This article is devoted to the use of ion-exchange chromatography with post-colum derivatization by ninhydrin in the study of the amino acid composition and evaluation of the biological value of livestock feedstuff components. The amino acid composition (except tryptophan) of the livestock feed-stuff component is presented for threonine – 3.26 g/100g of protein, leucine – 6.43, isoleucine – 3.24, valine – 4.77, methionine – 2.18, lysine – 2.90, phenylalanine – 3.16, histidine – 2.03, tyrosine – 2.33, sum of asparagine and aspartate – 6.76, serine – 3.97, sum of glutamine and glutamic acid – 12.04, glycine – 6.00, alanine – 6.71, arginine – 6.93, proline – 3.08, sum of cystine and cysteine – 1.38. Biological value of feedstuff component compared with the "ideal" protein (FAO WHO) is estimated, limiting amino acids were found. The amino acid score was calculated: for threonine – 81.5%, leucine – 91.9%, isoleucine – 81%, valine – 95.4%, lysine – 52.7%, phenylalanine and tyrosine sum – 91.5%, methionine and cysteine sum – 101.7%. Feedstuff component had a low level of essential amino acids in compare with "ideal" protein (FAO WHO). Feedstuff component can be used for livestock nutrition as a component of essential amino-acid balanced diet.

Complexation in aqueous solutions of poly-4,4'-(2,2'-disulfonate sodium) diphenyleneisophthalamide and polyamines series: polyethylenimine, poly-N-(2-aminoethylacrylamide) and polyethylenepolyamine was studied. It is shown that as a result of macromolecular reactions, interpolyelectrolyte complexes are formed, stabilized mainly by electrostatic forces. To characterize the composition formed interpolyelectrolyte complexes used the ratio of sulfonate and amino groups interacting polyelectrolytes. Conductometric and potentiometric methods it has been established that in the investigated system, the mixing of the components of complexes are formed with ratio of the sulphonate and amino groups ~0.8. An increase in the degree of ionization of participating in reactions of complex formation of polyamines leads to higher recorded values of up to 0.90–0.95. It was found that interpolyelectrolyte complexes with an average particle size of ~42.1 nm are formed with the optimal composition of the interpolymer system. In an acidic medium, the average particle size is ~29.5 nm. Materials were obtained on the basis of the studied systems with high strength characteristics. The tensile strength of the film samples is 65–84 MPa with a relative elongation of 20–65%. It is shown that synthesized materials are characterized by high regulated hydrophilicity and selective sorption capacity in relation to water in comparison with organic solvents. The composition of interpolyelectrolyte complexes is one of the main instruments for regulating the physicochemical properties of the materials obtained. The results of these studies allow us to consider interpolyelectrolyte complexes based on poly-4,4'-(2,2'-disulfonate sodium) diphenyleneisophthalamide as promising for use in hydrophilic pervaporation processes.

The relevance of research is due to the efficiency of development of minerals in the Arctic, which is largely determined by the transport and production infrastructure. Harsh climatic conditions of the Far North with a predominance of permafrost rocks (PR) significantly affect the economy and ecology of the territory, for which the cost of construction materials and structures are now reaches 70% of the cost of oil and gas. Mastering Yamal, yield on the shelves of the Arctic seas requires the creation of innovative technology breakthrough of oil and gas, including the construction of artificial islands and underwater constructions offshore. Such technologies are possible in the presence of modern building materials and structures that have many times greater strength, durability, durability, acid resistance and other functional parameters of the widest range for industrial, transport and civil construction. Glass-ceramic, as evidenced by the results of the analysis of scientific, technical and patent data are promising materials in the field of innovation in aviation, rocket and space technology, as well as other industries that require metal-substituting, lining and more sophisticated materials of construction with an unusual combination of properties : high mechanical, abrasive resistance, high dielectric properties and chemical resistance. The article presents the results of the creation of petrositalls of the new “Sikams” class (SCS), beginning with the method for calculating and estimating the composition of the charge, based on the principles of structural crystal chemistry, taking into account the revealed scales of isovalent and heterovalent isomorphism under conditions of directed crystallization. The method provides a high crystallization rate, achieving the required degree of structural and chemical homogeneity and best physico-chemical properties of the material, wherein a crystalline phase to form solid solution of pyroxene. The technological process is simplified and energy consumption is reduced. Object of research - the mineralogical and chemical composition of the charge, particularly glass immiscibility source types and nucleation mechanisms chain metasilicates polymorphs, their relationship to glass and kinetics saturation nanostructure.

When applying galvanic coatings, soluble salts of heavy metals such as iron, copper, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium and other metals are used, toxic cations enter the water, with subsequent migration to the biosphere. To date, many methods have been developed for cleaning galvanic sewage, which cannot be considered sufficiently effective. The joint sorption of divalent cations of copper, nickel and cadmium from concentrated aqueous solutions was investigated. Calculation and experimental methods were used to determine the separation conditions of the bivalent ion systems that differed and close in sorption properties on the aminophosphonic polyampholyte Purolite S950 in a natrium form. It is shown that the cadmium (II) cations can be isolated from solutions containing copper (II) or nickel (II) cations even at the height of the sorption layer of 0.13 m due to the difference in the defining characteristics of the cations. This layer height can be used not only in a chromatographic column, but also in a concentrating cartridge. Separation of the copper (II) and nickel (II) close to the sorption properties requires an absorbing layer of 0.76 m, which can only be used in a chromatographic column, but not for a concentrating cartridge. In this paper, the degrees of ion separation in various sorption conditions are calculated. The applicability of the conductometric method for controlling the ion exchange process is shown not only when the free cations are isolated from aqueous solutions but also bound to complexes.

Electrical conductivity was studied aqueous solutions of surface-active substances (surfactants) different nature depending on the concentration of electrolytes in solution, in order to control the content of harmful impurities of organic nature in mineralized waters conductometric method. It has been established that the specific electric conductivity decreased with increasing surfactant concentration, however, the nature of the changes in solutions of low-molecular and colloidal surfactants is different. In the case of low-molecular surfactants, the dependence has a linear form, for example, for a solution of butanol with an ionic potassium chloride force of 2 mol / m3, according to the equation: y = -0,0604x + 0,5085, and for solutions of colloidal surfactants – extremal, passing through a minimum. An increase in the ionic strength of the medium for solutions of surfactant ionogenic (sodium oleate) and nonionic type (neonol AF 9–10) leads to a decrease in the minimum on the concentration curve of electrical conductivity. A decrease in the value of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) for sodium oleate from 1.1 10-3 mol / dm3, up to 0.4 · 10-3 mol / dm3 at a concentration of potassium chloride in a solution of 2 mol / m3, and CMC = 0, 1 10-3 mol / dm3 at an ionic strength of the solution of 10 mol / m3. In the case of neonol AF 9–10 (CMC = 1.24 ? 10-4 mol / dm3), an increase in the electrolyte concentration, for example KCl from 2 to 75 mol / m3 in the solution, does not shift the CMC point in the entire ionic strength range of the medium. Thus, the extreme character of the dependence of the conductivity isotherms of colloidal surfactants in the region of low ionic strengths of the solution, can serve as an analytical signal for the detection of impurities of the amphiphilic nature and the possibility of predicting the overall mineralization of complex water.

This study examined the effect of the liquid phase on the heat required for clinker formation and the Coating index, and the relation of the Burning zone temp with the clinker and the heat required for clinker formation. The selection of the liquid phase at 1450 temperatures is beingmaterials difficulty in the Burning, and 1338 is being materials easy in the Burning. All tests and tests were conducted at the Nile Cement Company. The results proved that the more difficult the materials are, the more the Heat required for clinker formation and increase the cost of cement production, and the Coating thickness is weak but strong. The materials easy Burning being little the Heat required for clinker formation and Decreases the cost of cement production, and the Excessive but unstable coating with tendency to form thick ring formation. The found average difference in Heat required for clinker formation between temperature 1338 °C and 1450 °C is 82.26 kJ/kg-clinker representing 2.23% of Total heat input are 3686 kJ/kg-clinker.

Nowadays the "butter" product category is widely falsified by non-dairy fats, mainly by palm oil. The methods recommended for the detection of palm oil in the fat- and oil industry products require a long-term sample preparation or the use of expensive complex equipment, which makes it urgent to search for new, more rapid analytical methods that can be used in small laboratories. An enzymatic- and alkalimetric method distinguishing between palm oil and butter is suggested in the work. The method consists in enzymatic hydrolysis of fat followed by titrimetric determination of the amount of excreted fatty acids with visual fixation of the equivalence point; titrant is the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.1 mol / dm3) and indicator is phenolphthalein. Pancreatic lipase was used as the enzyme. The effect of enzyme activity, the medium pH, temperature and time on the hydrolysis of palm oil and butter was studied. The developed method peculiarity is the use of non-optimal conditions for lipid splitting. This makes it possible to reduce the rate of reaction to establish fine differences in the hydrolysis of different compositions fats. Conditions for the identification of fats - at pH = 7.9 (aqueous solution of sodium tetraborate 1% by weight) were justified. In the presence of pancreatic lipase 20000, the splitting of palm oil begins in 25 minutes after the experiment start, and butter splitting begins after 10 minutes. Optimum hydrolysis time allowing to distinguish between palm oil and butter is 20 min. Identification of fats is carried out by comparing the results of alkalimetric titration of the splitting products after 5 minutes (V5’) and 20 minutes (V20’) after the beginning of hydrolysis of the fat under study with the pancreatic lipase 20000. If the sample analyzed contains only butter, then V20’ / V5’ ? 2. Numerically equal values of V5’ and V20’ are obtained when analyzing a palm oil. The value V20’ / V5’, which is in the range of 1-2 indicates that the analyzed sample is a spread, and the closer the value of V20’ / V5’ to 1, the more palm oil the sample contains. The proposed method is economically efficient and simple in its procedure, it is applicable in the temperature range of 17–27o С.

It is well known that the tire performance properties can deteriorate in the processes of production, processing, storage and operation. One of the reasons for that is a series of processes occurring in the polymer under the influence of different factors: thermal, mechanical or chemical. This problem is particularly relevant for functionalized polymers, as functional groups can interact with each other, causing side cross linking reactions that lead to a deterioration of consumer properties of the products. The main purpose of this work was to study influence of several key factors on the thermostability of functionalized rubbers in order to find a solution: different types of antioxidants, rubber polymerizate stripping conditions and rubber processing. In accordance with the problem, solutions were found and work was carried out in several directions: changing the pH of the medium in the rubber stripping and using antioxidants containing carbonyl groups located in ?-positions to methylene groups, namely Irganox 1520 and Irganox 1076. As an evaluation factor, thermal treatment was selected in two modes: at 100 °C for 48 hours and after extruder at 130 °C for 5 minutes + 100 °C for 48 hours. At the same time, the following parameters were determined: molecular weight characteristics and Mooney viscosity of the starting polymers and after thermal aging. During the experiments, it was found that the acidity of the medium in the water degasser does not affect the crosslinking of the functionalized rubber during storage. In addition, a study was made of the effect of the type of antioxidant and its quantity on the thermal stability of functionalized styrene butadiene rubbers, as well as the study of the effect of the content of the modifying agent on the thermal stability of the product. It has been found that the use, as antioxidants, of carbonyl compounds containing a methylene group at the ?-position, leads to inhibition of the cross-linking of the functionalized rubber during storage.

The organic direction of agriculture in the world is developing rapidly, the market turnover of organic products is growing rapidly. Russia has recently embarked on the path of organic agriculture, so there are difficulties that need to be addressed. The principles of organic agriculture: high-quality environmentally friendly products, a safe environment for their production, minimizing the negative effects of agricultural production on humans and the environment are correlated with the basic provisions of food security in Russia. In many countries producers of organic products are combined in various cooperatives. The purpose of the study: to consider organic agriculture and cooperatives from the point of view of their interaction, to identify opportunities for participants, to make proposals for the development of organic cooperatives, to identify ways to implement the problems. In the process of research on the topic, the author used methods: dialectical, abstraction, observation, description, deduction and induction, logical. Analytical indicators and dynamics of the current level of development of the world market of organic products and the market of organic products in Russia show that organic agriculture is becoming increasingly popular, although it implies the introduction of greater innovations compared to traditional agriculture, which causes the need for capital. The author carefully studied the problems existing in the organic sector. As a tool to overcome the obstacles faced by small farms, the author sees cooperatives. Positive examples from foreign and domestic practice served as a guide for this conclusion. The article formulates the author's definition of an organic cooperative, defines its mission and goals. The author highlighted the reasons and inducing to join in a cooperative, as well as the advantages received from enterprises; developed the structure of the organic coop; offered various types of cooperatives for the production and promotion of organic products on the market. The results of the study will contribute to the formation and development of a competitive domestic market of organic products.

Among foreign methods of assessment of degree of proximity to bankruptcy the method of system of Biver indicators and the scoring analysis are the most popular. The financial coefficients counted for the concrete enterprise often contradict each other or don't satisfy to normal restrictions what results in ambiguity of assessment of a financial state. For elimination of this ambiguity the generalized indicator of a financial state as rating number which variable (signs) are normalized by division into the corresponding borders of normal restrictions for each financial coefficient is entered. The scoring analysis defines a technique of formation of the mentioned rating number, but the standard Biver’s method estimates only separate financial coefficients. Therefore in work the method of calculation of rating number for this method with determination of weight coefficients by a modern method of the analysis of hierarchies is offered. For the presented these balances of 10 concrete enterprises the generalized indicators of a financial state are calculated, schedules are constructed and the most unsuccessful enterprises are defined. Further very important problem about communication of the estimates received by the Biver’s method with results of assessment of a financial state on a method of the scoring analysis is solved. Comparison of the corresponding schedules shows high-quality coincidence, and for quantitative confirmation of communication the correlation analysis is used. The coefficient of correlation of Pearson for the considered enterprises is equal 0,827, and the coefficient of rank correlation of Spirmen used for check of orderliness of numerical estimates is equal 0,818 that demonstrates close correlation connection of the results received by method of the generalized indicator of the Biver’s system and method of the scoring analysis.

The authors bring the research of regularities of enterprise’s economic development; bring the research of change sequence of life cycle stages in the article. There is established that a stage of maturity not always gives way to decline stage and in the next to crisis stage. Life processes of "ageing" of the enterprise can be successfully resisted. It is proved that the stage of maturity of the enterprise is associated with a "crisis of stability". Getting into the stages of recession, growth or maintaining stability becomes the way out of the crisis. The authors prove that there are such zones of staying on the life cycle’s curve in the practice of commercial organizations functioning when it is necessary to use the mechanism of stabilization (at detection of "crisis of stability", at transfer from the stage of maturity to the stage of recession and at diagnostics of hit to the stage of recession). In this regard the authors elaborate an economic mechanism for stabilization of the enterprise’s activity as a system of measures aimed at maintaining the achieved financial balance of the enterprise in a long period, which includes the following blocks: information support of the assessment of financial condition; assessment of the level of payment, business and capital stability of the enterprise; determination of the stage of the enterprise’s life cycle; characteristics of the applicable strategy; the need to use the tools for adjust the strategy to stabilize the enterprise’s activity and evaluate the results. At the same time, it is important to focus on maintaining achievable growth rates through the using of special management decisions, along with monitoring the life cycle and controlling the financial condition of the enterprise. The introduction of the economic stabilization mechanism in the enterprise’s activity jointly with the existing organizational and economic mechanism will correct the elements of the basic mechanism and will ensure the economic stability of the commercial organization.

Fixed assets are an integral component of the productive capacity of any enterprise. The financial results of the enterprise largely depend on their intensity and efficiency of use. The analysis of fixed assets is usually carried out using an integrated and systematic approach, based on their availability, their movement, efficiency of use (including their active part). In the opinion of some authors, the traditional methods of analyzing fixed assets have a number of shortcomings, since they do not take into account the life cycle of an enterprise, the ecological aspects of the operation of fixed assets, the operation specifics of the individual divisions of a company and its branches. In order to improve the methodology for analyzing fixed assets, the authors proposed to use formalized and nonformalized criteria for analyzing the risks associated with the fixed asset use. A survey questionnaire was designed to determine the likelihood of the risk of economic losses associated with the use of fixed assets. The authors propose using the integral indicator for the purpose of analyzing the risk of using fixed assets in dynamics. In order to improve the procedure for auditing, the authors proposed segregation of economic transactions with fixed assets according to their cycles in accordance with the stage of their reproduction. Operational analysis is important for managing the efficiency of the fixed asset use, especially during a critical period. Using the analysis of the regularity in grain combines performance would reduce losses during harvesting, implement the work within strictly defined time frame and remunerate the employees for high-quality and intensive performance of their tasks.

In the current conditions for the implementation of economic guidelines for the development of the electric power industry, minimizing production costs is one of the key areas for enhancing the competitive advantages of energy enterprises. When determining a specific model for the purchase of electricity in the retail market, it is necessary to take into account the conditions of the electricity consumption regime, the marketing surcharges of the generating suppliers, the activity of the regional energy sales organizations, the price range and the scale of retail generation, the real cost of the product's withdrawal to the wholesale market. A number of provisions regarding the specifics of electricity purchase management, regulated by the Government of the Russian Federation, provide optimization of energy management processes in terms of reducing production costs, taking into account the factors of the constituent elements of the price for electricity and services of infrastructure organizations, which increases the economic efficiency of economic activities of the enterprise

The article is devoted to the study of time series obtained in earlier works by econometric and wavelet analysis. At the first stage of this study, econometric analysis was conducted, regression was constructed. In the regression influence of the number of nomads and the amount of resource on the number of plowmen was studied. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the constructed regression turned out to be 0.81, the Durbin-Watson statistics equals to 0.94, which indicates the presence of positive first-order autocorrelation of errors. The next stage is an analysis based on wavelet transforms, which helps to get rid of high-frequency "noise" and interference in considered time series. Within the framework of this paper, the Haar wavelet and the Daubechies 2 tap wavelet were considered (the remaining wavelets give similar results). After the time series had been cleared by the wavelet analysis, regression analysis was applied again. The coefficient of determination of new regressions depending on which wavelet was applied and the interference of what frequency were removed took values in the range from 0.86 to 0.93. The coefficient of determination of new regressions depends on which wavelet was applied and the interference of what frequency were removed. It takes values in the range from 0.86 to 0.93. However, the Durbin-Watson statistics decreased its values and began to take values in the range from 0.01 to 0.46, which still indicates the presence of positive first-order autocorrelation of errors. In the end, we learn that in this situation, the application of wavelet analysis significantly increases the explanatory power of regression, on the other hand, the problem of autocorrelation of errors can not be resolved in this way, in some sense it is only getting worse.

Food security assumes a state of the economy and the agroindustrial complex, in which, regardless of the influence of various internal and external factors, the population's requirements for food in full compliance with consumption norms are fully met. After all, the level and quality of nutrition in many ways determine the life expectancy of the population and the health of the nation. To assess the state of food security, we suggest using the following indicators: self-sufficiency in food. The level of the region's self-sufficiency for certain types of products has been analyzed, the level of which is determined for certain types of agricultural products as the ratio of production in the region to its internal consumption. Data on the resources and use of milk and dairy products are considered. Data on food resources and their use in the territory of the Voronezh region were studied. The criterion for assessing the level of food security is the economic accessibility of food, depending on the level of prices and real income of the population. The last criterion is food safety. Raising the level and quality of life of the rural population, stable domestic production of agricultural products and food, preserving natural resources for agricultural production form the basis of food security. It is established that the protection of vital interests of Russian consumers does not fully meet the necessary requirements. In terms of self-sufficiency in food, the Voronezh Region has indicators that are above the thresholds set by the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation. The actual consumption of food per capita does not fully correspond to rational norms. For certain groups of products, there is both a lack of its consumption and an overabundance.

Within the framework of this article it is proposed to form a model of strategic management of industrial tourism development in the region. Modern trends in the development of the tourism industry actively influence the development of the world economy as a whole, and the economy of the state and its regions. Tourism has become a huge separate part of economic activity, which can satisfy "special desires" of consumers. Satisfaction of these "basic desires" is carried out not only at the expense of the sphere of tourist services, but also organizations of other fields of activity – this explains the fact that tourism is one of the factors influencing the economic development of the country. The development of industrial tourism contributes to the emergence of new brands, improves the investment climate. Industrial tourism is a niche for the development of cooperation between the regional authorities, industrial and tourist companies. All of the above makes it necessary to improve the theoretical and scientific approaches to the development of strategic management of the development of industrial tourism in order to effectively use the industrial potential of the region, increase its investment attractiveness and the image of the region and the tourism industry, which will lead to the development of the region in both the tourism and industrial sectors. Towards the end of the 20th century, industrial tourism began to emerge in our country. Recently this trend is gaining momentum, and for its further development requires a competent system of strategic management. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that in the conditions of modern market economy, it is necessary to search for new, non-traditional forms of tourism development of their management in order to attract tourists from a more diverse range of target groups, to stimulate the re-visit of industrial tourism in the region.

Article is devoted to studying of features of consumer crediting in PJSC JSB Metallinvestbank bank. In article definition of a consumer loan according to the legal doctrine is given. The analysis of structure and structure of borrowers, dynamics and structure of the loans granted to natural persons is carried out. The technique of development of the system of actions to introduction of the effective development strategy of the enterprise is supposed. Management of financial risks of the enterprise represents a part of activity of the financial manager. Each enterprise for ensuring stable work in the future, has to have accurately definite purposes. The most effective system of management is the system of strategic management which demands from heads of understanding of essence of strategy, use of receptions and methods of strategic management, development of strategic plans. From here, strategy has to change and adapt to change of conditions, both the external, and internal environment. Therefore, the business management problem is relevant. The analysis of the specified problems has shown lack of effective management of the enterprises taking into account risk situations. Now there are no effective techniques and models of business management representing the relations of the economic subject assuming interrelation in granting and consumption of goods and services. The policy of management of financial risks represents a part of the general financial strategy of the enterprise consisting in system development an action for neutralization of possible negative financial consequences of the risks connected with implementation of various aspects of financial activity. Within this policy the list of financial risks is defined. The conclusion is drawn on a condition of a problem of financial risks at the enterprise: the most priority risk is the risk of decrease in financial stability (or risk of violation of balance of financial development), it has the greatest assessment. Further risks of insolvency (or risk of unbalanced liquidity) the enterprises and criminogenic risk follow. The least priority is the deposit risk. At the final stage the methods of decrease in financial risks of the enterprise including forecasting and monitoring of production and financial activity with establishment of standard ranges, increase in solvency through optimization of management of monetary assets are offered. As methods of decrease in criminogenic risk the methods of transfer of financial risk directed to diversification and insurance are allocated.

One of the main problems when crediting innovative projects by commercial banks is risk assessment. For this purpose project risks are classified according to a sign "a source of emergence of risk". According to the obtained data are considered: risks of the innovative project, risks of the company implementer. Further, create the general group risk factors of bank lending of innovative projects. For carrying out quantitative assessment of the revealed risks of bank lending of innovative projects the method of expert evaluation in which empirical scales of risk level are established is used. Also take into account the requirements of the CBR and the proposed method of risk assessment to Fund this innovative project, which introduces a correction of the calculated minimum reserve for possible losses on the loan taking into account the stage of implementation of innovative project. The received results allow to use two schemes of crediting for the purposes of implementation of innovative projects. The first - without payment deferral on interest payment when the loan is granted on the purpose of implementation of the innovative project of the company with a good or average financial position and debt servicing, positive credit history and experience of implementation of innovative projects. The second - with a payment deferral on interest payment when the loan is granted to the new company created especially for implementation of the innovative project, or the company which has not enough means for interest payment and implementation of the innovative project will allow to improve its financial position considerably. Practical use of the offered method allows to carry out adequate assessment of a credit deal with the increased risk and to develop the segment of banking activity connected with crediting of innovative projects.

This article discusses several methods for project design and analysis. After all, they are the key ones in creating a new IT portfolio of the enterprise, according to the standards for the formation and management of projects, which is especially important in investment analysis. Considering these stages, we touch topics from the beginning of an enterprise to its formation, as a working business. After all, every enterprise begins its life with a choice of methods, stopping at one, it chooses a plan and sets tasks. Attraction of investments will be one of the main points in this task. For today, investments are the cause for the consequences of economic processes and various phenomena in the economy. This view will be of interest to specialists in the field of information technology and economic sciences. The idea is substantiated that the analysis of such results gives a good assessment in order to further identify weaknesses, build business processes and solutions from the point of view of forming a new portfolio of the enterprise and tools that allow determining the profitability of the module or the project as a whole in terms of money and technical equivalents. The article helps to reveal the topic and the main problem that is interesting and relevant for today, what method of attracting investors and implementing / shaping the IT portfolio of the project, choose which innovative portfolio management systems should be used and how they differ from traditional ones and how to properly link them with architecture of the enterprise. The key stages of investment analysis will be: increase in profits, accumulation of resources, proper portfolio formation and diversification.

In the current political and economic situation, the process of import substitution is of particular importance. Modern processes of social globalization involve the expansion of cooperation and integration of all levels and types of social production. However, there is a risk of increasing risks in the areas of economic and defense security, openness of new technologies, consumer (food and commodity) dependence, that is, increasing the risk of loss of stability of the socio-economic system. It is obvious that the main strategic objectives for socio-economic systems are different for each hierarchical level. At the macroeconomic level, these tasks are related not only to the formation of a system of priorities and incentives for the reorientation of the national reproductive complex to the production of import-substituting products, but also to the development of an institutional framework for initiating and launching import-substitution processes.). Import substitution is an active process of replacing imported goods with domestic analogues. It is important to note that for the Russian Federation import substitution is forced, because the beginning of the policy of substitution of foreign goods for goods produced domestically against Russia was introduced a number of trade and economic sanctions imposed by the countries of Europe and the United States. In addition, it should be emphasized that the process of import substitution in the domestic economy should a priori have realistic and objectively marked borders, as the the task of ensuring that excessive (as a limit – one hundred percent) of replacement itself is not only achievable in principle, but requiring undue effort and material costs, can cause considerable damage to the national economy. The analysis of the theories of foreign direct investment. The scheme of construction of production on the basis of active import substitution was built. Thus, it is necessary to note the importance of the theory of FDI and the introduction of import substitution instruments for the sectors of the economy. Import substitution takes place in the following segments of the economy: agriculture, information technology, mechanical engineering.

Growth of competitiveness and socio-economic development of Russia and its regions are impossible without ensuring economic security of enterprises of all sectors of the economy and forms of ownership, which is especially important in the face of economic sanctions and the negative impact of global economic crises. The program of social and economic development is a unique strategy of the region, focused on security and optimization of the spatial structure and relations between the center and the regions in order to ensure economic security, growth through the most effective use of existing internal and external factors. The institutional influence of the state in order to improve the economic security of regions and enterprises occurs palliatively when the business of the region is supported in direct (subsidies), and more often indirectly (compliance with the laws and regulations of the Russian Federation and the region) on the principles of institutional and market synergies. Adaptation of enterprises in the region to the market is difficult, when specific socio-organizational, economic, technical and technological, scientific, information activities in their interrelations function in the field of Russian laws. The search for ways to improve the economic security of the Russian Federation, regions and enterprises takes place in the context of global integration through the improvement of the mechanism of state regulation. An important task of the current stage of economic security of the country and regions is the construction of a system of its institutional organization that would be able to balance the levers of government with the opportunities of private enterprises, provide a quality level of providing the business with protection from terrorism, predation, financial risks, legal competition and.

Russian tax laws in petrochemical complex generally has a fiscal orientation now. The current system of taxation in the oil industry has the biggest tax burden in the world, amount of oil and gas revenues was more then 43-51% of all budget revenues over past decades, remaining its main source. Generally, there were changes in the ratios of incomes in the forms of export customs duty and tax on the extraction of minerals. State policy in the field of resource payments affects the entire industry, influencing the structure of oil and oil supplies on internal and external markets and realization of the programs for modernization and development in priority areas. Changes of structure of national production, increasing the contribution of agriculture, IT sphere and other branches to aggregate national product should be reflected in the revision of the tax burden on the industries, associated with the extraction and processing of minerals. It is necessary to reduce the fiscal direction of tax regulation in petrochemical sector with a simultaneous increasing the role of tools that stimulate modernization and updating of equipment, implementation of new processes and technologies, the maximum use of process-deepening processes as well as the development of deposits with severe production conditions. In the near future, it is planned to introduce new changes in taxation in field of oil production and refining - introduction of benefits for oil production in new fields or fields with difficult production conditions or poor quality of oil and introduction of a tax on additional income..

The popularity of products depends not only on its quality, but also on the activities that have been undertaken to promote it in the market. The media plan developed for this purpose should be based on the use of scientific approaches, since the success of an advertising campaign directly depends on the correctness of the selected promotion channels and the level of the developed advertising and information materials. At the same time, it is necessary to optimize the media plan, which makes it possible to ensure the effectiveness of advertising by attracting consumers, advancing competitors and rational use of resources, including material ones. The article gives an example of a developed advertising campaign for the promotion of bakery products: advertising channels in magazines, a radio commercial in shopping centers, advertising stand and distribution of flyers were chosen as channels for promotion. The general concept of this advertising is the promotion of various types of fresh hot products, so the main character is Red Riding Hood. The article gives examples of layouts of printed materials, an approximate scenario of a radio commercial and a description of the layout of magazine advertising. To assess the adequacy of the developed advertising company, the media plan and expenses for creating and conducting an advertising campaign are calculated.. On its basis, a methodology is formulated and an algorithm for performing these marketing activities is constructed. An important step in the application of this technique is its standardization - the creation of an organization standard. The standardization document containing the rules, regulations and requirements will allow optimizing production processes and increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise's products, and also contributes to a common understanding of marketing concepts and advertising policy in the enterprise.

In modern conditions of trade in the Russian Federation became the most important type of entrepreneurship. It is, in a number of objective and subjective reasons, is the most rapidly developing sector of the national economy, affecting the interests of all subjects of market relations: population, manufacturers of commercial products, government and trade. Currently in the internal trade of the Russian Federation there have been significant changes occurring under the influence of growing tensions on the international market, in the economy of our country and within the trading industry. But despite the deteriorating economic situation in the world and strained relations between the Russian Federation and its European and American partners, the latest statistics indicate the translational dynamics of retail trade turnover in the whole country, and in the Voronezh region. Retail trade turnover is among the most important indicators of economic and social development of the Voronezh region and the country as a whole. Its structure and volume characterize the level of consumption of goods population, the increase or decrease of welfare of the people. Through retail sales is a constant influence on the development of the volume and structure of production of consumer goods. This article assessed the relationship between the economic development of the Voronezh region as one of average of region of our country, its trade and standard of living of Voronezh.

The article explores the concept of corruption, defined as an obstacle to economic and social development, created by representatives of the power structures of the country, region, enterprise, weakening the efficiency of management and the institutional foundation of society. Anticorruption activity is presented in the article as conditions created by the state and ensuring that the country's economy is not irreparably damaged by internal and external economic threats. The estimated characteristics of the anti-corruption activities of the regions and the country as a whole, as a rule, are studied in the domestic sources and among foreign authors. Statistical evaluation of the relationship between the level of corruption and indicators: the dynamics of GRP growth, the index of real incomes of the population, the costs of training, health care is made on the basis of the coefficient Pearson correlation. Based on the correlation analysis, stable links were established between the level of corruption and the socio-economic indicators of the region's development: an increase in the level of corruption associated with an increase in the population's spending on education and medicine; a reduction in the level of corruption, as a result of increased incomes of the population and higher wages. The consequences of corruption are presented: legal (the undeveloped legislative base, which involves bribery of powerful people, the growth of corruption in the society, the increase in corruption crimes, the inefficiency of the regulatory framework), social (moral violation, low public evaluation of the activities of power structures, low level of culture and upbringing) , economic (bias financial, investment decisions, illegal distribution of property and non-property benefits, the impossibility of competitors Vat with developed countries) and others.

Subject. The article is devoted to the actual topic of modernity – risk management in terms of behavioral economics. Since the domestic theory of risk management is under development, the problem of a clear comprehensive definition of "risk" becomes now of particular relevance. Goals. The study of the mechanism of risk management in the economy from the perspective of psychology. Tasks. Review the main concepts of risk management; to study its components in business; reflect the system and principles of risk management. Methodology. Methods of cognition, retrospective and documentary analysis, as well as synthesis, generalization, systematization were used as methods for performing the work. Results. The cognitive and psychophysical factors that determine the value of choice under risk conditions, proposed by Israeli scientists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, which contributed to a fundamental breakthrough in the understanding of human behavior under uncertainty and created an economic theory of prospects, were studied. Application area. Risk management from the perspective of economic psychology. Conclusions. The psychological foundations of decision-making in risky situations play a fundamental role. In the risk there is always a certain subjective value, depending on the individual subjective assessment of probability. It is established that in most cases individuals are not prone to risk, and as a rule, an equal change in benefits and losses has unequal value for the subject, so losses, other things being equal, are experienced by the person making the decision, with great emotional costs. There is a direct relationship between the dynamics of the level of risk and the dynamics of profitability, namely: the higher the average profitability of a particular operation, the higher the risk associated with it. The level of threats in the market today is higher than the level of potential profit.

In the conditions of innovative economy of the tightening of the requirements of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the crisis of the banking system, in the conditions of a severe shortage of funds in the Russian Federation, taxes and fees levied on credit institutions are one of the main revenue sources of the state budget after the extraction, processing, transportation, warehousing and sale of natural resources-oil, gas and related petroleum products. In practice, the taxation of profits of credit institutions is under the close attention of the state. So, PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" in 2016, took fifth place among the largest Russian taxpayers, losing the leadership of the JSC "NK Rosneft", PJSC "Gazprom", PJSC "LUKOIL" and JSC "Surgutneftegas". At the same time in 2015 PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" has taken only the tenth place. A particularly urgent task in modern conditions is the reduction of the strongly expressed fiscal orientation of taxes and fees and the increase of their motivating role, as well as the strengthening of the legal regulation of fees and taxes as a complex part of the legislation in the field of taxation of Russia as a whole. The article describes taxpayers, the object of taxation on income tax of a commercial Bank. The detailed calculation of the tax base of income tax of PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" by year is presented. The table of calculation of the Bank's income is provided, by results of the analysis it is revealed that the greatest share in structure of the income is occupied by interest income all three years about 90%, however dynamics of development of banking sector and global tendencies dictate growth of Commission income in structure of the General income. Distinct dynamics can be traced clearly. The calculation of expenses for three years of PJSC “Sberbank of Russia” is also presented, the analysis is carried out, conclusions are formulated. According to the results of the work the conclusion about the need for further development of the system of taxation of commercial banks in obligatory correlation with the strategy and objectives of development of other sectors of the national economy of Russia.

The method simplifying process making decision about placing of monetary cash in the period of the world financial instability with the purpose of its financial safety increasing or as a variant for receiving profit in the given article (regressive model, index models). This model allows to determine the level of mutual probabilistic influence of profitableness and assets on their cost. The model of pricing of capital assets which developed by U. Sharp and J. Lintner is considered. By means of this model the level of influence of market risk on the profitableness of the investment portfolio has been estimated. The equation of the equilibrium market characterizing interrelation of profitableness of an asset and cost of a beta assets relatively optimum (market) portfolio has been formed. The equation of the equilibrium market allows to estimate inefficient assets or portfolios relatively effective portfolios. The beta asset from the equation demonstrates reaction of profitableness on an asset on market forces actions. This size is applied for measurement of market risk portfolio so that estimates the dependence between assets profitableness and market portfolio profitableness. In the article the index model which represents itself a linear equation of multiple regression is also offered. This equation characterizes the fact that change of profitableness and the assets price depends on a number of indicators, testifying about state of the market or indexes. In the work the estimation of effective management of a portfolio with the use of index of U. Sharp’s model of the following assets is carried out: SLR (the Society of Limited Responsibility) "Lukoil", SLR “Pharmstandard”, SLR “Surgutneftegas”, SLR AFK “Sistema”, “Polymetal”, SLR “Gazprom”, the United Company “Rusal”. In article 14 forecasts which purchase and sale of valuable papers, from which 11 forecasts are reliable that makes up 78,57% therefore the considered method can be used with high degree of reliability in making of short-term method forecasts have been represented.

At present, innovative processes become an important factor determining the strategic success of an enterprise in the market of goods and services, the stability and stability of its development. The task of strategic management is to adapt the organization to changes in the external environment. Innovative development of the enterprise and its production activities involves the development of ideas and justification of the investment project, material and technical and financial support, management of the activity of the facility created, including the liquidation or re-profiling of it in accordance with changing external conditions and the opportunity to achieve the goals set by the investor. The specific nature of the organization's innovation strategy depends on the profile of its activities, the level of production and technical development, the focus and volume implemented in the production and research units of the innovation cycle on various types of innovations and the scope of their application. The development of an innovative enterprise development policy begins with an assessment of the enterprise's competitiveness and competition strategy. Among the various methods and means of strengthening the competitive status of an enterprise, the activation of innovative processes, the main part of which is the creation of new products, services, information, intellectual values, is a special place today, that is, an innovative process of constantly searching for new opportunities, the ability to extract and use to solve permanent tasks, new materials, intellectual resources from a variety of sources. Formation of the innovation process in accordance with the strategic concept of innovative development of the enterprise will improve the quality of management decisions and ensure the growth of innovation activity in general and each individual innovation in particular.

Over the past decades, Russian society has changed significantly. A virtual information and financial space is being formed, where there are no customary boundaries of territories. Social communication begins to develop in new forms, knowledge is exchanged and social consciousness is manipulated. To develop the economy, the most acute social need is its focus on social landmarks. An urgent need is the creation of mechanisms: the approval of uniform, equitable, social bases of legality in all regions of the Russian Federation; maintenance of civil peace; intellectual self–reproduction of the nation, through the appropriate system of education, education, health; reduction of income differentiation; self–realization of man. The ongoing social tolerance is not an expression of the slavish or heroic traits of the nature of Russian citizens, but rather the manifestation of expectations from the political process of what the immature market economy was not capable of accomplishing. Potential factors of the region's strategic development or its competitive advantages are highlighted in the paper. Five strategic directions of social management of the region's economy are grounded: the first is the creation and maintenance of a healthy atmosphere for sustainable development of the region; the second – stimulation of the aggregate consumer demand of the Voronezh region; the third is the democratization of capital; the fourth – the social orientation in agriculture; the fifth – the adjustment of the environmental policy of the region. For each direction, the distribution approaches are highlighted. So, the first direction involves: increasing the social responsibility of entrepreneurs, the entire population, executive and legislative authorities to society. The second is based on the skilful expansion of the intervention of regional and municipal authorities in the economy. The third should involve considerable investments in the regional economy, expand and strengthen the middle class, people living not only on wages, but also on other incomes. The fourth involves: improving the economic security of the country and preserving the integrity of the territories and the region as a whole. The fifth is aimed at saving natural resources and strengthening environmental control. The mechanisms for implementing these directions are considered.

Stabilization and development of the market of meat products, increase of efficiency of its functioning to a large extent depend on the structural transformations directed on improvement of integration processes. The search for forms of integration interaction that can unite as many different subjects of the regional economy as possible by effective partnerships in order to focus resources on the implementation of priority directions of the regional socio-economic system, improve the efficiency of the use of production and social infrastructure is of particular relevance now. Under the current conditions, the priority factors of efficiency are: industry specialization and technological compatibility; the validity of the choice of an integrator; the concentration of agricultural production; financial, economic, industrial and technical condition of the participants; the mechanisms of coordination and management; the optimality of proportions between the links of the technological chain; the level of capacity utilization; the degree of satisfaction of raw materials needs through domestic supplies. According to our assessment, the further development of associations should be intensive and carried out through the implementation of investment and innovation programs aimed at the development of high-quality new technologies and techniques, methods of labor organization and management of integrated production. The methodological tools used by us to justify the proposed provisions and establish the laws of development of integrated structures in the regional agro-industrial complex can be used to conduct a multilateral assessment of effectiveness with different levels of detail of the results. The method of complex assessment of functioning efficiency of the integrated structures in the agroindustrial complex developed by us allows:-to reveal potential sources of growth of efficiency of functioning of Association and character of their use; – to establish the directions of managing, subject to efficiency decrease due to excess of limit parameters; – to predict prospects of further development of the integrated formation, including by change of structure of participants.

In the article the analysis of tendencies of development of sector of dairy animal industries on the basis of formation of a dairy cluster is given. It is shown that the structure of dairy cattle breeding in the Voronezh region is built in the form of a milk cluster, in the functioning of which most of the existing enterprises of the dairy industry take part. The largest participants of the dairy cluster are: EkoNivaAgro LLC, GK Molvest, Agroholding Don-Agro. In the cluster, all the operations of the whole milk production process are carried out, starting from the production of feed and breeding of breeding animals and ending with the delivery of finished products to the end users. Also, the cluster included auxiliary organizations that carry out scientific, educational, research and veterinary support of the entire production chain. Within the framework of the cluster, effective interaction of all its participants is established, which is necessary for obtaining high quality milk and dairy products. The advantage of a dairy cluster in the Voronezh region is the opportunity to provide targeted benefits to organizations that are important for the economy of the region, and the state gets the opportunity to regulate innovation, investment flows and evaluate the effectiveness of financial investments. The implementation of investment projects in animal husbandry in the medium term (for the period until 2020) will increase milk production by 30%. The economic efficiency of dairy cattle is a cumulative category that reflects the impact of technological, economic, social and environmental factors on the productivity of production. Cluster development of the dairy cattle breeding industry in the Voronezh Region allows obtaining a positive synergistic effect, reducing transaction costs, and increasing the genetic potential of dairy cattle.

The article examines the issues of risk assessment for reducing the financial stability of the enterprise. The content of the risk of financial stability is considered and the main approaches to its analysis are determined. The study revealed that the most common is the traditional approach. In the framework of this approach, key areas for analyzing the financial stability of an organization are defined and their meaningful characteristics are given. The results of the calculation and analysis of the risk of a decrease in financial stability depend on the presence/absence of distortions in the financial statements. Based on the conducted research, the organization's operations were identified, which can lead to a deterioration in the structure of the balance sheet and a decrease in financial stability. It is noted that the forecasting of financial difficulties will allow timely reacting to changes and developing adequate measures to reduce financial risks. The risk of reducing financial sustainability is multifaceted, and there is a high correlation between risk factors. In this regard, it seems appropriate to talk about the advisability of using a risk-oriented approach in the practice of financial stability management. This approach will solve the problem of ineffective management and non-compliance with legislation in the process of reflecting the facts of economic life, which will improve the quality of analysis of the financial situation of the enterprise. The proposed algorithm for managing the risk of reducing financial stability will make it possible to draw up a plan of action to minimize adverse impacts. In conclusion, it was concluded that sustainable development and stable status of economic entities in modern conditions is determined by their ability to respond in a timely manner to changing conditions of the functioning environment, which reflects the indicators of financial stability. Therefore, the necessary condition for the effective operation of the organization is its financial sustainability.